No abstract available.
Orthodontics

We analysed 58 patients who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine due to infectious mononucleosis from January 1986 to August 1992. Of 58 patients who had responses to IgM to EBV viral capsid antigen and/or heterophil antibody, 35 patients had hapatitis. Of 35 hepatitis patients, group I consisted of 22 patients who had only EBV infection and group II consisted of 13 patients who had hepatitis B markers or cytomegaloviral markers. The results were as follows: 1) Sex distribution revealed males to females to be 1.1:1. In the age distribution, the proportion of patients with 1 to 3 years of age occupied 40.9% for group I and 30.8% for group II. In non-hepatitis group, 73.9% of patients were in 2 months to 3 years of age. 2) The common presenting symptoms and signs of hepatitis group included hepatomegaly in 24 cases (68.6%), fever in 19 (54.3%), anorexia in 17 (48.6%), throat injection in 16 (45.7%), splenomegaly in 5 (42.9%), and cervical lymphadenopathy in 10 cases (28.6%) etc. 3) In group I, complications or combined diseases included pneumonia in 4 case, disseminated intravascular coagulation in 2 and 1 case in acute pancreatitis. Group II included 1 case of iron deficiency anemia, acute renal failure, peritonitis and pulmonary hemorrhage respectively. 4) Anemia (Hb: <10g/dl) was found in 3 cases (13.6%) for group I, and in 2 cases (15.4%) for group II. Leukocytosis above 10,000/mm3 was demonstrated in 15 cases (68.2%)for group I and in 3 cases (23.1%)for group II. The higher percentage (>15%)of atypical lymphocytes were found in 3 cases (13.6%)for group I and in 1 case(7.7%) for group II. Thrombocytopenia (platelet: <100,000/mm3) was detected in 1 case (4.5%) for group I and in 3 cases (23.1%)for group II. Total bilirubin above 1.0mg/dl was found in 6 cases (27.3%)for group I and in 5 cases(58.1%)for group II. 5) AST level of 100~500IU/L was found in 10 cases(45.4%)for group I, and in 5 cases (38.5%) for group II. AST level above 500IU/L was demonstrated in 1 case (4.5%) and in 3 cases (23.1%) respectively. The mean values of AST level were 253.4 455.3IU/L and 316.7 102.4 IU/L, respectively. 6) Elevated ALT level of 100~500 IU/L was found in 9 cases (40.9%)for group I and in 9 cases(69.2%)for group II. ALT level above 500IU/L was detected in 5 cases (22.7%)for group I and in 3 cases (15.4%)for group II. The mean values of ALT level were 356.9 561.2IU/L and 308.3 259.1IU/L, respectively. 7) Elevated ALT levels returned to normal values within 3 weeks in 14 cases (82.4%) for group I and in 6 cases (66.7%)for group II. The mean duration of normalization of ALT level were 17.3 14.1 days for group I and 19.9 14.8 days for group II. Our results suggest that it AST/ALT levels are elevated and hepatitis A, B, C markers are negative, or if sudden elevated AST/ALT levels are noted in hepatitis B carriers or a patient with cytomegaloviral hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus infection should be suspected.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Age Distribution ; Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Anorexia ; Bilirubin ; Capsid ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatomegaly ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Leukocytosis ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Pancreatitis ; Pediatrics ; Peritonitis ; Pharynx ; Pneumonia ; Reference Values ; Sex Distribution ; Splenomegaly ; Thrombocytopenia

Together, neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia make up approximately 70 to 80% of the causes of neonatal cholestasis. Biliary atresia must be differentiated from neonatal hepatitis as soon as possible in order to institute early surgical intervention. We performed this study to examine whether the measurement of the serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG) was useful for differentiating these two conditions. Serum AFP levels were measured using enzyme immunoassay in 76 infants with cholestasis and serum TBG levels were measured using radio immunoassay in 30 infants with cholestasis and 23 infants without cholestasis. Serum AFP and TBG concentrations in patients were compared with the normal ranges in infants and were expressed as standard deviation (SD) scores. 52.7% of the patients with neonatal hepatitis showed SD scores of AFP higher than 4.0. By contrast, 14.3% of the patients with biliary atresia showed SD scores of AFP highter than 4.0(p<0.005). The patients with either neonatal hepatitis or biliary atresia had TBG concentrations above the normal ranges, but there was no difference between neonatal hepatitis and biliary atresia. The patients with neonatal hepatitis who recovered from jaundice after 6 months of age or progressed to chronic liver disease of died of the liver disease showed hight serum levels of AFP and TBG than the patients who recovered from jaundice before 6 months of age. In conclusion. SD scores of AFP could be used to differentiate between neonatal heptatis and biliary atresia, and SD scores of AFP and TBG might be used as an indicator of prognosis of neonatal hepatitis.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Biliary Atresia* ; Cholestasis ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Infant ; Jaundice ; Liver Diseases ; Prognosis ; Reference Values ; Thyroxine-Binding Globulin*

