No abstract available.
Classification* ; Joints*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Spouses*

Based on our experience with 23 frontotemporal reconstructions performed, this paper attempts to provide guidelines for appropriate selection among the four most commonly employed materials (e.g., autogenous parietal bone, silicone rubber, methylmethacrylate, and porous polyethylene) so that optimal results can be achieved. Clinical follow-up ranged from 6 to 91 months (mean 32 months). Every patient was analyzed clinically by ordinary scale method. The mean defect size was 134.8 cm2 in the silicone rubber, 36.5 cm2 in the methylmethacrylate, 17.4 cm2 in the autogenous bone graft and 7.3 cm2 in the porous polyethylene. The clinical assessment was excellent (mean, 29.3 points) in silicone rubber, excellent (mean, 28.6 points) in autogenous bone, excellent (mean, 26.8 points) in methylmethacrylate, and good (mean, 24.8 points) in polyethylene. To sum up, a large bony defect of congenital calvarial anomaly produced an excellent result using custom-made silicone implant. A relatively small bony defect with a scarred bed produced an excellent result using autogenous parietal bone grafting. Unexpected and medium-sized defect was reconstructed successfully through a simple procedure using methylmethacrylate. Porous Polyethylene was used at an incidental small defect because of its expensiveness.
Cicatrix ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methylmethacrylate ; Parietal Bone ; Polyethylene ; Silicone Elastomers ; Transplants

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death attributable to cancer in women. In view of the limitations of conventional predictable factors of the breast cancer, additional second-generation parameters would be valuable in selecting the patients who would be most likely to be beneficial from adjuvant therapy and breast reconstruction. The author investigated the HER2/neu gene amplification and the number of chromosome 17 in 39 cases of paraffin embedded breast cancer tissues, 20 cases without lymph node metastasis and 19 cases with lymph node metastasis, using fluorescent in situ hybridization(FISH) and compared the results with HER2/neu and p 53 protein expression detected by immunohistochemical method. Eleven cases fibroadenoma were used as benign tumor control. Numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 were found in 17 out 39 breast cancer cases (44%)(monosomy in 10 cases, 26%; trisomy in 3 cases, 8%; tetrasomy in 3 cases, 8%; polysomy in 1 case ,3%), and the frequency of each type aberration was not significantly different between the negative and positive groups in lymph node metastasis. Monosomy of chromosome 17 was found in 2 out of 11(12%) fibroadenoma cases. HER2/neu gene amplification was found in 8 out of 39 cases (19%) and other 2 cases revealed HER2/neu gene amplification in lymph node metastatic tumor only, not in original tumor. Fourteen out of 19 cases of breast cancer with lymph metastasis showed HER2/neu protein expression both in original and metastatic tumors. All of the six cases showing HER2/neu gene amplification in original and/or metastatic tumor revealed HER2/neu protein expression. The frequency of HER2/neu gene amplification in the 39 breast cancer cases was not different between metastatic and non-metastatic groups(p= 0.284). However, HER2/neu protein expression was increased significantly in the metastatic group(p=0.028). None of the 11 fibroadenoma cases revealed HER2/neu gene amplification or HER2/ neu protein expression. Nine out of 19 cases of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis showed p 53 protein accumulation in original tumor(47%), but 3 of them revealed p 53 protein accumulation only in original tumor. The frequency of p 53 protein accumulation was not significantly different between metastatic and non-metastatic groups. None of the 11 fibroadenoma cases revealed p 53 protein accumulation. In conclusion, there are no differences between the lymph node metastatic group and non-metastatic groups in numerical aberrations of the chromosome 17 , amplification of the HER2/neu gene expression and accumulation of the p 53 protein in breast cancer. However, the HER2/neu protein expression was increased significantly in lymph node metastatic group, so it could be one of the predictors of the metastasis in breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cause of Death ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17* ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Gene Amplification* ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mammaplasty ; Monosomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraffin ; Tetrasomy ; Trisomy

No abstract available.
Head*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Burns* ; Rats*

CT findings and comparison between clinical and CT staging were reviewed in 45 consecutive patients withbiopsy proven carcinoma of the cervix. CT was done for staging of primary untreted cercial cancer in 36 patientsand for diagnosis of recurrent cervical cancer or follow-up study 14 times in 9 patients . The results are asfollows; 1. As comparing with clinical staging in 36 cases, CT agreed with clinical stage in 19 cases (52.8%),upstaged in 10 cases(27.8%) and downstaged inn 7 cases (19.4%). 2. The main upstaged CT findings are detection ofunsuspected bladder or rectal invasion and paraaortic lymph node metastasis. Inadequate delineation ofintravaginal tumor was the leading causes of understage of CT than clinical one. 3. CT detected all 10 cases ofthe hydronephrosis shown by IVP and detected unsuspected bladder invasion in 3 cases. 4. CT was valuable in thediagnosis of recurrent tumor and follow-up study after treatment. 5. CT offeres distinct advantages over clinicalstaging and can be integrated into the present FIGO classification of uterine cervix carcinoma. CT can served asan initial radiological staging work-up of primary of recurrent cervical carcinoma.
Cervix Uteri ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Female cystourethritis is one of the most common urologic problems encountered in all age groups and it forms a greater proportion of the female patients on urologic practice. During the two-rear period (from March 1, 1977 to February 28, 1979), 208 cases of female cystourethritis were observed and the following results were obtained. 1) The age distribution is between 8 and 73 years of age, showing the highest incidence in 25 to 41 years of age (64.5%). 2) On duration of symptoms, 55.8% of cases were less than 1 week but 2.9% of cases were more than 5 years. 3) In order of frequency, the urinary symptoms were frequent urination in 57.7%, tenesmus in. 38.9% and dysuria in 30.8%. The extra-urinary symptoms were suprapubic discomfort in 49.0%. back pain in 30.8% and vaginal discharge in 13.0%. 4) On laboratory findings, normal urinalysis was revealed in 64.9% and bacteria was recovered in 25.5% of cases. Of vaginal smear, 56.4% of cases were normal. 5) The cystoscopic findings; trigonal hyperemia and swelling (37. 1%), trabeculation (28. 9%). localized hyperemia (21.6%) and normal (35. 1%). 6) Urethral endoscopic findings were classified with Kim`s classification: Group I : Almost normal urethra and bladder neck or with very mild mucosal changes 32 cases (16. 5%) Group II : Mild granular hyperemia of the urethral mucosa with almost normal bladder neck 55 case (28.4%). Group III : Marked bulbous and granular hyperemia of the urethral mucosa and mild bulbous bladder neck with a few pseudopolyps 92 cases (47.1%) Group IV : Marked bullous and granular hyperemia of the urethra and granular marked bullous bladder neck with many pseudopolyps 15 cases (7.7%)
Age Distribution ; Back Pain ; Bacteria ; Classification ; Dysuria ; Female* ; Humans ; Hyperemia ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Urethra ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Urination ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vaginal Smears

Macrostomia is a relatively rare malformation. There have been many surgical methods for the correction of macrostomia. The old method, a simple straight line closure , did not include reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle. Postoperatively, a depressed scar and severe contraction on the cheek were found, especially with animation. As a result, many authors have known that reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle was very important to avoid a depressed scar for the correction of macrostomia. The tendency toward lateral displacement of the reconstructed commissure has been attributed to linear scar contraction, and Z-plasty is advocated to prevent this deformity. However, we found that the Z-plasty scar may be conspicuous when the patient smiles. So we performed reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle to avoid a depressed scar, and straight line closure to avoid a conspicuous scar. In order to prevent linear scar contracture due to straight line closure, we overcorrected the new commissure. We treated 6 cases of macrostomia form May 1, 1996 to April 30, 1999 using straight line closure and reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle. Periods of follow-up were from 12 months to 35 months, with an average of 20,2 months. Every patient was analyzed clinically by ordinary scale method and anthropometrically by the ratio of abnormal distances to normal distances between cheilion and crista philtri. In 3 clinical assessments : symmetry of the commissure was excellent: degree of the scar at rest was good: and degree of depression with animation was excellent. The anthropometrical ratio was 1:1.05. Despite the fact that the linear scars were perpendicular to the minimal skin tension lines, the scars were inconspicuous. The muscle repair provided reconstruction to the modiolus and gave a natural appearance to the commissure, however it did not seem to provide sufficient bulkiness around the commissure. The straight line skin closure and repair of the orbicularis oris muscle provide effective functional and aesthetic reconstruction.
Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Macrostomia* ; Skin