Analgesics ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Orthopedics ; Pain, Postoperative ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Vomiting

Diplopia ; Epistaxis ; Facial Asymmetry ; Facial Bones ; Hemorrhage ; Incidence ; Maxillary Sinus ; Nasal Bone ; Orbit ; Trismus ; Zygoma

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Standard liver volume (SLV) is an important parameter that has been used as a reference value to estimate the graft matching in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). This study aimed to determine a reliable SLV formula for Korean adult patients as compared with the 15 SLV formulae from other studies and further estimate SLV formula by gender and body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Computed tomography liver volumetry was performed in 1,000 living donors for LDLT and regression formulae for SLV was calculated. Individual donor data were applied to the 15 previously published SLV formulae, as compared with the SLV formula derived in this study. Analysis for confounding variables of BMI and gender was also performed. RESULTS: Two formulae, "SLV (ml)=908.204xBSA-464.728" with DuBois body surface area (BSA) formula and "SLV (ml)=893.485xBSA-439.169" with Monsteller BSA formula, were derived by using the profiles of the 1,000 living donors included in the study. Comparison with other 15 other formulae, all except for Chouker formula showed the mean volume percentage errors of 4.8-5.4%. The gender showed no significant effect on total liver volume (TLV), but there was a significant increase in TLV as BMI increased. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that most SLV formulae showed a crudely applicable range of SLV estimation for Korean adults. Considering the volume error in estimating SLV, further SLV studies with larger population from multiple centers should be performed to enhance its predictability. Our results suggested that classifying SLV formulae by BMI and gender is unnecessary.
Adult* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Surface Area ; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)* ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver* ; Living Donors ; Reference Values ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBO) is defined as breathing 100% oxygen while in an enclosed system pressurized to greater than on atmosphere(sea level). This increased oxygen delivery furthers your body's ability to kill germs and to increase healing. HBO is a supplemental therapy to be used in addition to the current medical and surgical therapy you are receiving. HBO typically is used to complement treatments of medical problems such as bone infections, complication of radiotherapy, and certain chronic, non-healing wounds. On an emergency basis, the chamber also is used to treat problems such as carbon monoxide poisoning and the decompression sickness. We analysed stastically cases which are treated by hyperbaric oxygen therapy in point of oral and maxillofacial region on the Kangnam General Hospital for aid in comprehension and application of this therapy. Total 760 patients were treated at Gangnam Gneral Hospital from July 1996 to September 1999. They were classifed by region to Decompression sickness(DCS), Carbon monoxide poisoning(CO), General surgery(GS), Orthopedics(OS), Oral and Maxillofacial surgery(OMFS), others. Patients of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery were divided by diseses to Osteomyelitis, Osteoradionecrosis, Reconstruction, Bone graft, Difficult wounds, others. The results were as follows. 1. This institute conducts HBO therapy for DCS which takes up 62% and 10.5% for OMF region. 2. In OMF region, Osteomyelitis is 40%, Osteoradionecrosis is next, Bone graft, and Reconstruction is a row. 3. According to our precious study, HBO has been frequently conducted in OMF region compared to past, however, it is less actively conducted in this area for reserch than other conturies. Therefore, We need further application to the clinical use.
Carbon Monoxide ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; Complement System Proteins ; Comprehension ; Decompression ; Decompression Sickness ; Emergencies ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Osteomyelitis ; Osteoradionecrosis ; Oxygen* ; Radiotherapy ; Respiration ; Surgery, Oral ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal diabetes duration for bone regeneration experiments in an alloxan monohydrate (ALX)–induced diabetic rabbit calvarial defect model by evaluating the association between diabetes duration and bone healing capacity. METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were used. Twenty-two rabbits were injected with 100 mg/kg of ALX to induce experimental diabetes. These rabbits were divided into 4 groups, including a control group and groups with diabetes durations of 1 week (group 1), 2 weeks (group 2), and 4 weeks (group 3). Calvarial defects were created at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after ALX injection and in the control rabbits. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning was performed on the day of surgery and at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. The rabbits were sacrificed 4 weeks after surgery, followed by histological and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS: The diabetic state of all diabetic rabbits was well-maintained throughout the experiment. Reconstructed 3-dimensional CBCT imaging showed more rapid and prominent bone regeneration in the control group than in the experimental groups. Histological staining showed notable bone regeneration in the control group, in contrast to scarce bone formation in the experimental groups. The appearance and immunoreactivity of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B and osteoprotegerin did not show notable differences among the groups. CONCLUSION: ALX administration at 100 mg/kg successfully induced experimental diabetes in rabbits. The effect of diabetes on bone healing was evident when the interval between diabetes induction and the intervention was ≥1 week.
Alloxan ; Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoprotegerin ; Rabbits ; Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B

An elevated serum CA19-9 level is an indication of pancreatic and biliary tract cancer. However, it has recently become known that nonmalignant gastrointestinal diseases and a variety of nonmalignant respiratory diseases, such as idiopathic interstial pneumonia, collagen vascular disease associated lung diseases, diffuse panbronchiolitis and bronchiectasis, can also show an elevated serum CA19-9 level. We recently encountered a case of bronchiectasis with persistently elevated serum CA19-9, but without any evidence of malignant disease in endoscopic retrograde pancreatocholangiography, abdominal computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. After serial follow-up of 3 years and 10 months, there was still no evidence of cancer. It is believed that the elevated serum CA19-9 level was due to bronchiectasis. An elevated serum CA19-9 level should be interpreted carefully with the patients' clinical condition.
Biliary Tract Neoplasms ; Bronchiectasis ; Bronchiolitis ; Collagen ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Haemophilus Infections ; Lung Diseases ; Pneumonia ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Vascular Diseases

BACKGROUND: A diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion is clinically important, as the prognosis of lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion is poor. The diagnosis will be difficult if a cytological test is negative. This study was performed to investigate whether the detection of hypermethylation of the p16 (CDKN2A) and retinoic acid receptor b2 (RARB2) genes in pleural fluid is useful for a diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion. METHODS: Pleural effusion was collected from 43 patients and was investigated for the aberrant promoter methylation of the RARB2 and CDKN2A genes by use of methylation-specific PCR. Results were compared with findings from a pleural biopsy and from pleural fluid cytology. RESULTS: Of 43 cases, 17 cases of pleural effusion were due to benign diseases, and 26 cases were from lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion. Hypermethylation of the RARB2 and CDKN2A genes was not detected in the case of benign diseases, independent of whether or not the patients had ever smoked. In 26 cases of malignant pleural effusion, hypermethylation of RARB2, CDKN2A or either of these genes was detected in 14, 5 and 15 cases, respectively. The sensitivities of a pleural biopsy, pleural fluid cytology, hypermethylation of RARB2, hypermethylation of CDKN2A, or hypermethylation of either of the genes were 73.1%, 53.8%, 53.8%, 19.2%, and 57.7%, respectively; negative predictive values were 70.8%, 58.6%, 58.6%, 44.7%, and 60.7%, respectively. If both genes are considered together, the sensitivity and negative predictive value was lower than that for a pleural biopsy, but higher than that for pleural fluid cytology. The sensitivity of hypermethylation of the RARB2 gene for malignant pleural effusion was lower in small cell lung cancers than in non-small cell lung cancers. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that detection of hypermethylation of the RARB2 and CDKN2A genes showed a high specificity, and sensitivity was higher than for pleural fluid cytology. With a better understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer according to histological types at the molecular level, and if appropriate genes are selected for hypermethylation testing, more precise results may be obtained.
Biopsy ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Methylation ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; Smoke

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are rare cardiac anomalies. They can be congenital or acquired, and mainly involve the right or non-coronary sinuses. Unruptured aneurysms are usually asymptomatic unless they compress other structures or produce thrombi. A sinus of Valsalva aneurysm can also produce myocardial infarction through thrombus formation secondary to the turbulent flow in the Valsalva aneurysm. We report a case of a huge sinus of Valsalva aneurysm involving the noncoronary sinus, which was diagnosed as the presumed source of acute myocardial infarction.
Aneurysm ; Heart Atria ; Myocardial Infarction ; Sinus of Valsalva ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of our new video-assisted asthma education program on patients' knowledge regarding asthma and asthma control. METHODS: Adult asthmatics who were diagnosed by primary care physicians and followed for at least 1 year were educated via smart devices and pamphlets. The education sessions were carried out three times at 2-week intervals. Each education period lasted at most 5 minutes. The effectiveness was then evaluated using questionnaires and an asthma control test (ACT). RESULTS: The study enrolled 144 patients (mean age, 56.7±16.7 years). Half of the patients had not been taught how to use their inhalers. After participating in the education program, the participants' understanding of asthma improved significantly across all six items of a questionnaire assessing their general knowledge of asthma. The proportion of patients who made errors while manipulating their inhalers was reduced to less than 10%. The ACT score increased from 16.6±4.6 to 20.0±3.9 (p<0.001). The number of asthmatics whose ACT score was at least 20 increased from 45 (33.3%) to 93 (65.3%) (p<0.001). The magnitude of improvement in the ACT score did not differ between patients who received an education session at least three times within 1 year and those who had not. The majority of patients agreed to the need for an education program (95.8%) and showed a willingness to pay an additional cost for the education (81.9%). CONCLUSION: This study indicated that our newly developed education program would become an effective component of asthma management in primary care clinics.
Adult ; Asthma* ; Education* ; Humans ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Pamphlets ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Primary Health Care*