No abstract available.
Ear Cartilage ; Rabbits ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Cartilage ; Rabbits ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To compare the galactographic findings of malignant and benign disease in patients with pathologic nipple discharge and to analyze the features suggesting malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 24 patients in whom pathologic nipple discharge had occurred, the findings of preoperative galactography were correlated with those of pathology. RESULTS: Nine of the 24 cases were malignant and the other 15 were benign. Intraductal calcification occurred in five malignant cases (56%) and two (13%) which were benign. Seven malignant cases (78%) involved the segmental ducts, and in eight (89%), the peripheral ducts below the subsegmental duct were involved. Five benign cases (33%) involved the lactiferous sinus, seven (47%) the segmental duct, and two (13%) the subsegmental duct. Distal duct dilatation occurred in four benign cases (27%), while ductal stenosis was noted in six cases (67%) and ductal distortion in seven (78%). A malignant tumor appeared as a multiple (n=5, 56%) or irregular (n=5, 56%) filling defect, and a benign tumor as a single (n=12, 80%), oval (n=6, 40%) or lobular (n=4, 27%) filling defect. CONCLUSION: At galactography, a malignant tumor frequently appeared as an irregular multiple intraductal filling defect in a peripheral duct. A benign tumor, on the other hand, appeared as an oval or lobular single lesion. The presence of ductal stenosis, distortion and intraductal microcalcifications not opacified by contrast material suggest possible malignancy.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Hand ; Humans ; Nipples* ; Pathology

No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus*

Clear cell acanthoma is a rare benign tumor, which usually presents as a solitary erythematous to brown colored papule or nodule, with a predilection for the lower leg of t hemiddle-aged and older individuals. An 11-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of bilateral brownish colored and exudative plaques on the both areolae.Histopathologic examination showed psoriasiform proliferation of pale keratinocytes and neutrophil exocytosis. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with clear cell acanthoma. Typically, clear cell acanthoma occurs as a unilateral lesion on the leg in an adult. However, our case shows a bilateral lesion as well as the uncommon age and site.To our knowledge, this case of bilateral clear cell acanthoma has been rarely reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of clear cell acanthoma that occurred on both areolae in a child.

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are rare diseases comprising nodular to diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration with an overlying grenz zone and no epidermal involvement upon histological analysis. Diagnostics can become challenging when lymphomas exhibit the characteristics of both B and T-cells. Differential diagnoses may include reactive proliferations, cutaneous composite lymphomas, and transformed mycosis fungoides. Immunohistochemistry and gene arrangement tests may be beneficial to clarify the diagnosis. Herein, we report a rare case of epidermotropic EBV-positive cutaneous B-cell lymphoma along with a literature review.

PURPOSE: The expression of Nitric oxide Synthase (NOS) and aquaporin (AQP) water channels in rat bladder is recently reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of inducible NOS (iNOS), aquaporin-3 (AQP-3) in cyclophosphamide (CYP) induced rat bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into cystitis group (n=20) and control group (n=12). In cystitis group, 100mg/kg CYP was injected every second day for 1 week whereas in control group, normal saline was injected. After extracting of the bladder and dividing dome, body and trigone of the bladder, independently H&E staining and immunohistochemical staining for iNOS and AQP-3 were performed. Expressions of iNOS and AQP-3 were analyzed with a confocal laser scanning microscope and an image analyzer. RESULTS: The expression of iNOS significantly increased in the mucosa, submucosa layer of dome in cystitis group (p<0.05). The expression of AQP-3 significantly increased in the mucosa, submucosa, vessel layer of dome in cystitis group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that inflammatory change activates NOS and AQP-3 expression in the bladder tissue of rats. These may imply that NOS and AQP-3 have a pathophyiological role in the cyclophophamide induced interstitial cystitis. Further study on the NOS and AQP-3 in bladder is needed for clinical application.
Animals ; Aquaporins ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cystitis ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Mucous Membrane ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical feature and the results of the treatment of Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation with limited open reduction, pin fixation and Ilizarov external fixation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2001 to May 2003, six patients with Lisfranc fracture/dislocation were treated. The average periods of follow-up was 23 months. After limited open reduction on the second tarso-metatarsal joint, we performed pin fixation of the above joint. On the other Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation, closed reduction and the application of Ilizarov external fixator was done. This rigid system produced the early partial weight bearing and joint motion of the injured foot and ankle joint. The parameters used were radiographic evaluation, patient's clinical assesment and the AOFAS midfoot score. RESULTS: We used the Myerson's criterier to evaluate the radiographic result. All cases could be achieved more than nearly anatomical reduction. Three cases of excellent and 3 cases of good result could be obtained in the evaluation of the patient's clinical assesment. The average AOFAS midfoot score was 87.2 (76~95) points. CONCLUSION: The treatment using Ilizarov external fixation on Lisfranc joint fracture/dislocation can be another useful method.
Ankle Joint ; Dislocations* ; Equidae ; External Fixators ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Joints* ; Weight-Bearing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to present methods and results for the modified Phemister operation, with a suture anchor added for augmentation of the conoid ligament in cases of acute dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 14 cases of acute dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint. This included 11 cases of Rockwood type 3, and 3 cases of type 5. The mean age of patients was 45.2 years. We operated on them using an anchor for augmentation of the conoid ligament in the modified Phemister operation. The average follow-up period was 14 months and post-operative clinical analysis was conducted using the Weitzman classification, VAS Score, Constant Score and KSS Score. RESULTS: According to Weitzman scores, 13 cases were evaluated as excellent, and one case was good. They had mean joint ranges of forward elevation of 170.7degrees, lateral elevation of 166.4, external rotation of 68.2, and internal rotation to the level of T7. The mean VAS Score was 1.9, mean Constant Score 90.8, and the mean KSS Score 91. Radiologic analysis indicated that all cases had a good result. CONCLUSION: The modified Phemister operation with a suture anchor added for augmentation of the conoid ligament is very effective clinically in acute dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Suture Anchors ; Sutures