No abstract available.
Humans

Objective: Sleep affects the development and severity of psychiatric symptoms in children, and maternal personality traits may influence children’s sleep. We aimed to confirm the longitudinal effect of maternal personality traits on children’s sleep disturbance using cohort data from the Panel Study on Korean Children. Methods: Maternal personality traits were assessed using the Personality Assessment Inventory in 2009, and the sleep disturbance of children was assessed using parent survey data from 2010 to 2014 (2nd−6th waves). Among the 11 clinical scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory, the 5 scales that showed the most significant correlations were analyzed. Presence or absence of child sleep disturbance was evaluated with a chi-square test, and the effect of the Personality Assessment Inventory was assessed by a binary logistic regression analysis with child sleep disturbance as the dependent variable. Results: Of the 171 mother-child dyads, 92 were classified into the sleep disturbance group and 79 were classified into the normal sleep group. Maternal somatic concerns showed a significant relationship with children’s sleep disturbance at years 2 and 3. Maternal borderline features demonstrated a significant relationship with children’s sleep disturbance from years 2 to 5. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between high borderline features and children’s sleep disturbance at years 2 and 3. Conclusion High maternal borderline features evaluated at child age 1 were related to sleep disturbance in early childhood. In assessing a children’s sleep problems, it may be important to examine mothers’ dysfunctional personality traits.

PURPOSE: We determined the efficacy and safety of a relatively high dose of terazosin (5mg) in Korean patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), with or without concomitant hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July to December 2006, 200 men who consecutively presented with LUTS were prospectively studied. Eight weeks after treatment, blood pressure (BP), uroflowmetry, and International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) were assessed. For analysis purposes, patients were stratified according to concomitant hypertension. Of the 200 patients, 173 completed the scheduled eight-week treatment period. RESULTS: At baseline, no differences were evident in the two groups in terms of I-PSS, Qmax, PVR and BP. After eight weeks of treatment-although I-PSS and uroflowmetry parameters were not significantly different in the two groups-systolic and diastolic BP in the non-hypertensive control group were higher than in the hypertensive group (p= 0.001 and p=0.0100, respectively). Changes in I-PSS, uroflowmetry parameters, and BPs measured at week eight post- treatment commencement did not significantly differ between the two groups. Moreover, the addition of 5mg of terazosin to antihypertensives did not cause a significant reduction in either systolic or diastolic BP in either group. CONCLUSION: Adding terazosin to existing antihypertensive regimens did not seem to increase the incidence of adverse events. Our findings suggest that 5mg terazosin is effective and that it has an acceptable safety profile as an add-on therapy for patients with LUTS and concomitant hypertension.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prazosin/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Prostate/drug effects/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Urodynamics/drug effects ; Urologic Diseases/complications/*drug therapy/ethnology

BACKGROUND: Intra-operative hypothermia adversely affects hemodynamics and post-operative recovery in cardiac surgery patients. This study evaluated the efficacy of active warming during the preanesthetic period on the prevention of intraoperative hypothermia in cardiac surgery patients. METHODS: After gaining the approval of Institutional Review Board and informed consent from the patients, sixty patients undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into control and prewarming group. The control group (n = 30) were managed with warm mattresses and cotton blankets, whereas the prewarming group (n = 30) were actively warmed with a forced-air warming device before anesthesia. Hemodynamic variables and temperature were recorded before anesthesia (Tpre) and at 30 min intervals after anesthesia (T30, T60, and T90). RESULTS: Before anesthesia, skin temperature was significantly higher in the prewarming group than in the control group. At T90, core temperature was significantly higher in the prewarming group than in the control group. Intraoperative hypothermia (core temperature < 35.5oC) developed by T90 in 78% of patients in the control group and 44% of patients in the prewarming group. Moreover, temperatures below 35oC developed in 58% of the conrol group and 17% of the prearming group. CONCLUSIONS: Active warming just before anesthesia reduced the incidence and degree of hypothermia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with no delay of anesthesia.
Anesthesia* ; Beds ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Incidence ; Informed Consent ; Skin Temperature ; Thoracic Surgery*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Prevalence* ; Seoul* ; Urolithiasis*

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of prostatitis symptoms in the general population by questionnaire survey and to measure the effect of prostatitis symptoms on quality of life(QOL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional community-based epidemiologic study was performed on 2,034 men, living in the Seoul metropolitan area using stepwise random sampling. Out of 2,034 interviewees, 1,356 men who were older than 40 and provided sufficient information were selected for this study. The questionnaires were completed by well trained interviewers. Contents of the questionnaires included demographic data, the Prostatitis Symptom Index(PSI), the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS), a general health questionnaire section and a sexual health questionnaire section. The PSI was composed of a sum of the scores from three questions about dysuria, penile pain and perineal pain and it ranged 0 to 12. Incidence of prostatitis symptoms was defined by a score of 4 or more and the reference group was defined as consisting of those with a score of 3 or less. The rate of incidence of prostatitis symptoms was assessed according to age and the difference of QOL between the prostatitis symptoms group and the reference group. RESULTS: The overall positive rate of prostatitis symptoms measured by the PSI, in men older than 40, living in the Seoul metropolitan area, was 4.5%(61/1,356), adjusted to 4.8% by the relative proportion of this age group in the general population of the Seoul metropolitan area as compared to Korea and the World. The proportion of the group with prostatitis symptoms assessed by the PSI did not increase with age although the proportion of participants with moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) did increase with age. The group with prostatitis symptoms suffered from a much greater incidence of LUTS compared to the reference group (p<0.05). The QOL scores of the IPSS, and the general health and sexual health status of the group with prostatitis symptoms, were worse than those of the reference group.(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The positive rate of prostatitis symptoms in men older than 40, living in the Seoul metropolitan area, was 4.8% and it didn't increase with age. The general QOL of the group with prostatitis symptoms was much worse than that of the reference group.
Dysuria ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Prevalence ; Prostate ; Prostatitis* ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Reproductive Health ; Seoul

PURPOSE: To review the result of a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinomas and investigate whether an ipsilateral adrenalectomy, during a radical nephrectomy, has a favorable prognostic effect in patients with renal cell carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 365 patients, who underwent a radical nephrectomy, between January 1995 and December 1999, were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had unilateral renal cell carcinomas, and nephrectomies were performed either with (adrenalectomy group, 193 patients) or without (non-adrenalectomy group, 172 patients) an ipsilateral adrenalectomy. The survival rate was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. In conjunction with a univariate analysis, a multivariate analysis was performed, using a Cox regression analysis, to determine the independent prognostic factors. RESULTS: The ages of the adrenalectomy and non-adrenalectomy groups ranged from 21 to 78 (mean age: 54.7 years) and 28 to 77 years (mean age: 54.0 years), respectively. The durations of the follow-up periods in the adrenalectomy and non-drenalectomy groups were 62.4 and 62.6 months, respectively. There were no significant differences in the clinicopathological characteristics, including the T stage, between the two groups. The 3-year survival rates of the adrenalectomy and non-adrenalectomy group were 82.8 and 91.2%, respectively, and the 5-year survival rates were 75.4 and 85.3%, respectively (p=0.095). In the adrenalectomy group, distant metastasis, high T-stage and adrenal involvement were identified as prognostic factors by the multivariate statistical analysis (p=0.002, p=0.008 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that an ipsilateral adrenalectomy, during a radical nephrectomy, does not improve the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinomas.
Adrenalectomy* ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

INTRODUCTION: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now considered as an alternative treatment option for severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients who cannot undergo surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR). CASE REPORT: We describe the first Korean case of transaortic TAVI with mini-sternotomy using CoreValve. A 83-year-old woman with severe AS and recent history of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was referred to our institution for TAVI intervention. There was no amenable peripheral vascular access for transfemoral or trans-subclavian approach. Considering the relatively high procedural risk of transapical approach in this patient, we performed transaortic TAVI with mini-sternotomy. CONCLUSION: The present case suggests transaortic approach may be an effective and safe strategy for TAVI in high risk severe AS patients without eligible femoral or subclavian access routes.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; Aortic Valve* ; Female ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Vascular Access Devices

PURPOSE: The precise role of angiogenesis in prostate cancer should be defined. Several reports suggest that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) possesses a tumor suppressor function, possibly through its ability to inhibit tumor neovascularization. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the most important angiogenic factors in a solid tumor, has shown conflicting results on prostate cancer. Therefore, TSP-1 and VEGF expression in prostate cancer, and their relationship with the p53 status were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of VEGF, TSP-1 and p53 was assessed in 75 archival tissues from 23 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 22 localized prostate cancer, and 30 metastatic prostate cancer patients. The relationship between VEGF and TSP-1, and the p53 status, tumor grade and stage was evaluated in patients with prostate cancer. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a higher VEGF expression level (p<0.01) and a lower TSP-1 expression level (p<0.01) in prostate cancer compared to the BPH tissues. In addition, a higher VEGF expression level (p<0.05) and a lower TSP-1 expression level (p<0.05) in metastatic prostate cancer tissues were observed compared to the localized prostate cancer tissues. A significant inverse correlation was found between the TSP-1 and VEGF expression levels. There was a significant association between the VEGF expression level and the p53 status (p<0.05), but the TSP-1 expression level was not associated with the p53 status. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that angiogenic factors including VEGF and TSP-1 might play an important role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. These changes appear to be influenced by the p53 status.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Thrombospondin 1 ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dizziness has been known as a prognostic factor in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), but it is difficult to describe and quantify its subjective symptoms. Also, dizziness itself cannot imply vestibular dysfunction in SSHL. Comprehensive evaluation of vestibular function may help us understand the extent of lesions in sudden deafness. The purpose of this study is to determine whether an impaired caloric response is associated with disease severity and hearing outcome. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 488 patients diagnosed as unilateral SSHL. The patients were divided into two, an abnormal caloric group (canal paresis >20%) and normal caloric group (canal paresis ≤20%). Initial demographic and audiologic findings and final hearing outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The initial pure tone averages of SSHL patients of abnormal caloric group and normal caloric group were 75.4±28.4 dB HL and 68.2±25.4 dB HL (p=0.004), respectively. Patients of abnormal caloric test group showed worse hearing outcome across all frequencies compared to those of the normal caloric group. Also, a significant correlation was noted between the magnitude of hearing recovery and canal paresis (r=-0.223, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: SSHL patients of abnormal caloric test showed worse initial hearing level and poorer hearing outcome. Evaluation of vestibular function in SSHL patients is important because subjective symptoms alone cannot account for vestibular hypofunction patients, and the caloric test can help in the counseling of patients and prediction of hearing outcome in SSHL patients.
Caloric Tests* ; Counseling ; Dizziness ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hearing Loss, Sudden* ; Humans ; Methods ; Paresis ; Retrospective Studies