STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Resonance frequency analysis has been increasingly served as a noninvasive and objective method for clinical monitoring of implant stability. Many clinical studies must be required for standardized data using RFA. PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate RFA value changes in two anodized implant groups. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Among a total of 24 implants, twelve screw shaped implants as a test group (H2-R8.5) were manufactured, which had a pitch-height of 0.4 mm, an outer diameter of 4.3 mm, a length of 8.5 mm, and external hexa-headed, were turned from 5 mm rods of commercially pure titanium (ASTM Grade IV, Warantec Co., Seoul, Korea), and another twelve implants as a control group were Branemark Ti-Unite MK4 (diameter 4.0 mm, length 8.5 mm). Each group was installed in tibia of rabbit. Two implants were placed in each tibia (four implants per rabbit). Test two implants were inserted in right side and control two in left side. ISQ values were measured using Osstell(TM) (Integration Diagnostics Ltd. Sweden) during fixture installation, and 12 weeks later and evaluated the RFA changes. RESULTS: Mean and SD of baseline ISQ values of test group were 75.0 +/- 3.4 and 68.7 +/- 8.1 for control group. Mean and SD of ISQ values 12 weeks after implant insertion were 73.2 +/- 4.7 for test group and 72.6 +/- 3.9 for control group. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in ISQ values after 3months (P>0.05). From the data, RFA gains after 3 months were calculated, and there was statistically significant difference between groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Although there were RFA changes between groups, implant stability after experimental period shows alike tendency and good bone responses.
Seoul ; Tibia ; Titanium

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bonding strengths and debonding patterns of the ceramic brackets attached on the crystal which were grown on the enamel surface of a tooth with different concentrations of lithium sulphate-contained polyacrylic acid in different application times. Four kinds of concentrations of mixed solutions were made and applied to the enamel surface on extracted human premolars. The solutions were made by adding 0.3M or 0.6M of lithium sulfate to 50% or 65% of polyacrylic acid with 0.3M sulfuric acid. The solutions were applied for 30 or 60 seconds. After bonding, a universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength, and then observations were made of debonding patterns through the stereoscope. And the enamel surface was observed through the scanning electron microscope to examine the pattern of crystal growth and debonding. The results were as follows: 1, Shear bond strength in the enamel surface treated with 50% polyacrylic acid was higher than that with 65% polyacrylic acid. 2. There were no statistical differences in shear bond strength according to concentration of lithium sulfate and application time of solutions. 3. Enamel surface was almost free of resin debris after debonding. 4. Enamel surface treated with 50% polyacrylic acid showed higher density of crystal growth than that with 65% polyacrylic acid under scanning electron microscope.
Bicuspid ; Ceramics ; Crystallization* ; Dental Enamel ; Humans ; Lithium* ; Sulfur ; Tooth

Bowing of one or both bones of the forearm in children following acute trauma was first recognized by Borden in 1974. Since then, a total of 30 cases have been reported in the English literature. The injury is a result of an acute plastic deformation of the tubular bones due to mainly a longitudinal compression force, and is charactcrized by: 1) a broad fixed curvature of the entire bone, 2) absence of periosteal new bone formation on later roentgenograms, and 3) partial correction of the curvature through cortical remodeling in young children. In this paper, three cases of traumatic bowing of the tubular bone in children are presented: one traumatic bowing of both forearm bones in 15 years old girl and two traumatic bowing of fibulae in combination with fractures of diaphysis of the tibiae of the same legs in 6 years old girl and 6 years old boy respectively. Manipulative reduction for the bowing of the both forearm bones corrected remarkably the plastic curvature, whereas manipulation for the bent fibulae with fractures of the tibiae failed to reduce the curvature, causing no delay in fracturt healing. These three cases are of special interest from two points of view. The first case was caused by tangential force instead of a longitudinal one and was associated with ulnar nerve paralysis which has eventually been recovered. The other two cases occurred in the lower leg in which plastic deformation, according to previous report, would not develop because of the lack of intrinsic curvature of the tibia and fibula.
Child ; Diaphyses ; Female ; Fibula ; Forearm ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Paralysis ; Plastics ; Tibia ; Ulnar Nerve

Calcaneus is more frequently fractured than any other tarsal bones. Because of complex contour of calcaneus, it is difficult to evaluate the type of fracture exactyly. Futhermore fractures involving subtalar joint give rise to chronic pain and functional incapacity. Many different methods have been tried for treatment, but there was no aggrement of its methods and results. From January 1981 to December 1986, calcaneal fractures of 62 cases in 52 patients were analyzed and the results obtained from this study were as follows :l. Of 52 patients, 41 patients were male and 11 female. 2. The cause of fractures was a falling down in 38 patients (76%), traffic accident in 8 patients (15%) and direct blow in 6 patients (12%) 3. According to Rowe;s classfication, Type I fracture was in 5 cases, Type II in 6 cases, Type lll in 5 cases, Type IV in 12 cases and Type V in 34 cases (55%). Of these Type V fracture, tongue type was in 21 cases and joint depression type in 13 cases. 4. The treatment was as follows : cast immobilization in 33 cases, closed reduction and pin fixation in 24 cases and open reduction in 5 cases. 5. The functional result was satisfactory in 44 cases (71%). The result was better in fractures not involving subtalar joint and among type V fractures, the result was better in fractures of tongue type treated with open reduction. 6. So, we recommended compressive bandage and early mobilization for fractures without displacement, axial fixation for tongue type fractures and open reduction for joint depression type fracture.
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Bandages ; Calcaneus ; Chronic Pain ; Depression ; Early Ambulation ; Female ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Male ; Subtalar Joint ; Tarsal Bones ; Tongue

