To assess the nutritional and health status of the elderly, anthropometric measurements and blood test for analyzing biochemical indices were carried out from August to September in 1996. Data on the incidence of a specific disease and clinical symptoms were also collected by interviews with a questionnaire. Among the total of 169 free-living elderly interviewed(91 men, 78 women), 86 elderly(57 men, 29 women) participated in the anthropometric measurements, and 73 elderly(52 men, 21 women) in blood tests. Average heights and weights were much lower than the standards established in the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances. While average triceps skinfold thickness of men and women were above the 50 percentile of the reference data, mid-arm muscle circumferences were lower than the 50 percentile. Prevalences of anemia, assessed by hemoglobin using WHO definition, were 38.5% for men and 33.3% for women. Blood levels of total protein and albumin were above the normal limit for all participants. Mean blood cholesterol levels of men and women were 163.9mg/dl and 185.8mg/dl, and triglyceride levels were 138.2mg/dl and 161.9mg/dl, respectively. Women older than 75 years generally had high levels of BMI, total cholesterol and triglyceride. Health status assessed by clinical symptoms generally showed no significant difference by age, and their smoking, and drinking habits. Males and the elderly who exercised regularly had better health status. It was suggested that exercise was a good way to improve health status.
Aged* ; Anemia ; Cholesterol ; Chungcheongbuk-do* ; Drinking ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Nutritional Status* ; Prevalence ; Recommended Dietary Allowances ; Skinfold Thickness ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Weights and Measures ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Nine strains (6%) were confirmed as resistant (MIC=20ug/ml) to methicillin (MT) among 150 isolates of staphylococcus aureus. These MT-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains were also turned out to be more less resistant to other antibiotics tested, such as penicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and gentamicin except for cephaloridine. It was noteworthy, however, that strain MRSA 5 showed a relatively susceptible attitude toward most of the antibiotics tested, while being extremely resistant to MT only. Salt (NaC1) containing (5-3%) media did not have any significant effect on the degree of MT-resistance of MRSA strains. There was, however, such a tendency as that by the addition of salt the degree of MT-resistance was lowered in the highly MT-resistant strains while enhanced in MT-susceptible ones. It was confirmed that penicillinase did not have any effect on the MT-resistance while most of the penicillin- resistant strains produced the enzyme.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephaloridine ; Chloramphenicol ; Gentamicins ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Penicillinase ; Penicillins ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus ; Tetracycline

This study was designed to assess the antihypertensive efficacy and overall tolerance of doxazosin in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Doxazosin was administered in once-daily dose from 1 to 3mg to 97 patients both in a general hospital and a local clinic in rural area. These patients are composed of three groups. One group has 49 Patients treated with doxazosin monotherapy, another group with 31 patients treated with doxazosin as well as other antihypertensive drugs combined and a third group is composed of 17 patients with renal insufficiency n addition to hypertension. The patients in the third group with renal insufficiency had 2.5mg/dl-5.0mg/dl in serum creatinine. Results are as follows : 1) The study sample is composed of 37 males (38.1%) and 60 females (61.9%) with mean age 51.4 years. Among three subasmples no statistically significant difference is observed in age, sex, mean body weight and heigh at 0.05 error level. 2) A total of 47 patients (48.5%) of the 97 patients have completed twelve-week doxazosin antihypertensive treatment. At a mean dose of 4.4+/-0.4mg at twelfth week, 37 patients (78.7%) responded to doxazosin therapy. Twenty-nine(61.7% patients achieved "excellent" blood pressure control(mean sitting DBP of < or =90mmHg), and 8 patients (17.0%) showed "good respone" (10mmHg or more DBP reduction from baseline). Whereas remaining 10 patients (21.3%) showed only "fair response" (5-9mmHg DBP reduction) or "failed"(0-4mmHg DBP reduction). In doxazosin monotherapy group thirteen(68.4%) of nineteen patients showed "excellent" or "good response" at a mean dose of 4.8mg/day. Combination therapy group with eighteen patients showed 100% therapeutic success. This group had fourteen(77.8%) "excellent" and four(22.2%) "good respinse" at a mean daily dose of doxazosin 3.9mg. Renal insufficiency group with ten patients showed six(60.0%) "excellent" and four (40.0%) "failure"cases at a mean daily dose of 4.6mg. 3) The mean baseline sitting blood pressures of doxazosin monotherapy group were 175/109 whose blood pressure at twelfth week were 150/94 at a mean daily dose of 4.8mg. The baseline blood pressure of combined therapy group 180/111 were reduced to 145/91 at twelfth week at a mean daily dose of 3.9mg. Those of renal insufficiency group were 177/112 and 156/98 respectively at a mean doxazosin daily dose of 4.6mg. 4) Of the 97 study cases, adverse effect were reported in 19.6%. The most prevalent adverse effects were dizziness(11.3%), blurred vision(9.3%), headache(5.2%), most of which were mild or moderate and disappeared with or were tolerated on continued therapy. But three cases(3.1%) had to refrain from doxazosin administration due to blurred vision, dizzines, and headache. 5) The change of lipid analysis between before and after treatment in the monotherapy group with doxazosin showed 3.8% decrease of total cholesterol and 4.6% increase of HDL cholesterol and 11% increase of triglycerides, which were not statistically significant. In the combination therapy group 0.4% decrease of total cholesterol, 24.1% decrease of HDL cholesterol and 44.3% increase of triglycerides were observed. In the renal insufficiency group 4.9% decrease of total cholesterol, 22.1% decrease of HDL cholesterol, 0.1% decrease of triglycerides were observed. But all these findings have limitation in generalization due to small number of sample and a short period of observation. 6) Laboratory chemistry test results revealed no apparent treatment-related abnormalities.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure* ; Body Weight ; Chemistry ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Creatinine ; Doxazosin* ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Headache ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Male ; Renal Insufficiency ; Triglycerides

