No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies* ; Ribs* ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: To describe soft-tissue radiographic and high-resolution CT findings of radiation-induced lung injury of rabbit over time and to correlate them with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 15 rabbits were irradiated in the right lung with one fraction of 2000 cGy. After 4, 6, 12, 20, 24 weeks, 3 rabbits in each group were sacrificed and soft-tissue radiographs and high-resolution CT of their lung tissue were obtained. Radiological findings were correlated with pathologic findings. RESULTS: On soft- tissue radiogram, radiation pneumonitis shown as consolidation with air-bronchogram occurred in 3 cases after 6 weeks, and in 1 case after 12 weeks of irradiation. In addition, pneumonic consolidation with adjacent pleural contraction was seen in 2 cases after 12 weeks of irradiation. Fibrotic changes indicated by decreased volume occurred after 20 weeks and combined bronchiectatic change and bronchial wall thickening appeared after 20 weeks(N=1), and 24 weeks(N=3). HRCT findings of radiation pneumonitis were homogeneous, increased attenuation after 4 weeks(N=3), 6 and 12 weeks (each N=I), patchy consolidation after 6 and 12 weeks(each N=2), discrete consolidation after 12, 20 and 24 weeks(each N=I) and solid consolidation after 20 and 24 weeks(each N=2). Pathologically radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary congestion were seen after 4 and 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, collagen and reticulin fibers were detected along alveolar wall. Mixed radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis were detected after 12 weeks. 20 weeks after irradiation, fibrosis was well defined in interstitium and in 24 weeks, decreased number of alveoli and thickening of bronchial wall were defined. CONCLUSION: Radiation pneumonitis was provoked 4 weeks after irradiation on rabbit lung and progressed into radiation fibrosis 20 weeks after irradiation on soft-tissue radiographs and high-resolution CT. High-resolution CT is more precise in detecting early radiation pneumonitis and detailed pathologic findings.
Collagen ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fibrosis ; Lung Injury ; Lung* ; Rabbits ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; Reticulin

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of obese infertile women. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Height, weight, body mass index, menstrual pattern, glucose, insulin, glucose / insulin ratio, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), testosterone, free testosterone and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) of 15 obese infertile women were tested. RESULTS: Of 15 obese infertile women, the number of diabetes mellitus, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance was 2 (13%), 2 (13%), 2 (13%), respectively. The incidence of increased DHEA-S, testosterone, and free testosterone was 7 (47%), 1 (7%), 6 (40%), respectively. Notably, all patients showed increased PAI-1. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is associated with infertility as well as many kinds of health problems. Obesity is closely related to insulin resistance and it also causes hyperandrogenism. Increased PAI-1 is one of the important causes of thrombophilia. Consequently, in the workup of obese infertile patient, many aspects of health problems should be considered.
Body Weight ; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hyperandrogenism ; Hyperinsulinism ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Obesity ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Testosterone ; Thrombophilia

No abstract available.
Thrombocythemia, Essential*

It is generally accepted that the integrity of posterior cruciate ligament plays a major role in knee stability. The rotatory movement is around a point to the back of center of joint where the posterior cruciate ligament lies, and it is a structure which is just as important as the other ligaments. Methods of reconstruction have been described, using semitendinosus tendon, gracilis tendon, popliteus tendon, patellar tendon, iliotibial band, and medial meniscus. We have successfully used the semitendinosus tendon in two patients who sustained neglected rupture of posterior cruciate ligament.
Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Menisci, Tibial ; Patellar Ligament ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Rupture ; Tendons

