No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local* ; Arthroscopy* ; Knee*

PURPOSE: To determine whether the compression technique is a valuable additional method for differentiating between benign and malignant breast masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ultrasonographic findings of 95 benign and 53 malignant masses, all pathologically proven, were prospectively analyzed with regard to five diagnostic criteria: shape (regular/irregular), retrotumoral acoustic phenomena (posterior enhancement/posterior attenuation), internal echo pattern (homogeneous/inhomogeneous), compression effect on shape (distortion/no change), and compression effect on internal echo pattern (more homogeneous/no change). RESULTS: The number of cases of benign and malignant masses, respectively, was as follows: regular / irregular shape: 84/11, 9/44; posterior acoustic enhancement/posterior attenuation: 82/13, 16/37; homogeneous/inhomogeneous internal echo pattern: 78/17, 14/39; distortion/no change in shpae: 76/19, 5/48; and more homogeneous/ no change in internal echo pattern: 71/24, 3/50. For all diagnostic criteria for the differentiation of benign and malignant masses, the differences were statistically significant (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography is helpful for differentiating between benign and malignant breast masses. The compression technique is a valuable additional diagnostic method.
Acoustics ; Breast* ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass during open heart surgery causes systemic inflammatory respose. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that inhibits inflammatory process and protects organ function by down regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine release and maintenance of blood level balance with pro-inflammatory cytokines. MATERIAL ateial and Method: Plasma IL-10 levels were measured and analyzed in 22 patients who underwent open heart surgery (11 cases of coronary artery bypass graft, 11 cases of valve replacement) under cardiopulmonary bypass since 1988 January to July at Department of Thoracic and Czardiovascular surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital. 1g of methylprednisolone was administrated to thirteen patients randomly. Blood samp.es were taken and collected at the time of induction of anesthesia, 10 min before cardiopulmonary bypass, 10 min after starting of CPB, 10 min aftr aortic cross clamping, 10 min after ACC release, and 10 min, 2 hours, and 5 hours after CPB respectively. The plasma levels of IL-10 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Wilcoxon-Raule Sum test was used for statistical analysis. In all 22 patients, cardiopulmonary bypass time was used for statistical analysis. In all 22 patients, cardiopulmonary bypass time was 171+/-41.4 min and aortic cross clamp time was 118+/-36.5 min. Peak IL-10 level was achieved at 10 min after ACC (361.0+/-52.81pg/ml) and was decreased sharply at 2 hours after CPB. Peak IL-10 level was correlated positively with aortic cross clamp time (p=0.011); however, it did not correlated with bypass time (p=0.181). In valve replacement group, mean IL-10 level at peak point was 567.89+/-107.69 pg/ml and was significantly higher than that of coronary artery bypass group (205.67+/-192.70 pg/ml) (p<0.001). ACC time in valve replacement group was significantly longer than that of coronary artery bypass group (p<0.01), however, bypass time was not (p=0.212). Thirteen patients with steroid pretreatment before starting of CPB showed relatively higher plasma IL-10 level than in control group, however, no statistical significance was noted (p=0.19). CONCLUSION: plasma level of IL-10 was increased in association with cardiopulmonary bypass and revealed peak at 10 min after ACC release. IL-10 level was correlated positively with ACC time. Therefore, systemic inflammatory respeonse in association with cardiopulmonary bypass could be decreased by reducing ACC time during cardiac surgery.
Anesthesia ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Constriction ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Cytokines ; Down-Regulation ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Interleukin-10* ; Methylprednisolone ; Plasma ; Thoracic Surgery ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma* ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 2*

The long QT syndromes have been classified into acquired or inheritary forms, both of which are associated with a characteristic type of life-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia called torsade de points. Beta-adrenergic blocker is the first cholic treatment, but in those whom cardiac events are not prevented by beta - blockade, left thoracic sympathetic ganglionectomy may be useful in selected cases. A 50-year-old woman had an recurrent syncopal attack in which she was unconscious for 1-2 min and 1-2 times a month for 10 years. The EKG revealed that QT & QTc intervals were 744 and 632 msec respectively. Treatment with Beta-adrenergic blocker and calcium channel blocker was ineffective in preventing recurrence of syncopal spell. Therefore, she underwent left thoracic sympathetic ganglionectomy with thoracoscope. During the 9 months after operation, she was free of syncopal episodes and is doing well.
Calcium Channels ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Ganglionectomy* ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome* ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Syncope ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Thoracoscopes*