Scrub typhus is a zoonosis transmitted by a chigger of trombiculid mite and manifested with fever, skin rash, myalgia, and hepatitis etc. The renal involvement of the disease is prese-ted with transient microscopic hematuria and/or proteinuria. However acute renal failure or meningoencephalitis is very rare. We report a case of scrub typhus manifested with acute renal failure, meningoencephalitis, and hepatitis. The patient was treated with doxycycline and continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) and recovered successfully.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Doxycycline ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Hematuria ; Hemofiltration ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Meningoencephalitis* ; Myalgia ; Proteinuria ; Scrub Typhus* ; Trombiculidae

BACKGROUND: In renal transplantation, a good HLA-DR match Is associated with successive graft outcome. But due to a number of technical problems, reliable serological DR typing cannot always be obtained. To compare the serological DR typing with DRBI DNA typing, we tested 103 specimens that had been frozen after serological typing, by PCR-SSOP typing method. METHODS: Serological DR typing was performed by complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity technique using commercial antisera kits, and DNA gyp ins was performed by PCR-SSOP, using one of the methods recommended by 12th International Histocompatibility Workshop. DNA amplification was done by DRBAMP-A and DRBAMP-B primers, and hybridization by 18 oligonucleotides labelled with digoxigenin.. RESULTS: The concordance rate between serologic typing and DNA typing was 76.7%. Most (79.0%) of discordant results were due to serological blanks turning out to be definable antigens by DNA typing and these antigens consisted of mainly DR5 splits but none of DR1, DR2, or DR7. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of technical improvement, serological typing method often can not define the accurate HLA-DR type. It is thought that combining serological typing with DNA typing Is necessary to achieve a higher success rate of graft outcome.
Digoxigenin ; DNA ; DNA Fingerprinting ; Education ; Histocompatibility ; HLA-DR Antigens* ; Immune Sera ; Kidney Transplantation ; Oligonucleotides ; Transplants

Undescended testis is one of the most common anomalies of genitourinary tract in children but optimal time for treatment of it has not been determined still. We examined the changes of seminiferous tubules according to ages in 41 patients with undescended testis which orchiectomy or testicular biopsy were performed in the Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital during the period from January, 1979 to April, 1985 and following results were obtained. l. The ages of 41 patients ranged from 6 years to 48 years. Of these,36 patients were unilateral and 5 patients were bilateral undescended testis. 41 undescended testes were located in inguinal canal, 2 in high scrotum and 3 above the internal inguinal ring. 2. Mean Tubular Diameter was average 48.5 Um from 6 years to 12 years, 81.2 Um at 14 years and 118.4 Um at 24 years. But in normal group, it was average 95.7 Um from 6 years to 12 years, 2l3.6 Um at 14 years and 229.4 Um at 17 years. So, there was already severe damage in development of seminiferous tubules in undescended testis at 6 years. 3. Mean Tubular Fertility Index was average 19.7% from 6 years to 17 years, 42% at 19 years, average 10.8% from 20years to 30 years and 0% at 48 years. But in normal group, it was 78.0% at 6 years and 100% at I4 years. So. there was already severe damage in formation of spermatogonia in undescended testis at 6 years. 4. The thickness of basement membrane of seminiferous tubules in undescended testis was 2.2 Um at 6 years and increased with age to 9.9 Um at 24 years.
Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Child ; Cryptorchidism* ; Fertility ; Humans ; Inguinal Canal ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Scrotum ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatogonia ; Urology

No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Male

No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Male

No abstract available.
Tachycardia, Supraventricular* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular*

Among causes of acute scrotum, epididymitis and testicular torsion are most common causes. There is difficulty in differential diagnosis of testicular torsion and acute epididymitis because of their similarities in clinical features. Recently, the radioisotope testicular scanning in imaging procedures has been introduced as that is simple, rapid and a high accuracy. So, 28 cases with scrotal swelling and pain were studied by means of testicular scanning in the Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital during the period from February, 1981 to September, 1983. The following results were obtained: 1. 2 cases those were diagnosed as testicular torsion clinically showed typical findings of torsion on scanning. They were confirmed as torsion by operation. 2. 16 cases were diagnosed as acute epididymitis clinically. 13 of them gave the scan findings compatible with epididymitis and all cases were well improved with antibiotic therapy. Remaining 3 cases showed findings of torsion and were confirmed surgically. 3. 8 cases were diagnosed as testicular injury clinically. In 5 cases scan showed findings of trauma and were also confirmed by operation. In the other 3 cases. scan showed findings of epididymitis and all of them were improved with antibiotic therapy. As above results testicular scan is easily available and accurate diagnostic method in the evaluation of patient with acute scrotal disorders.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Epididymitis ; Humans ; Male ; Scrotum ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Urology