No abstract available.
Induction Chemotherapy* ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms*

Modified biliary Gianturco stents were placed in 27 patients with obstructive jaundice. From July 1990 to October 1992, 46 two-seven connected stents of 8-12mm in diameter (Myungsung Meditech, Seoul, Korea) were placed in 5 patients with benign biliary stricture and 22 patients with malignant biliary stricture in three university hospitals; 12 in Chonbuk National University Hosptial, 12 in Wonkwang University Hospital, and 3 in Chonnam National University Hospital. Nineteen were men and eight were women, ranged in age from 34 to 76 years(average, 55 years). The stents were placed percutaneously through a transhepatic approach using a 8.5Fr. Introducing sheath. All stents were placed successfully without any technical failures or procedural morbidity or morality. All patients complained dull abdominal pain for 1 to 3 days after the stent placement. In a follow-up period of 7-46 weeks, reocclusions were observed in one of the patients with benign stricture (20%) and three of the patients with malignant strictures (16%). Two patients with recurrent jaundice due to the obstruction of the stent were treated with placement of additional stent, one patient was treated with external catheter drainage. Migration of stent occurred in one patient. The application of the expandable biliary metallic stent is suggested as an effective treatment for benign and malignant biliary obstructive jaundice.
Abdominal Pain ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Jeollabuk-do ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Morals ; Seoul ; Stents*

Modified biliary Gianturco stents were placed in 27 patients with obstructive jaundice. From July 1990 to October 1992, 46 two-seven connected stents of 8-12mm in diameter (Myungsung Meditech, Seoul, Korea) were placed in 5 patients with benign biliary stricture and 22 patients with malignant biliary stricture in three university hospitals; 12 in Chonbuk National University Hosptial, 12 in Wonkwang University Hospital, and 3 in Chonnam National University Hospital. Nineteen were men and eight were women, ranged in age from 34 to 76 years(average, 55 years). The stents were placed percutaneously through a transhepatic approach using a 8.5Fr. Introducing sheath. All stents were placed successfully without any technical failures or procedural morbidity or morality. All patients complained dull abdominal pain for 1 to 3 days after the stent placement. In a follow-up period of 7-46 weeks, reocclusions were observed in one of the patients with benign stricture (20%) and three of the patients with malignant strictures (16%). Two patients with recurrent jaundice due to the obstruction of the stent were treated with placement of additional stent, one patient was treated with external catheter drainage. Migration of stent occurred in one patient. The application of the expandable biliary metallic stent is suggested as an effective treatment for benign and malignant biliary obstructive jaundice.
Abdominal Pain ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Jeollabuk-do ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Morals ; Seoul ; Stents*

The authors report a rare case of aggravated myelopathy due to rebleeding of intramedullary cavernous angioma during pregnancy. A 29-year-old woman with a intramedullary cavernous angioma of the lower thoracic spinal cord was initially managed with a conservative treatment. She suffered the progressive paraparesis 16 months later during the 3rd trimester of her pregnancy. The follow-up magnetic resonance imaging revealed rebleeding of the previous cavernous angioma. The entire lesion was resected with a standard microsurgical technique after delivery, and her neurological symptoms subsequently resolved.
Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paraparesis ; Pregnancy* ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postnasal drip is one of the most common symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and is the main cause of chronic cough. To evaluate the effect of upper airway inflammation defined as CRS on lower bronchial airway, we compared the cytology of nasal secretion (NS) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of normal controls and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis accompanying with and without chronic cough normal controls. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Ten patients of CRS with postnasal drip were selected. Five of them had chronic cough and the others not. Five normal controls were selected. NS collected using Juhn's tymanic tap and BALF collected through fiberoptic bronchoscopy were diluted with dithiothreitol and PBS. These samples were centrifused and then cytospin slide was prepared. The cytology of the slides were evaluated under light microscope after Wright stain. To examine neutrophil activity, nitroblue tetrazolium dye (NBT) test was performd. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney Rank Sum W test. RESULTS: In NS, there were no significant differences in the cell populations among coughing, noncoughing, and the normal control group. NBT positivity of coughing (34.2%) and noncoughing (31.5%) groups showed significantly higher than those of controls (8.6%). In BALF of coughing group, the population of macrophages (78.0%) was significantly lower than noncoughing (86.6%) and control (92.8%) groups, and population of lymphocytes (20.8%) was significantly higher than noncoughing (12.6%) and the control (6.4%) groups. In BALF of noncoughing group, the population macrophages was lower and those of lymphocytes were higher than the control group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that CRS enhances increased local immune responses and decreased phagocytic activity of the lower airway. And chronic cough in patients with CRS is thought to be dependent on individual tolerance to cough provocation, not on aspiration of postnasal drip of discharge.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Bronchoscopy ; Cough* ; Dithiothreitol ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Neutrophils ; Nitroblue Tetrazolium ; Sinusitis

Salivary glands are exocrine glands that secrete saliva into the oral cavity, and secreted saliva plays essential roles in oral health. Therefore, maintaining the salivary glands in an intact state is required for proper production and secretion of saliva. To investigate a specific signaling pathway that might affect the maintenance of mouse submandibular gland (SMGs), RNA sequencing was performed. In SMGs, downregulated expression patterns of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway-related genes, including Rhoa, Rhob, Rhoc, Rock1, and Rock2, were observed. Gene expression profiling analyses of these genes indicate that the ROCK signaling pathway is a potential signal for SMG maintenance.