Intraspinal tumors in children are of especially interest to orthopaedic surgeons for two reasons; First, musculoskeletal abnormalities, are often treated for long periods before the correct diagnosls is suspected; Second, important orthopaedic problems are encountered in almost everychild treated for intraspinal tumor, not only during the immediate postoperative management but all through subsequent growth. We report a case presentation of the intraspinai tumor, dermoid cyst, successfully treated with operation.
Child ; Dermoid Cyst ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities ; Surgeons

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Wounds and Injuries*

Atopic dermatitis is one of the commoner dermatoses of children, adolescents and young aduIt. Atopic persons manifest (1) a high degree of allergic hypersensitivity with the developmmt of atopic reagins in the blood. (2) an exaggerated reaction to various forms of physical and ernotional stress. (3) a favorable symptomatic response to steroidal therapy. (4) an exaggerated reaction to infection with the virus of vaccinia and herpes simplex and (5) an abnormal physiologic response in the skin and the superficial vascular network to physical agents and the acetylcholine. The relation of atopic dermatitis (neurodermatitis disseminata) to various manifestations of ocular disease has been well documented: in the ophthalmologic literature. Cataract formation, re tinal detachment and keratoconjunctivitis have been noted most often. and keratoconus and atopic uveitis are apparently uncommon. Frequency of occurrence of atopic cataract and keratoconjunctivitis was evaluated clinically in 117 patients suppering from atopic dermatitis who were visited to out-patient clinic of dermatology of Eul-Ji Geaeral Hospital during the years 1980 to 1981. A distinctive form of ocular cataract, as a significant complication of atopic dermatitis in the years of adolescence and young adult life, was found in 7 of 117 patients with atopic dermatitis.
Acetylcholine ; Adolescent ; Cataract* ; Child ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Dermatology ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Keratoconjunctivitis ; Keratoconus ; Meals ; Outpatients ; Reagins ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Uveitis ; Vaccinia ; Young Adult

Coronary heart disease is still highly prevalent worldwide and remains a common cause of mortality. The underlying cause responsible for stable angina is chronic atherosclerotic narrowing of the coronary artery. Most patients with stable angina can be managed with medical treatment with aspirin, beta-blocker, calcium channel blocker (CCB), and nitrate. High-risk patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus should be considered for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARB) and aggressive statin treatment. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are the clinical spectrum that includes unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Because the atherosclerotic plaque instability with subsequent rupture and thrombus formation is a primary mechanism of ACS, antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents are essential for the prevention of coronary events. Combination treatment with antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel and cilostazol) and anticoagulants, such as unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH), provides improved efficacy for the secondary prevention of ACS. The main goal of treatment in STEMI is quick recovery of the culprit vessel patency and maintaining sufficient myocardial perfusion. It can be done by thrombolytic therapy or primary coronary angioplasty.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty ; Anticoagulants ; Aspirin ; Calcium Channels ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Perfusion ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Rupture ; Secondary Prevention ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Coronary heart disease is still highly prevalent worldwide and remains a common cause of mortality. The underlying cause responsible for stable angina is chronic atherosclerotic narrowing of the coronary artery. Most patients with stable angina can be managed with medical treatment with aspirin, beta-blocker, calcium channel blocker (CCB), and nitrate. High-risk patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus should be considered for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARB) and aggressive statin treatment. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are the clinical spectrum that includes unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Because the atherosclerotic plaque instability with subsequent rupture and thrombus formation is a primary mechanism of ACS, antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents are essential for the prevention of coronary events. Combination treatment with antiplatelet agents (aspirin, clopidogrel and cilostazol) and anticoagulants, such as unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH), provides improved efficacy for the secondary prevention of ACS. The main goal of treatment in STEMI is quick recovery of the culprit vessel patency and maintaining sufficient myocardial perfusion. It can be done by thrombolytic therapy or primary coronary angioplasty.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty ; Anticoagulants ; Aspirin ; Calcium Channels ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Perfusion ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Rupture ; Secondary Prevention ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Thrombosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

BACKGROUND: In diagnosis or monitor of the airway obstruction in bronchial asthma, the measurement of FEV1 in the standard method because of its reproducibility and accuracy. But the measurement of peak expiratory flow(PEF) by peak flow meter is much simpler and easier than that of FEV1 especially in children. Yet there have been still no data of the predicted normal values of PEF measured by peak flow meter in Korean children. This study was conducted to provide equations to predict the normal value of PEF and correlation between PEF and FEV1 in healthy children. METHOD: PEF was measured by MiniWright peak flow meter, and the forced expiratory volume and the maximum expiratory flow volume curves were measured by Microspiro HI 501(Chest Co.) in 346 healthy children (age:5-16 years, 194 boys and 152 girls) without any respiratory symptoms during 2 weeks before the study. The regression equations for various ventilatory parameters according to age and/or height, and the regression equations of FEV1 by PEF were derived. RESULTS: 1. The regression equation for PEF(L/min) was:12.6×age(year)+3.4×height(cm)-263(R2=0.85) in boys, and 6×age(year)+3.9×height(cm)-293(R2=0.82) in girls. 2. The value of FEFmax(L/sec) derived from the maximum expiratory flow volume curves was multiplied by 60 to compare with PEF(L/min), and PEF was faster by 125 L/min in boys and 118 L/min in girls, respectively. 3. The regression equation for FEV1(ml) by PEF(L/min) was:7×PEF-550(R2=0.82) in boys, and 5.8×PEF-146(R2=0.81) in girls, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study provides regression equations predicting the normal values of PEF by age and/or height in children. And the equations for FEV1, a gold standard of ventilatory function, was predicted by PEF. So, in taking care of children with airway obstruction, PEF measured by the peak flow meter can provide useful information.
Airway Obstruction ; Asthma ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Immunoglobulin M* ; Lymphoma* ; Paraproteinemias*

Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder, and usually characterized by its chronic course. The 59 year-old woman patient who had been healthy until 2 months ago, admitted because of abdomial pain, general weakness and loss of weight about 12kg for 2 months. She looked a little pallor but color of skin was not remarkable. Blood pressure, serum electrolyte, and glucose on admission were within normal range. Serum calcium was elevated with the value of 12.6mg/dL, which was normalized after hydration. Cortisol response to RI induced hypoglycemia did not show any response. Anterior pituitary hormone except ACTH showed normal response during combined pituitary hormone stimulation test. These clinical and laboratory finding reveals that isolated ACTH deficiency was developed in a short term period. There were no abnormalities in sellar MRI except pineal cyst. Her complaints were disappeared dramatically after hydroccetisone replacement at 4th. hospital day. Here we report a case of isolated ACTH deficiency, which was rapidly developed, with hypercalcemia, abdominal pain, and loss of weight about 12kg for 2 months.
Abdominal Pain ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone* ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypercalcemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Pallor ; Reference Values ; Skin ; Weight Loss

PURPOSE: This report outlines the incidence and the clinical features of patients with a neuroendocrine (NE) neoplasm of the colon and rectum and describes, in detail, their histologic and immunohistochemical findings. Also, we attempted to determine the impact of several clinical variables, including tumor stage, tumor location, NE pattern, and cellular subtype on survival. METHOD: Of 690 colorectal cancers operated on from April 1990 to November 1998 at Chungnam National University Hospital, 41 cases were originally diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoms on the basis of conventional light microscopy. Paraffin blocks from the aforementioned cases were retrieved, and sections were im munostained with antibodies to human chromogranin A, neuron specific enolase, and synaptophysin. RESULTS: Of the 690 cases of colorectal caner, 35 cases (5.1%) of NE neoplasm were identified retrospectively: 28 males and 7 females. About 90% of the tumors were located at the cecum and the rectosigmoid. Pathologic stages were as follows: modified Dukes stage B2, 6; stage C1, 8; stage D1, 12; and stage D2, 9. The most common metastatic site at the time of diagnosis was the liver (8/9). Four NE patterns were identified: pure NE (n=4), and predominantly NE (n=8), equal NE and exocrine (n=4), and predominantly exocrine (n=19). Two cellular subtypes were identified: well-differentiated (n=3) and intermediate (n=32) cells. Survival statistically correlated with stage (p=0.03), but not with age, sex, tumor location, NE pattern, or cellular subtype. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that NE neoplasms of the colon and rectum are more frequent than previously believed. Since a NE neoplasm is believed to be an extremely biologically aggressive tumor, recognition of a NE neoplasm is very important because of its evident clinical and therapeutic implications.
Antibodies ; Cecum ; Chromogranin A ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Colon* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Liver ; Male ; Microscopy ; Paraffin ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Rectum* ; Retrospective Studies ; Synaptophysin

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence shows that interleukin(IL)-1 plays a critical role in inflammation and connective tissue destruction observed in both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. IL-1 induces gene expression related to cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases by activation of many different transcription factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chondrosarcoma cell line, SW1353, is known to be a valuable in vitro system for investigating catabolic gene regulation by IL-1beta in chondrocytic cells. To explore and analyze the changes in gene expression by IL-1 responsible for arthritis, SW1353 was treated with IL-1 for 1, 6 and 24 h and then total RNAs were purified for each time. The changes in gene expression were analyzed with 17k human cDNA microarrays and validated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Greater than a two-fold change was observed in 1,200 genes including metallothioneins, matrix metalloproteinases, extracellular matrix proteins, antioxidant proteins, cytoskeleton proteins, cell cycle regulatory proteins, proteins for cell growth and apoptosis, signaling proteins and transcription factors. These changes appeared to be correlate with the pathophysiological changes observed in early osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION: cDNA microarray analysis revealed a marked variability in gene expression, and provided insight into the overall molecular changes. The result of this study provide initial information for further studies to identify therapeutic targets in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
Apoptosis ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Line ; Chemokines ; Chondrosarcoma* ; Connective Tissue ; Cytokines ; Cytoskeleton ; DNA, Complementary* ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; Gene Expression ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukins* ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Metallothionein ; Microarray Analysis ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis* ; Osteoarthritis ; RNA ; Transcription Factors