The need for film recording in endoscopic practice is important with the present demand for documentation and teaching (legal problem). The electronic endoscopy which has a very small charge coupled device (CCD) at the distal end of an endoscope yields several times more resolving power than conventional optical endoscopes. However the system has not been utilized in Urologic field because there has not enough space for CCD at the end of the telescope comparing to the endoscope in Gastroenterology field. However the video converter with CCD could be adapted to the eyepiece of the telescope, and the automatic monitor photo unit (CVP 600, SAMSUNG, KOREA), video system and monitor were used for imaging, which is so called Urologic Video Information System (UV1S). The image processing was done by instantaneous system (CCD color camera, EC-202 II, ELMO, Japan) with conventional optical light source. From September 1992 to August 1996, we did cystoscopic examination with CCD in 1079 cases.
Cystoscopy ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Gastroenterology ; Information Systems ; Telescopes

BACKGROUND: There are many reports about the correlation between cardiovascular disorders and estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women. The purpose of current study is to know that postmenopausal estrogen therapy may affect the lipid metabolism and endogenous fibrinolytic system and exercise tolerance. METHOD: We investigated the relation of estrogen treatment (srogen 0.625 mg/day) to serum lipid levels, angiotensin converting enzyme activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and parameters of treadmill test in 22 postmenopausal women of normal coronary artery with abnormal exercise test complained with chest pain accompanied by postmenopausal symptoms. RESULTS: Estrogen treatment significantly elevated the serum HDL-cholesterol level (42.8 to 50.1 mg/dl, p<0.05) and reduced the PAI-1 level (16.2 to 10.4 ng/dl, p<0.01) without considerable side effects. During the exercise test, the positivity appearance time and total exercise duration is significantly increased after estrogen treatment. CONCLUSION: The postmenopausal use of estrogen favorably changed the lipid level, fibrinolytic system and might improve the microcirculation which may protect against the ischemic heart disease risk without significant side effects.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels ; Estrogens* ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Tolerance ; Female ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Microcirculation ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; Plasminogen Activators ; Postmenopause

Aggressive fibromatosis is a neoplastic lesion derived from musculoaponeurotic tissue. By its ability to spread locally and infiltratively, it mimics a low-grade malignant tumor. Wide excision is the recommended primary therapy but recurrences are numerous. We report a primary pelvic fibromatosis arising from retroperitoneum, which managed by surgical excision and radiation therapy.
Fibroma* ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: Various causes may be the etiology of gynecomastia. We investigated the levels of serum estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), ratio of E2 to T (E2/T) as well as associated diseases, drugs as the cause of gynecomastia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: E2, T, E2/T in 37 patients from gynecomastia patients (GP) and 10 healthy men were measured, and the associated diseases and drugs in 68 GP were also evaluated. Ultrasound for the adrenal gland diseases, physical examination or ultrasound for the testicular pathology were performed. RESULTS: The cause of gynecomastia varied according to the age. The levels of E2, T, E2/T in control group (CG) were 35.3 3.9 pg/ml, 5.0 0.4 ng/ml, 7.1 0.5. Those in GP were 48.7 7.1 pg/ml, 4.3 0.3 ng/ml, 12.0 1.8, respectively. The difference of E2/T as well as E, T between CG and GP was not significant. Various associated diseases or drugs were found in GP. Adrenal diseases or testicular cancer were not found in GP. CONCLUSIONS: The difference of E2/T between CG and GP is not the only cause of gynecomastia. Thus, the consideration of the age as well as associated diseases or drugs will be helpful for the better understanding of high E2/T as the cause of gynecomastia
Adrenal Gland Diseases ; Estradiol ; Gynecomastia* ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Physical Examination ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testosterone ; Ultrasonography

Interrupted aortic arch may be defined as a discontinuity of the aortic arch. This uncommon anomaly was first described by Steidele in 1778 and was later classified into 3 types by Celoria and Patton. We experienced the case of a 25-year-old male with an interrupted aortic arch(Type B) which was well supplied by collateral circulations. Ligation of collateral supplies and a Y-graft replacement from ascending aorta to descending thoracic aorta and left subclavian artery was done. Postoperative aortogram revealed no collateral circulations and good continuity of the aorta without narrowing of the anatomic site. During the period of 2-month follow up, the patient was able to lead a relatively active life.
Adult ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Collateral Circulation ; Equipment and Supplies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Subclavian Artery

Malacoplakia is an uncommon granulomatous inflammatory disease, which predomina- ntly affected the urinary tract, particularly the urinary bladder. The prostatic involve- ment of malacoplakia is extremely rare and may clinically mimic prostate cancer. A correct diagnosis of malacoplakia can be made by histopathologic findings characterized by accumulations of macrophages containing typical intracytoplasmic inclusions(Michael is-Gutmann bodies). We report a case of prostatic malacoplakia, which was incidentally found in prostate biopsy performed to confirm clinically suspected prostate cancer.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Macrophages ; Malacoplakia* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

Bilateral coronoid hyperplasia causes painless progressive trismus, resulting from coronoid process impingement on the posterior aspect of the zygomatic bone. The etiology of coronoid hyperplasia is unclear, with various theories proposed. An endocrine stimulus, increased temporalis activity, trauma, genetic inheritance and familial occurrence have all been proposed, but no substantive evidence exists to support any of these hypotheses. Multiplanar reformatting of axial scans and 3-dimensional reconstruction permit precise reproduction of the shape and size of the coronoid and malar structures, and relationships of all structures of the temporal and infratemporal fossae. This case shows remarkably increased mouth opening by coronoidectomy in a patient who complained of trismus due to hyperplasia of coronoid process.
Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Mandible ; Mouth ; Reproduction ; Trismus* ; Wills

Metastatic urethral tumor is extremely rare. We report a case of anterior urethral and hepatic metastasis from a rectal adenocarcinoma developed 17 months after radical resection of rectal cancer. The patient was performed suprapubic cystostomy for management of voiding difficulty, thereafter, died 4 months after presentation.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cystostomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Rectal Neoplasms

The authors would like to delete the acknowledgement part.

Leukemic infiltration of the penis is an extremely rare entity. A case involving the penile shaft is described, and the relevant evaluation and treatment are discussed. Only 3 other documented cases of penile leukemia have been found in the literature. The identification and treatment of the underlying etiology are important aspects with this unusual disease entity.
Leukemia ; Leukemic Infiltration* ; Male ; Penis*