The old flexor tendon injury in the hand seen after 4 weeks from damage and associated with crushing injury, heavy scarring, fracture and infectious state has the difficulty to deliver the flexor tendon through fibro-osseous sheath and the pulleys. Treatment method depends on the circumstances of the injured flexor tendon and surgeons' judgement. We have treated twenty-three fingers of twenty-three cases, who had old flexor tendon injury, by advancement and tenolysis in 1 each, tendon graft in 5, and staged tendon graft in 16 from March 1989 through February 1994. The result was summarized as follows. 1. The old flexor tendon injury most commonly occurred in the fifth finger(11 cases, 47.8%)and in zone II (16 cases, 69.6%). 2. The most common cause was glass injury(15 cases, 69.6%). 3. 21 of 23 cases(2 thumbs excepted)were evaluated according to the original Strickland system. 14 cases of the staged tendon graft showed excellent(6 cases, 42.9%), good(5 cases, 35.7%)and fair(3 cases, 21.4%). 5 cases of the tendon graft showed excellent(2 cases, 40%), good(1 case, 20%), and fair(2 cases, 40%). 1 case of adhesiolysis and 1 case of advancement showed excellent and good results each. Little difference is observed in the method between the staged graft and tendon graft. 4. The degree of the associated soft tissue injury should be evaluated by the experienced hand surgeon before surgery and the delicate balance between protection and mobilization during the postoperative weeks is important as well as the surgical skill.
Cicatrix ; Fingers ; Glass ; Hand ; Methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Thumb ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecological operations. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of suturing methods of vaginal cuff between laparoscopic and vaginal approach. METHODS: One hundred and sixty one cases of laparoscopic hysterectomy were devided into two groups. In group A(n=67), vaginal cuff was sutured by laparoscopic suture technique and in group B(n=94), vaginal cuff was repaired by vaginal approach. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in uterine weight, hospital stay, pre-and postoperative hemoglobin level and complications including febrile morbidity in two groups. Operation time was significantly shorter in group B(p=0.05). CONCLUSION: Transvaginal repair of vaginal cuff showed shorter duration of operation time than laparoscopic suture technique in total laparoscopichy sterectomy.
Hysterectomy* ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Suture Techniques

No abstract available.
Extraembryonic Membranes* ; Placenta*

Two cases of ectopic kidney were reported in conjunction with review of literatures. The ectopic kidneys, measuring 13 cm-,15 cm in length of their ureter, were located between the L3 .and S1. Operative removal of the ectopic kidney disclosed aberrant arteries in their both pole. histological examination revealed normal findings.
Arteries ; Kidney* ; Ureter

No abstract available.
Checklist* ; Child ; Child Behavior* ; Child* ; Conduct Disorder* ; Humans

We report two cases of recurrent BCC in a 51- year-old woman and a 39-year-old woman which had been misdiagnosed aind treated as pigrnented nevi. Complete surgical resections were done followed by reconstruction using local rhombic transposition flaps. Final cosmetic results were excellent and no local recurrence was noticed during one year follow-up.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nevus ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVES: Cell adhesion molecules may play a role in integrating amnionic membrane. The objective of this study was to prove E-cadherin mRNA and proteins in cultured human amnionic cells. METHODS: We cultured amnionic cells from 4 women undergoing cesarean section without labor. E-cadherin was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western ligend blotting. To demonstrate E-cadherin mRNA, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed. RESULTS: On immunohistochemistry, E-cadherin was abundantly showed on the cytoplasm of the cells. Western ligend blotting showed clear 120 kDa bands on four specimens, and relatively weak band on one specimen. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed 432 BP bands. CONCLUSION: We proved E-cadherin and its mRNA by immunohistochemistry, Western ligend blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in cultured human amnionic cells.
Amnion* ; Cadherins* ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cesarean Section ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Membranes ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger

The compartment syndrome was first described by Von Volkmann in 1872 and then many reports have been published. The anterior tibial compartment syndrome and the volar compartment syndrome of the forearm are well known, but the thenar compartment syndrome is very rare. A case of the thenar compartment syndrome developed with the CO poisoning was experienced and treated satisfactorily by the fasciotomy and secondary repair.
Compartment Syndromes ; Forearm ; Poisoning

We reviewed the records of thirty-four patients who had been managed with the Ilizarov technique for the comminuted intra- and extra-articular fractures and nonunion of the long bones with or with-out bone defect. The goal of this study is to analysis the clinical complications of the Ilizarov technique, and to find out the methods solving them. 1. This study comprises 34 patients who were treated by Ilizarov technique at the Chonbuk National University Hospital from March, 1992 to June, 1993. 2. Among 34 cases, 22 were comminuted intra- and extra-articular fractures, and 12 were nonunion of the long bones. 3. The complications were divided intd problem, obstacle and complication; problem in 16 cases, obstacle in 11 cases and complication in 6 cases. 4. We conclude that the Ilizarov technique is a useful method in management of the severe commi- nuted fractures and the nonunion of the long bones, but we have to consider the complication sincerely and endeavor to reduce them.
Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; Jeollabuk-do ; Methods

Mammography is the primary imaging modality for breast cancer detection; however, a high level of expertise is needed for its interpretation. To overcome this difficulty, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for breast cancer detection have recently been investigated. In this review, we describe the characteristics of AI algorithms compared to conventional computer-aided diagnosis software and share our thoughts on the best methods to develop and validate the algorithms. Additionally, several AI algorithms have introduced for triaging screening mammograms, breast density assessment, and prediction of breast cancer risk have been introduced.Finally, we emphasize the need for interest and guidance from radiologists regarding AI research in mammography, considering the possibility that AI will be introduced shortly into clinical practice.