A total 12 cases of tuberculous spondylitis of thoracic spine had been treated by anterior decompression and interbody fusion through extrapleural approach from March, 1979 to June, 1980. In this study, six impending or complete paraplegics were included. Prognosis of paraplegia depends on its grade, duration and local pathology. Extrapleural approach seems to offer the following advantages over all the other ones; lesser risk, no Iimitation of surgical fleid, less chance of contaminating pleural cavity, less postoperative complications, especially indicated for the elderly paraplegics of Incomplete or complete type and less cumbersome Immediate postoperative care.
Aged ; Decompression ; Humans ; Paraplegia ; Pathology ; Pleural Cavity ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Spine ; Spondylitis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

Dislocation of index metacarpophalangeal joint is complex and usually cannot be reduced by closed method. It is a relatively rare injury and there are no widely published studies on its management. We have experienced a case combined with osteochondral fracture of the dorsoulnar aspect of metacarpal head and reduced it using extensor tendon splitting simplified technique with good results. This technique is seemed te be simpler and safer than volar approach described by Kaplan.
Dislocations ; Head ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Methods ; Tendons

Two cases of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in a 3 years old boy and a 10 years old girl are reported. Since Fairbanks description of the disease in 1935, it has been a well recognized entity which is a rare congenital developmental error characterized by mottling or irregularity in density and outline of several of the developing epiphyses, and dwarfism. Many reports indicate a definite hereditary and familiar distribution, particularly one series in which there were 10 cases in a single family, But in this report parent and siblings, all of whom were examined clinically, and roentgenographically showed no demonstrable stigmata of any growth disturbance. As the child develops, a subnormal growth rate becomes more obvious. The vertebrae are usually not affected so that dwarfing is confined to the extremity. The process rarely comes to attention of the physician until the child begin to walk, and then it is noted that one has a waddling gait and short stubby digits of the hands and feet. Intelligence is unaffected. Prognosis as to life expectancy and range of activity is good.
Child ; Christianity ; Dwarfism ; Epiphyses ; Extremities ; Female ; Foot ; Gait ; Hand ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; Parents ; Prognosis ; Siblings ; Spine

BACKGROUNDS: Antiphospholipid antibodies which are frquently found in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome are associated with recurrent abortions and thromboembolism. In this study the authors investigated whether antiphospholipid antibodies are found in Graves disease, a representative organ-specific autoimmune disease and what is the clinical implication of the antiphospholipid antibodies if they appear in Graves disease. METHODS: Anticardiolipin antibody and lupus anticoagulant activity were measured in 57 untreated hyperthyroid Graves patients. 42 euthyroid patients with thyroid nodules served as controls. RESULTS: Eight of the 57 patients with Graves disease had anticardiolipin antibody which was significantly more frequent than in control group. Six of the eight patients who had anticardiolipin antibody had IgM type antibody and two had IgG type antibody. All their antibody activity declined with several months of antithyroid drug therapy and finally disappeared when the patients became euthyroid. Presence of anticardiolipin antibody had no relationship with clinical events such as spontaneous abrtion and thromboembolism. CONCLUSION: Anticardiolipin antibody is frequently found in patients with Graves disease. They seem to appear as an epiphenomenon of autoimmunity and they seem not to have any clinical implications.
Abortion, Habitual ; Antibodies, Anticardiolipin* ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Autoimmunity ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Pregnancy ; Thromboembolism ; Thyroid Nodule

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: In tinea pedis, the response of treatment and prognosis are different according to clinical types. Positivity in KOH mount and causative agent in culture are also different. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycologic findings of tinea pedis according to the clinical type. METHODS: A clinical and mycological study was conducted with 97 cases of tinea pedis among out patients examined for 7 months from June 1994 to December 1994 at Yeungnam University Hospital and Catholic Skin Clizic, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS: 1. Age distribution showed patients in their fourth decade to be most common. The ratio of male to female was 1.2: 1. The distribution of patients by clinical type was interdigital type, interdigital combined with hyperkeratotic type, interdigital combined with vesicular type, hyperkeratotic type, and hyperkeratotic combined with vesicular type, in descending order. One to five years was the most comrrion duration of tinea pedis. Duration of tinea pedis was the shortest in the vesicular type, otherwis was longer in hyperkeratotic type. Rate of family history of tinea pedis was 54.6%. The larger the size of family was, the higher the positivity in family history. The rate of coexistent dermatiophytosis with tinea pedis was 39.1%, and tinea unguium was the most common one. 2. The isolated dermatophytis were T. rubrum, 90.7%, T. mentagrophytes, 7.2%, and T. rubrum rnixed with T. mentagrophytes, 2.1%. T. rubrum showed an even distribution in all clinical types of tinea pedis whereas T. mentanophytes was isolated only in the interdigital type, vesicular type, and interdigital combined with vesicular type. T. rubrum mixed with T. mentagrophytes was isolated in the interdigital combine with vesicular type. Distribution of dermatophytes was relatively even arnong the age groups. T. rubrum showed a relatively even distribution in duration of tinea pedis, but T. mentagrophytes was isolated in tinea pedis with shorter duration.
Age Distribution ; Arthrodermataceae ; Daegu ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea*