No abstract available.
Subcutaneous Tissue*

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Lower Extremity*

Fractures of the tibial shaft are the most common among the long bone fractures, and have much difficulty in treatment due to their numerous complications. Thirty patients with fractures of the tibial shaft were treated with Ender nails under the image intensifier at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital from December 1986 to November 1991. The following results were observed. 1. The average age was 37.3 years and the number of male was three times of the female. The most common cause was traffic accident. 2. Twenty cases out of thirty one were closed fracture and the remaining 11 were open. The comminuted and segmental fractures were 18 (57.7%) in number and the most common fracture site was the middle one third (53%). 3. Average interval from injury to operation was 7.6 days and 19 cases showed associated injuries. 4. The mean duration of the bone union was 18.9 weeks and 2 cases showed the delayed union. 5. Twelve complications were noted such as shortening, varus deformity, delayed union, ankle motion limitation, nail irritation, and soft tissue infection.
Accidents, Traffic ; Ankle ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Closed ; Humans ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Tibia*

No abstract available.
Acceleration* ; Lasers, Semiconductor* ; Wound Healing* ; Wounds and Injuries*

It is difficult to treat the complete cleft lip because of wide cleft and malaligned alveolar process, outward rotation of greater(medial) alveolar segment, and severe nasal deformity. Lip adhesion without presurgical orthopedic appliance was performed on 8 consecutive infants with unilateral complete cleft of the primary palate before denfinitive lip repair with Millard I procedure. Among 8 patients, 6 patients had complete unilateral cleft lip with alveolar cleft only and 2 patients were accompanied with complete cleft palate. All patients had more than a 10-mm-wide lip cleft with alveolar arch discrepancy. Lip adhesions were performed at 1-2 months of age and definitive repair was done at 5-6 months of age. Lip adhesions were performed by Randall's method and cheiloplasty was done by Millard I technique. Satisfactory results of lip and nose were obtained aesthetically in 8 cases after an average follow-up of 32 months. The vertical height of the medial and lateral lip segment were a symmetric appearance, while the vermilion tubercle, philtrum, and Cupid's bow were natural. Disadvantages included increased operating time and the sacrifice of same-lip tissue. In conclusion, preliminary lip adhesion can have better functional, esthetic and emotional results since the disadvantages are minor compared to the advantages.
Alveolar Process ; Cleft Lip* ; Cleft Palate ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Lip* ; Nose ; Orthopedics ; Palate

PURPOSE: Human bocavirus (hBoV), a recently discovered virus, has been detected in children with respiratory tract infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency and molecular phylogeny of hBoV in the respiratory samples of children with acute respiratory tract infections in 2010. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 953 children with lower respiratory tract infections at Severance children's hospital in Korea from January 2010 to December 2010. We applied the multiplex PCR technique for the identification of 12 respiratory viruses from the samples. Among the total specimens, hBoV positive samples were subjected to phylogenetic analysis by sequencing a fragment of the VP1/VP2 gene junction. RESULTS: hBoV was detected in 141 (14.8%) among 953 patients. The 61.7% of hBoV-positive samples were found to co-exist with other respiratory viruses. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that all 141 hBoV-positive isolates were identified as hBoV 1, revealing a high similarity among the isolates (>98%). CONCLUSION: hBoV 1 with minimal sequence variations circulated in children with acute respiratory infections during 2010. More research is needed to determine the clinical severity and outcomes of the minimal sequence variations.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Human bocavirus ; Humans ; Korea ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Phylogeny ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Viruses

Zonisamide was administered to 20 patients with refractory epileptic seizures. The mean duration of the administration was 6 months, and the mean dosage was 7.2 mg/kg/day. The efficacy of zonisamide was rated remarkable in 15% of the cases, improvement in 40%, and no change in 45%. The response rates of zonisamide were 62.5% for myoclonic seizures, 50% for tonic-clonic seizures, 80% for atonic seizures and 33.3% for atypical absence seizures. There was no correlation between the clinical response and dose or serum concentration of the drug. The adverse effects were observed in 35% of the cases which were drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, nausea, and vomiting. In all cases, however, the administration of zonisamide could be continued.
Ataxia ; Child* ; Dizziness ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Absence ; Humans ; Nausea ; Seizures ; Sleep Stages ; Vomiting

In correction of ptosis, symmetry of lid contour, lash position and lid height must be matched. Most of blepharoptosis patients want to perform both the double eyelid operation and ptosis repair at the same time to achieve the best cosmetic and functional result. Using a surgical technique directed at the levator aponeurosis or the frontalis muscle with double eyelid operation, we corrected 13 cases of unilateral and 10 cases of bilateral congenital blepharoptosis. In unilateral ptosis with good or fair levator function, levator resection was performed and the position of the lid margin was adjusted at 1~2 mm below the superior limbus. The height of the lid crease of the ptotic eye is determined 1~3 mm lower than that of normal side. The position of the lid margin is adjusted at the level of the superior limbus and the height of the lid crease of the ptotic eye is determined 2~4 mm lower than that of nonptotic side. The advantages of this approach are normal anatomic planes of the eyelid are maintained, to obtain symmetry of both eyelids relatively easily, entropion may be prevented, and to achieve aesthetically pleasing results.
Blepharoptosis* ; Entropion ; Eyelids* ; Humans

From May 1988 to January 1997 authors had experienced 13 cases of recurred blepharoptosis. Previous operative procedures were frontalis muscle suspension in 10 cases and levator resection in 3 cases. Follow up period ranged from 11 months to 9 years. We have treated recurred blepharoptosis using frontalis myofascial flap, orbicularis oculi muscle flap and levator resection in accordance with the postoperative levator function and degree of ptosis of patient and considering previous operative technique. The results were that 12 patients have gained the levator excursion over 7 mm and reduced the height difference between both palpebral fissures less than 2 mm after reoperation (good in 6 cases and satisfactory in 6 cases). From these results we might conclude that the frontalis myofascial flap technique is a good secondary blepharoptosis operation for patient with less than 2 mm of levator function, orbicularis oculimuscle flap technique with 2-4 mm of levator function, levator resection with over than 4 mm of levator function. The expert technique and experience are also important factor for the treatment of recurred blepharoptosis.
Blepharoptosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Reoperation ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

The key points of treatment of cryptotia are the elevation of invaginated ear helix and the correction of deformed cartilage. Prevention of stabilized cartilage contouring from returning to the previous state is also important. The authors carried cartilage plasty by modified Fukuda's method that several incisions are made along the crus, and then the crus is flattened using mattress suture in cases of mild cartilage deformity. In cases of severe cartilage deformity, the cartilage plasty by Onizuka method was carried. The cartilage graft from cavum on concha served as a splint for prevention of recurrence of cartilage deformities. We have repaired 13 cryptotic deformities in 9 patients with aesthetically satisfactory results using vertical incision at the superior crus of antihelix with mattress suture or cartilage graft from cavum of concha for cartilage correction.The correction of deformed cartilage by modified Fukida or Onizuka method is a good option for the treatment of cryptotia.
Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Humans ; Recurrence ; Splints ; Sutures ; Transplants