Isolated congenital aneurysm of the left atrium with intact pericardium is a rate anomaly, which usually presents with arrhythmia, cerebral embolism or abnormalities on routine chest X-ray. Surgery is indicated in most cases to eliminate a potential source of systemic emboli and arrhythmias. A 42-year-old woman having cervical cancer, she was suspected of having a left atrial aneurysm on review of chest X-ray and confirmed by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Surgical resection of Left atrial aneurysm was achieved without complication using median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful.
Adult ; Aneurysm* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Atria* ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism ; Pericardium ; Sternotomy ; Thorax ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

PURPOSE: To determine imaging findings among retired workers who were long-term exposed to asbestos. Lung and pleural diseases prevalence were studied on chest radiograph and HRCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen workers who were long-term exposedto asbestos occupationally in shipyards were examined by chest radiographs (PA and lateral view) and HRCT (high-resolution computed tomography). RESULTS: In 12 of 18 subjects (66.7%), asbestos-related pleural abnormalities were evident in diaphragmatic, lateral chest wall and costophrenic angle of the pleura on chest radiographs. The thickness of pleural plaques at the lateral chest wall varied. Diffuse pleural thickening was evident in 2 workers. Parenchymal abnormalities were not found on chest radiographs. On HRCT, pleural thickening wasobserved in 16 of 18 subjects (88.9%), in the areas of juxtavertebral, diaphragmatic, anterior, lateral, mediastinal and fissural pleura. Curvilinear subpleural lines representing early parenchymal asbestosis were found in the lower posterior lung in three of 18 subjects (16.7%). CONCLUSIONS: In long term asbestos-exposed workers, the asbestos-related pleural disease was 66.7% on chest radiographs and 88.9% on HRCT. The authors suggest that this group should be followed up periodically
Asbestos* ; Asbestosis ; Lung* ; Occupations ; Pleura ; Pleural Diseases* ; Prevalence* ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False* ; Embolization, Therapeutic* ; Hepatic Artery*

OBJECT: There have been some controversies about the nature of peripheral neuropathy in patients with subacute comblned degeneration. Mayer concluded that the neuropathy was essentially demyelinating. And other reports which were based on pathologic or electrophyslological filldings have been saying axonopathy. We tried to find the nature of perlpheral neuropathy by doing conventional nerve conduction studies in 19 patients with subacute combined degeneration. SUBJECT AND METHOD: We included 19 patients with subacute combined degeneration, who were diagnosed by decreased serum vitamin B12(200pg/ml) and abnormal neurologic symptoms and/or signs. The patients were between 26 and 86 years of age. Eleven of them were male. We performed conventional nerve conduction studies Including H-reflex, When nerve conduction parameters deviated by more than 2SD from the normal mean value, they were consider as abnormal. RESULTS: nerve conduction studies were abnormal in 13/19. 11/13 with abnormal nerve conduction studies showed the pattern of peripheral polyneuropathy. Ten of them showed decreased amplitudes of sensory nerve action potentials or compound nerve action potentials with/wlthout mild slowing of nerve condcution. The abnormalities of the three patients with nerve conduction parameters of demyelinating range were confined to the distal segments of the median nerves. CONCLUSION: We thought that the results of the nerve conduction studies of our cases were compatible with axonopathy rather than demyelinopathy as a principal ]esion of the peripheral nervous system.
Action Potentials ; H-Reflex ; Humans ; Male ; Median Nerve ; Neural Conduction* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Polyneuropathies ; Subacute Combined Degeneration ; Vitamins

We report a case of Hunter' s syndrome with characteristic nodules on the upper back. The patient was a 7-year-old Korean boy who presented with ivory-colored papules and nodules on both sides of the scapula, pectoral regions and lateral aspects of the upper arms. These lesione are regarded as pathognomonic cutaneous markers for Hunter s syndrome. He also presented with truncal hypertrichosis, retarded growth, short neck, round face, claw like contractures of hands, multiple joint contractures, and a clear cornea. Severely elevated glycosaminoglycan levels were present in the patient s urine samples. The patient s 5-year-old brother had similar clinical features.
Animals ; Arm ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Contracture ; Cornea ; Hand ; Hoof and Claw ; Humans ; Hypertrichosis ; Joints ; Male ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II* ; Neck ; Scapula ; Siblings