No abstract available.
Tinnitus*

After nephrectomy for non-malignant disease, primary tumors of the ureteric stump are extremely rare and present a significant diagnostic problem, and only few cases have been reported in the literature. The very rare adenocarcinoma of the ureter is typically papillary and is associated with urinary tract infection and stones. In adenocarcinoma, because it is often difficult to determine whether the tumor is primary or secondary due to the generalized instability of the urothelium, and its histogenesis and biologic behavior remain uncertain partially due to the rarity of this neoplasm, a diagnostic differentiation pathologically from other tumors is required. We herein describe a case of 68 year old man who had a primary well-differentiated papillary mucigenic. adenocarcinoma of the ureteric stump after nephrectomy for renal stones.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary* ; Aged ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Ureter* ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urothelium

No abstract available.
Female ; HELLP Syndrome* ; Pregnancy

Although several reports about drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in North Korea have been published, a nationwide surveillance on this disease remains to be performed. This study aims to analyze the drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among the patients in the sanatoria of North Korea, especially during the period when second-line drugs (SLDs) had not yet been officially supplied to this country. The Eugene Bell Foundation (EBF) transferred 947 sputum specimens obtained from 667 patients from 2007 to 2009 to the Clinical Research Center, Masan National Tuberculosis Hospital (MNTH), South Korea. Four hundred ninety-two patients were culture positive for TB (73.8%). Drug susceptibility test (DST) was performed for the bacilli isolated from 489 patients. Over 3 quarters of the cases (76.9%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB. Additionally, 2 patients had extremely drug-resistant (XDR)-TB. Very high resistance to first-line drugs and low resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and injectable drugs (IDs) except for streptomycin (S) were detected. A small but significant regional variation in resistance pattern was observed. Big city regions had higher rate of MDR-TB, higher resistance to FQs and IDs than relatively isolated regions. In conclusion, significant number of drug-resistant TB was detected in North Korean sanatoria, and small but significant regional variations in resistance pattern were noticeable. However, the data in this study do not represent the nationwide drug resistance pattern in North Korea. Further large-scale evaluations are necessary to estimate the resistance pattern of TB in North Korea.
Democratic People's Republic of Korea* ; Drug Resistance ; Fluoroquinolones ; Hospitals, Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Sputum ; Streptomycin ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular response elicited by mechanical stimulation of airways varies depends on the site of stimulation. The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular pressor responses to direct laryngoscopic nasotracheal intubation, when lidocaine was applied topically as either a nasal spray or an orolaryngeal spray before the induction of anesthesia. METHODS: Forty-six healthy adult patients were randomly allocated to two groups according to the site of the lidocaine spray before the induction of the anesthesia. Group N (nasal spray group, n = 23) received a 10% lidocaine nasal spary using a pump-metered spray (3 times into each nostril), and Group O (orolaryngeal spray group, n = 23) received the same dose and preparation in a sitting position on inspiration. After induction of anesthesia, a nasotracheal tube was inserted through a nostril. Hemodynamic data were recorded in the ward (control), after lidocaine spray, after the induction of anesthesia but before intubation, and immediately and 1min after intubation. RESULTS: Nasotracheal intubation caused a significant increase in heart rate in both groups, but a significant increase in blood pressure occurred in group O only. Rises in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure were significantly higher in group O than that in group N immediately and 1 min after nasotracheal intubation. CONCLUSION: Topical lidocaine administered as a nasal spray before the induction of anesthesia was found to be effective at reducing but not abolishing tachycardia response to direct laryngoscopy and nasotracheal intubation.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Laryngoscopy* ; Lidocaine* ; Tachycardia

"Mirror-writing" is stript that runs in the direction opposite to normal with the individual letters also reversal. Several theories, including motor, visual dominance, spatial disorientation and supplementary motor hypotheses, have been proposed to explain "mirror-writng". With reviewing some of literatures, we present two cases of "mirror-writing" in association with bilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage and right frontal hematoma, respectively.
Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Hematoma ; Humans

Avulsion injury of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon from the distal phalanx is considered as a rare injury. We report a patient who sustained a FDP tendon rupture insertion on her fifth finger as a result of a closed, hyperextension with no accompanying laceration or predisposing pathologic condition. Preoperative ultrasonography showed complete rupture of FDP and the gap between the tendon ends. According to the classification by Leddy and Pacter, this case is type II. The reconstruction of flexor tendon using pull-out suture and tie-over button. We are reporting a case with brief review of literatures.
Classification ; Fingers ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Rupture* ; Sutures ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: The recognition of bronchial asthma as an inflammatory disease led to a search for soluble markers that would be useful in assessing airway inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a representative proinflammatory cytokine that has been shown to be connected with various inflammatory diseases. IL-6 acts via specific receptors that consist of the IL-6 binding glycoprotein gp80 and the signal transducer gp130. In the search for markers of airway inflammation, we investigated the role of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and IL-6 in acute asthma. METHODS: Serum levels of sIL-6R and IL-6 were measured in 78 acute asthmatics, in 15 patients with asymptomatic asthma and in 10 healthy control subjects by a specific ELISA using a murine antihuman IL-6R, IL-6 mAb (Quantikine sIL-6R, IL-6). RESULTS: Serum levels of IL-6 in acute asthmatics significantly exeeded those of control subjects. Those of sIL-6R in acute asthmatics were also significantly increased compared to those of control subjects. The serum concentration of IL-6 obtained in acute asthmatics was elevated as compared with the asymptomatic asthmatics. However, Association between eosinophilic count / IgE and IL-6 / sIL-6R in acute asthma could not found. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that IL-6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute asthma and serum levels of IL-6 and sIL-6R may reflect the severity of airway inflammation.
Asthma* ; Cytokine Receptor gp130 ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Eosinophils ; Glycoproteins ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6*

Segmental fractures of the clavicle are very rare. Therefore, to date, there has not been a clear, standardized method of management of segmental clavicle fractures. Herein, two patients with a segmental fracture are described: One patient was treated conservatively, while another patient was treated operatively. Both patients showed excellent results. We discuss the various management options with a literature review.
Clavicle* ; Humans ; Methods*

BACKGROUND: The estimation of ADA activity in pleural fluid has been proved useful tool in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions. However, there is controversy about its usefulness when estimated in bronchial washing fluid in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study aims at evaluating the usefulness of measuring ADA activity in bronchial washing fluid of tuberculous patients as biochemical marker in the early diagnosis of the disease. METHODS: We examined the difference of ADA activity in bronchial washing fluid among the group I (tuberculosis group), group II (lung cancer group) and group III (control group). RESULTS: There was significantly higher bronchial washing fluid ADA level in tuberculosis group compared to the lung cancer and control groups(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that bronchial washing fluid ADA activities seem to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Adenosine Deaminase ; Biomarkers ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pleural Effusion ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*