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare the PET and CT findings for patients with a pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the PET and CT findings of seven patients diagnosed with a pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis between May 2005 and May 2007. RESULTS: All patients had interstitial thickening, as seen on a CT scan, while the PET scans showed abnormal findings in only three patients. In these three patients, one patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 10, another patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 5 but less than 10, and another patient had interlobular septal thickening of less than 5. All of the patients had bronchovascular bundle thickening. However, among the four patients that had normal FDG uptake, no patient had interlobular septal thickening of more than 10, two of the patients had interlobular septal thickening of more than 5 but less than 10, and the remaining patients had interlobular septal thickening of less than 5. Only two of the patients had bronchovascular bundle thickening. CONCLUSION: All patients with pulmonary lymphangitic metastasis have typical CT findings, but some of the patients had FDG uptake, as seen in the PET scans. Thus, CT is a more useful modality for diagnosis for pulmonary lymphangitic metastases.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Authors reviewed clinical records of 92 patients with tetanus from January 1974 to December 1983 at Severance Hospital and the following results wre obtained. 1) There were about 2.2 times more cases of neonatal tetanus than that of nonneonatal. The admitted cases of tetanus decreased in 1980's compared to those of 1970's. 2) The male versus female ratio was 3 : 1 not only in nonneonatal but also in neonatal teanus. 3) There was a tendency of higher mortality when the site of injury was on the central part of the body than on the distal. 4) Most cases of tetanus developed after the injury with bactrial contamination as expected, but a few cases are due to only trivial injury such as acupuncture or injection without overt contamination. 5) There was a close relationship between the incubation period and mortality in neonatal tetaus but no such definite relationship in nonneonatal tetaus. 6) The duraton of admission was about 3 weeks and the majority of deaths occureed in less than one week of admission. 7) There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the group who used tetanus antitoxin from animal and that who used human tetanus immuneglobulin.
Acupuncture ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Tetanus Antitoxin ; Tetanus*

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between job stress and the variables associated with the organizational effectiveness of dental technicians. METHODS: The job stresses were divided into the following six components; somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility. The organi-zational effectiveness variables in this study included job satisfaction, occupational commitment, organizational commitment and intent to leave. The sample used in this study consisted of 248 dental technicians working in hospitals and dental laboratories. The data were collected with self-administered questionnaires between March 16 and April 29 in 2002, and the results analyzed with ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Firstly, job stress of dental technicians was found to be significantly different in relation to the number of workers at the workplace and the working hours. The level of job stress was the highest when the number of workers were more than 10, or when the daily working hours were over 12. Secondly, of the six variables of job stress, five variables of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility were found to have significant negative correlations with job satisfaction. Thirdly, all six job stress variables were found to have significant negative correlations with the occupational and organizational commitments of the dental technicians. Finally, depression was the only job stress variable found to have a significant effect on the dental technicians' intent to leave. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that personal and organizational efforts are very important to improve the organizational effectiveness in reducing work related stress. Organizational support, especially for managing the depression of dental technicians is recommended.
Anxiety ; Dental Technicians* ; Depression ; Hostility ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Laboratories, Dental ; Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the CT findings of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and to differentiate from other periampullary carcinoma including the carcinoma of the distal common bile duct and pancreas head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT findings of 13 cases of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, 20 cases of the carcinoma of the distal common bile duct and 20 cases of the carcinoma of the pancreas head confirmed by pathology. Five millimeter consecutive settings of CT scan were performed in all cases on ampulla level with supine position. The CT findings were retrospectively evaluated in view of common bile duct dilatation, pattern of termination of bile duct, pancreatic duct dilatation, protruding mass in duodenal lumen, and regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: All case of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater(13/13) and distal common bile duct(20/20) showed common bile duct dilatation with abrupt termination. Among the 10 cases of the carcinoma of the pancreas head with common bile duct dilatation, five cases each had is abrupt termination(5/20) and gradual stenosis of bile duct(5/20). Five cases of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater(5/13) and four cases of the carcinoma of distal common bile duct(4/20) showed pancreatic duct dilatation and all cases of the carcinoma of pancreas head show pancreatic duct dialtation(20/20). Twenty cases of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater showed protruding mass in the medial wall of the second portion of the duodenum(12/13) but only one case of the carcinoma of the distal common bile duct(I/20) and five cases of the carcinoma of the pancreas head (5/20) had protruding mass in the duodenal lumen. Only one case of the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater showed(1/13) regional lymph node metastasis but three cases of the carcinoma of the distal common bile duct(3/20) and 18 cases of the carcinoma of the pancreas head(18/20) showed regional lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Common bile duct dilatation with abrupt termination, protruding mass in the duodenal lumen and rare lymph node metastasis in CT may suggest the carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.
Ampulla of Vater* ; Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Common Bile Duct ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Head ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Supine Position ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed