No abstract available.
Transurethral Resection of Prostate*

A number of chronic inflammatory lesions of unknown etiology in man have recentlybeen understood by the mechanism of so called auto-immune disease and a series of experimental study using animals have been extensively undertaken to reproduce the lesion. Experimental chronic inflammatory diseases induced by repeated injection of homologous or heterologous tissue antigen with adjuvant are based upon immunological process and these are readily reproducible. The author has experimentally studied on any allergic destruction of the epididymis of the rat on immunologic process as in other particular organs and tissue. A total of 59 white healthy male rats were divided into 7 major experimental groups of injection as follows. Group 1: six rats, control, injection with normal saline alone. Group 2: six rats, injection with adjuvant only. Group 3: six rats. injection with epididymal tissue only. Group 4: twenty-three rate, injection with rat epididymal tissue plus adjuvant. A. seven rats, sacrificed on the 64th day B. ten rate, sacrificed on the 92nd day C. six rats, sacrificed on the 128thday Group 5. six rate, injection with rat epididymal tissue plus adjuvant plus prednisolone. Group 6: six rats, injection with rabbit epididymal tissue only Group 7: six rats, injection with rabbit epididymal tissue plus adjuvant Injections were given into the abdominal muscle of the rat once s week for 8 weeks as scheduled in the text and the animals of all groups except the group 4, were sacrificed 8 days after the final injection. In the group 4, animals were further divided into 3 subgroups which were sacrificed on the 61st, 92nd and l28th day of the experiment, respectively. The epididymis and other organs of allexperimental animals were studied histopathologically and the following results were obtained; 1. In all rats of the group 1 receiving homologous epididymal tissue with adjuvant, the epididymis revealed relatively marked and significant inflammatory changes. Histopathology included edema, congestion, fibrosis in the interstitial tissue, and infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils. Flattening and hyperplasia of the epithelial cells and cellular exsudation were observed in the tubules. 2. In the group 1, the lapse of time after injection provoked more marked inflammatory changes. Diffusely mild or moderate degree of inflammation observed on 61st day, was changed to diffusely moderate or marked inflammation on 92nd day and then to significantly more chronic lesion with less exsudation and more fibrosis on 128th day. 3. Homologous tissue antigen without adjuvant andheterologous tissue antigen with or without adjuvant caused no inflammatory changes. 4. Inflammatory changes induced by homologous tissue antigen with adjuvant seem to be readily inhibited or prevented by simultaneous administration of prednisolone.
Abdominal Muscles ; Animals ; Edema ; Eosinophils ; Epididymis ; Epididymitis* ; Epithelial Cells ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fibrosis ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Plasma Cells ; Prednisolone ; Rats

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prostate*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prostate*

MPL 9000 lithotriptor may be characterized by ultrasonic localization, automatic target system, water cushion and under water spark gap generation of shock wave. In an effort to evaluate clinical efficiency of this machine, we analyzed therapeutic results of 250 cases of urinary calculi treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) using MPL 9000 lithotriptor. Technically it was difficult to visualize the upper ureter stones with ultrasonic scanning, so all of them were pushed up before treatment. For staghorn stones or large stones, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) or ureteral stenting were performed before treatment selectively. The overall stone free rate. at 4 weeks after last session, was 89.2% while that of stones larger than 3cm was 50%. The complications such as gross hematuria, flank pain, steinstrasse and fever were controlled successfully by conservative treatment. In conclusion, ESWL with MPL 9000 might be successful in most patients with urolithiasis but in cases of large renal stone or upper ureteral stone auxiliary procedures will be required.
Fever ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ultrasonics ; Ureter ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urolithiasis

PURPOSE: The isoflavones in soy are likely to contribute to the historically low incidence of breast cancer among Asian women who consume traditional diets. The possible role of isoflavones in controlling the expression of p27(kip1) and p57(kip2) has not been previously explored. In this study, the ability of the isoflavone, genistein, to regulate the expression of p27(kip1) and p57(kip2) in breast cancer cells was evaluated. METHODS: The effects of genistein was examined on the expression of p27(kip1) and p57(kip2) at the mRNA level, using the MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS: By genistein treatment, p27(kip1) mRNA increased significantly in comparison to the control group. In particular, p27(kip1) mRNA level in 10 micrometer and 50 micrometer genistein treated- groups increased about two-folds more than the control. p57(kip2) mRNA was not different from control group. p57(kip2) mRNA decreased slightly only in the 50 micrometer genistein treated-group. PPAR-gamma mRNA level increased slightly according to the concentration-dependent manner of genistein, but it was not significantly different. Conclusions: These results suggest that the up-regulated p27(kip1) by genistein might contribute to cancer prevention or inhibition.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cell Line ; Diet ; Female ; Genistein* ; Humans* ; Incidence ; Isoflavones ; RNA, Messenger

PURPOSE:The most important regulatory factor for IGF-I and IGFBP-3 known so far GH and food intake. Poor nutrition in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) increase morbidity during treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the changes of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration during induction chemotherapy in 13 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. METHODS:13 children aged between 1.6 and 13.5 years with ALL were studied the changes of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration before, at 2 and 4 weeks after induction chemotherapy. Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured using radioimmunoassay. Results : 1) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration before induction chemotherapy in ALL patient was significantly lower than the those of normal control(p<0.05). 2) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration at 2 weeks of induction chemotherapy were significantly higher than the those of the basal levels (p<0.05). 3) Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentration at 4 weeks after induction chemotherapy were significantly higher than the those of the basal levels (p<0.05). Conclusion : Concentration of serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in patients with ALL were significantly increased during induction chemotherapy. These results are probably related to improvement of nutritional status following induction chemotherapy.
Child* ; Eating ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Nutritional Status ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Radioimmunoassay

Priapism is a persistent penile erection that continues for hours beyond, or is unrelated to, sexual stimulation. Priapism requires a prompt evaluation and usually requires an emergency management. There are two types of priapism: 1) ischemic (veno-occlusive or low-flow), which is found in 95% of cases, and 2) nonischemic (arterial or high-flow). Stuttering (intermittent or recurrent) priapism is a recurrent form of ischemic priapism. To initiate appropriate management, the physician must decide whether the priapism is ischemic or nonischemic. In the management of an ischemic priapism, resolution should be achieved as promptly as possible. Initial treatment is therapeutic aspiration with or without irrigation of the corpora. If this fails, intracavernous injection of sympathomimetic agents is the next step. Surgical shunts should be performed in cases involving failure of nonsurgical treatment. The first management of a nonischemic priapism should be observation. Selective arterial embolization is recommended for the management of nonischemic priapism in cases that request treatment. The goal of management for stuttering priapism is prevention of future episodes. This article provides a review of recent clinical developments in the medical and surgical management of priapism and an investigation of scientific research activity in this rapidly developing field of study.
Emergencies ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Priapism* ; Stuttering ; Sympathomimetics

We noticed a group of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine fractures showing a unique fracture pattern that consisted of 1) superior disc injury, 2) crush fracture of the upper half of the vertebral body, 3) sagittal fracture of the lower half of the vertebral body, 4) bone fragments in the spinal canal, and 5) lamina fracture. Some of these fracture patterns were present in type B burst fracture of Denis classification. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference between crush-cleavage fracture and type B burst fracture in the viewpoint of neural canal involvement and neurologic status, and functional outcome with surgical treatment. Ten cases were identified as crush-cleavage fractures in 22 type B burst fractures during a 5 year period from Mar. 1989 to Jun. 1993 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital. Four out of 10 crush-cleavage fractures and 4 out of 12 type B burst fractures were paraparetic. Crush-cleavage fracture must be an unstable thoracolumbar comminuted fracture, but there were no significant differences in the neural canal involvement, incidence of neurologic deficit, and in the functional outcome, compared with type B burst fracture (P>0.05). It could be classified as a progressed form of type B burst fracture in Denis classification, or as a burst-split fracture in Magerl classification in the anatomical viewpoint. In conclusion, crush-cleavage fracture must be a variant of burst fracture.
Classification ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Neural Tube ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orthopedics ; Spinal Canal ; Spine

PURPOSE: We evaluated the prognostic factors affecting the patients' survival and analyzed the effect of the adjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy after nephroureterectomy for patients with advanced (T3, T4) transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the upper urinary tract (UUT) with compared to surgery only group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 33 patients diagnosed with upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma at our institution from 1988 to 1999, 20 patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter underwent nephroureterectomy and follow-up. 5 patinets were treated nephroureterectomy only, and 15 patients were treated with nephroureterectomy plus adjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy. Prognostic factors such as age, bladder invasion, IVP finding, tumor stage, tumor grade, and tumor multiplicity were investigated. RESULTS: The mean age was 61 years old (38-75). The tumor stage (T3; 10 cases, T4; 10 cases) was not of benefit in predicting survival. Other prognostic factor such as bladder invasion, IVP finding, tumor multiplicity were not correlated with survival rate. The treatment method (nephroureterectomy only group-13.2 months vs. adjuvant M-VAC group-115 months), and tumor grade (GII; 12 cases, 39.2 months vs. GIII; 8 cases, 16.3 months) has significant prognostic value in survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: Many prognostic factors such as age, bladder invasion, IVP finding, stage and tumor multiplicity have no influence on the survival of patients with UUT TCC while tumor grade seems to be correlated with the survival. Survival rate of studied M-VAC group is superior to that of control surgery-only group. So adjuvant M-VAC chemotherapy is the valuable and tolerable treatment moldality in order to prolong the survival time for the patients with high stage UUT TCC.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Drug Therapy* ; Factor Analysis, Statistical* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract*