No abstract available.
Diazepam* ; Seizures, Febrile*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare prospectively two different anesthetic techniques with isoflurane or propofol for postoperative nausea, vomiting and recovery after tonsillectomy in children. METHODS: Sixty children, ASA physical status I, were assigned randomly to one of two groups. In group I, anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 mg/kg and maintained with isoflurane 1~1.5 vol%. In group P, anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 1 mcg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg and maintained with propofol infusion 5~10 mg/kg/hr. Both group received vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg for tracheal intubation and were ventilated with 33% O2 in N2O. The time to extubation, time to eye opening, PACU time, incidence and numbers of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and degree of sedation were recorded as well as perioperative complications. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in the duration of anesthesia and PACU time between two groups. The time to extubation and eye opening of group P were significantly shorter than group I (p<0.05). The degree of sedation and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting of group P were significantly lower than group I (p<0.05). But the frequency of intraoperative bradycardia was significantly higher in group P than group I (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol-fentanyl anesthesia results in less nausea and vomiting during postoperative period and more rapid recovery compared to isoflurane anesthesia and may be recommended in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
Adenoidectomy ; Anesthesia* ; Bradycardia ; Child* ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Isoflurane* ; Nausea ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Postoperative Period ; Propofol* ; Prospective Studies ; Thiopental ; Tonsillectomy* ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Vomiting*

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a pathological syndrome in which activation of coagulation cascade leads to fibrin clot formation, consumption of platelets and coagulation factors, and secondary fibrinolysis. We report a case of severe postoperative hemorrhagic diathesis due to DIC. A 59-year-old man was scheduled for reduction of tibia fracture and anatrophic nephrolithotomy of staghorn calculi. On the fifth postoperative day, second operation was performed for nephrectomy due to perirenal hematoma. Two days later, third operation was performed for hemostasis because of the continuous bleeding. Coagulation tests showed positive DIC profiles of thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, increased fibrin degradation products, and prolonged prothrombin time and thrombin time. The patient recovered uneventfully and discharged on the 59th postoperative day.
Blood Coagulation Factors ; Calculi ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Fibrin ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; Fibrinolysis ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemorrhagic Disorders ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Prothrombin Time ; Thrombin Time ; Thrombocytopenia ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Seizures, Febrile*

No abstract available.
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin* ; Rabbits* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

No abstract available.
Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin* ; Rabbits* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a troublesome problem in pediatric patients undergo- ing strabismus surgery. We compared the effects of ondansetron with those of droperidol and placebo within the 24hrs postoperative period. 54 children, who admitted to Presbyteri- an Medical Center to receive strabismus operations, with ASA physical status 1, were as- signed to one of three groups according to uncontrolled parallel comparative study design. A standard anesthetic technique consisting of thiopental-vecuronium for induction and N2O-O2-enflurane for maintenance of anesthesia was used. The data showed that ondansetron 0. 067mg/kg i.v. before induction was significantly more effective in preventing emesis (n=19, 100%) than placebo(n=17, 58.8%). But, there was no significant difference between droperidol group and placebo group. In conclusion, ondansetron(0.067mg/kg) given intravenously before induction to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing elective strabismus surgery in children was effective.
Anesthesia ; Child* ; Droperidol* ; Humans ; Nausea ; Ondansetron* ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Postoperative Period ; Strabismus* ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can produce dangerous complications, such as arrhythmias, transient hypertension, and increases in intraocular pressure. This study was designed to whether propofol, in comparision with thiopental, would attenuate these hypertensive responses and increases in intraocular pressure. METHODS: Twenty patients were studied during courses of ECT administrations, each patient receiving propofol or thiopental on different occasions. The induction dose was 1.6 mg/kg of propofol and 3 mg/kg of thiopental sodium. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac rhythm and intraocular pressure were checked before induction (control), after administration of succinylcholine, immediately, 5 min, and 10 min after ECT administration. Recovery time was also compared between two groups. RESULTS: Mean arterial pressure was lower following propofol than thiopental (p<0.05) immediately after ECT. Heart rate was lower following propofol than thiopental (p<0.05) immediately, 5 min, and 10 min after ECT. Cardiac rhythm abnormalities were infrequent and not serious. Intraocular pressure was lower following propofol than thiopental (p<0.05) immediately, 5 min, and 10 min after ECT. Recovery time of propofol (6.5+/-0.8 min) was shorter than thiopental (7.5+/-0.9 min). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol for ECT induction would seem to be an ideal drug, as it attenuates hypertensive responses and increases in intraocular pressure.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arterial Pressure ; Electroconvulsive Therapy* ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Propofol* ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental*

It is already well known that there are relatively many patients in Korea who have hepatitis B surface antigen. Anesthesiologists are often put into such a dilemma that they can't decide definitely whether going on procedures or not for HBsAg positive patients with or without mildly impaired liver function. The effects of enflurane, isoflurane and regional anesthesia on the liver function were compared in 85 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen. All the patients were randomly divided into 3 groups of enflurane(n=8), isoflurane(n=60) and regional anesthesia(n=17), and subdivided into 4 groups according to the preoperative value of liver functuion test and the presence of hepatitis B e antigen. Liver function tests were performed preoperatively, and on the 1st, 3rd and 7th, days postoperatively. Postoperative values of liver function tests were compared to preoperative ones within each group, and were also compared between groups. The results showed no significant differences between groups of hepatitis B eantigen positive and hepatitis B e antigen negative, but showed slight differences between anesthetics or anesthetic methads. In conclusion, anesthetic management of hepatitis B surface antigen positive patients could be performed without regard to the presence of hepatitis B e antigen. However, regional anesthesia seemed to be better than inhalation anesthesia in patients with hepatitis B surface antigen.
Anesthesia, Conduction* ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics ; Enflurane* ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Humans ; Isoflurane* ; Korea ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver*

Preeclampsia is defined as the development of hypertension with proteinuria, edema induced by pregnancy after 20th week of gestation. Eclampsia implies the occurrence of convulsions unrelated to any coexisting neurologic disease in a preeclamptic. The leading cause of maternal death in preeclampsia-eclampsia is intracranial hemorrhage. Other causes of morbidity include congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema, pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents, disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute renal failure, and septic shock. We experienced a case of death from intracranial hemorrhage in eclamptic patient undergoing cesarean section.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Cesarean Section* ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Eclampsia ; Edema ; Female ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Maternal Death ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Proteinuria ; Pulmonary Edema ; Seizures ; Shock, Septic