Multiplex PCR for three STRs of same repetition unit [GATA]n, 4804LR[D12S66], 27H39LR[DYS19] and 4815LR[D12S67] loci, was constructed for forensic application DNA was extracted from 200 unrelated Koreans and amplified with a mixture of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, so called Amp-FLP procedure. Three loci could be co-amplified in a reaction with easy, and reaction condition was not so quite different from that of each locus. The PCR products of each locus could be separated bp, and 4815LR from 241 bp to 281 bp, so these alleles of each locus could be separated on a single electrophoresis. A total of six alleles was noted in 4804LR and heterozygosity was 0.5764. The allele 11 and allele 12 were frequently noted with the frequency of 0.6225 and 0.1775, respectively. Sequencing was done for 2 alleles, and the exact size of the alleles and the repetition unit were confirmed. Through statistical analysis forensic applicability of the STR 4804LR locus was confirmed. For 4815LR and heterozygosity was 0.5764. The allele 11 and llele 12 were frequently noted with the frequency of 0.6225 and 0.1775, respectively. Sequencing was done for 2 alleles, and the exact size of the alleles and the repetition unit were confirmed. Through statistical analysis forensic applicability of the STR 4804LR locus was confirmed. For 4815LR locus the amplification was successful, but the separation of the alleles on routine polyacrylamide gel was not successful. Some alleles was hardly separable, some alleles did not match the allelic ladder exactly, so the interallele was suspicious. On sequencing gel the electrophoresis pattern was quite different with that of routine polyacrylamide gel. A total of 11 allele was noted in 4815LR and heterozygosity was 0.765. For the routine use of the 4815LR locus, more meticulous method for the separation of the alleles such as using automatic DNA sequencer was necessary.
Alleles ; DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an inborn error of purine metabolism resulting from hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) deficiency and leading to excess purine production and uric acid over-production. It is a very rare X-linked recessive disorder, characterized by movement disorder, cognitive deficits, and self-injurious behavior. However, because of the high incidence of calculi, patients may present for surgery of urinary tract, and have increased risk of difficult intubation, aspiration pneumonia, renal insufficiency or sudden death. We report the case of a 5-year-old boy with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome who underwent successive extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy under general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Calculi ; Child ; Death, Sudden ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation ; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome ; Lithotripsy ; Movement Disorders ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Preschool Child ; Purines ; Renal Insufficiency ; Self-Injurious Behavior ; Uric Acid ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Juvenile*

BACKGROUND: One of the most common side effects of antidepressant medication is orthostatic hypotension, which can be caused by impaired vasoconstriction. This study was designed to compare the inhibitory effects of antidepressants, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), on the contractile responses to alpha1-adrenergic receptor activation and depolarization in isolated rat aorta. METHODS: Vascular rings were suspended for the measurement of isometric tension in a water-jacketed bath filled with Tyrode solution. After pretreatment with antidepressant for 20 min, vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine (NE) or 35 mM K+ was measured and compared to the control response. RESULTS: Whereas trazodone and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) selectively inhibited NE-induced vasoconstriction, SSRIs inhibited depolarization-induced vasoconstriction more potently. The IC50 value of fluoxetine on depolarization- induced vasoconstriction was 3.29 microM, which is consistent with the previous results on L-type Ca2+ currents of cardiac myocyte. Moclobemide, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, had no effect on vasoconstriction induced by either alpha- adrenergic receptor activation, or depolarization. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SSRIs, different from TCAs and trazodone, have potent inhibitory actions to depolarization-induced contraction that may be due to blocking Ca2+ entry through L-type Ca2+ channel.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Aorta* ; Baths ; Fluoxetine ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Moclobemide ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Norepinephrine ; Rats* ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors* ; Trazodone ; Vasoconstriction*

No abstract available.
Poland Syndrome* ; Poland*

Antifungal bacteria for biological control of plant diseases or production of novel antibiotics to plant pathogens were isolated in 1997 from various soils of Ansung, Chunan, Koyang, and Paju in Korea. Sixty-four bacterial strains pre-screened from approximately 1,400 strains were tested on V-8 juice agar against eight plant pathogenic fungi using in vitro bioassay technique for inhibition of mycelial growth. Test pathogens were Alternaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. A wide range of antifungal activity of bacterial strains was found against the pathogenic fungi, and strain RC-B77 showed the best antifungal activity. Correlation analysis between inhibition of each fungus and mean inhibition of all eight fungi by 64 bacterial strains revealed that C. gloeosporioides would be best appropriate for detecting bacterial strains producing antibiotics with potential as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.
Agar ; Alternaria ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria* ; Biological Assay ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Colletotrichum ; Fungi ; Fusarium ; Gyeonggi-do ; Korea ; Magnaporthe ; Mali ; Mass Screening* ; Phytophthora ; Plant Diseases ; Plants* ; Rhizoctonia ; Soil*

This is to report the technique of reversed iliac leg stent-graft in endovascular treatment for isolated internal iliac artery (IIA) aneurysm, which had significant size discrepancy between the common iliac artery (CIA) and external iliac artery (EIA) in 3 patients from different hospitals. Three patients were a 85- and two 82-year-old men. Treated were right IIA aneurysms, sized 6.5x6.2 cm, 5.0x4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm in longest diameter, respectively. The diameters of the right CIA and right EIA measured 21 mm/11 mm, 15 mm/11 mm, and 20 mm/10 mm, respectively. In all cases, reversed iliac leg stent-grafts were prepared on-site; unsheathed and mounted upside-down manually, and deployed in each right CIA. Post-stent-graft angiograms showed complete exclusion of the aneurysms, except for minimal type 1 endoleak in one case. This technique is a useful treatment option in patients with isolated IIA aneurysm.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aneurysm* ; Endoleak ; Endovascular Procedures ; Humans ; Iliac Aneurysm ; Iliac Artery* ; Leg* ; Male

A study was made of 104cases of neonatal hyperbiliruinemia receiving blood exchange transfusion at Kwangju Christian Hospital from January 1969 to December 1975, with the following results: 1. 52 patients(50%) returned for follow-up, 9 patients(8.7%) had died, and 43 patients(41.3%) did not return. 2. Of the 52 patients returning, developmental status was studied by D.D.S.T. 43 patients(82.7%) had normal development, 8(15.4%) were retarded, and 1(1.9%) was questionable. No patients had a failing score. Most of the retarded patients had cerebral palsy, due to kernicterus. 3. There was no retardation among patients exchange-transfused at age of less than 5days, or over 8 days(except 1 pts.) , and with less than 30mg% of Pre-B.E.T. serum bilirubin level. 4. No significant difference of sex incidence was noted. 5. ABO incompatibility (57%) was predominant as the etiology and main cause of retarded development (19.4%), but the idiopathic type of hyperbilirubinemia(41.3%) was interestingly high among these B.E.T. patients. 6. Mean value and standard error of pre-B.E.T. serum bilirubin levels are as follows: Normal development group:30.80+/-1.60 Retarded development group:38.83+/-2.35 The difference of men values between both groups is very significant according to the t-test. 7. Motor disturbance was the predominant handicap in retarded patients at ages less than 3 years, and after this there was a tendency toward recovery, accompanied by mild speech disturbance. Hearing loss, especially of high pitched tone, was noted in 1 patient and confirmed by audiometry.
Audiometry ; Bilirubin ; Cerebral Palsy ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Gwangju ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia* ; Incidence ; Kernicterus ; Male

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Sterilization, Tubal*

Almost always patients with multiple neurofibromatosis show cafe-au-lait macules on their skin. At times the skin macules are seen even before the appearance of the neurofibromata in childhood. The author experienced one case of neurofibromatosis in a 12-year-old boy who has no cafe-au-lait macules. Besides the clinical peculiarity of having no skin pigmentation, the histopathology of the case showed well-formed double-palisading structure, which is not common among the micro-scopical findings of neurofibromata.
Child ; Humans ; Male ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Skin ; Skin Pigmentation