No abstract available.
Adhesives*

No abstract available.
Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic*

No abstract available.
Fallopian Tubes* ; Female

No abstract available.
Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.

The indication of CT for the breast lesions are 1) Unusually extensive or small breast caused technicaldifficulties in performing mammograms. 2) Questionable mammographic findings, especially in dense proliferativebreast parenchyme, 3) Microcancer. 4) Suspicious regional lymph node enlargement of invasion of the chest wall bybreast cancer. The diagnosis of breast CT in breast cancer is based on pathologic anatomic change andcharacteristic increase of mean CT No. of lesion following contrast enhancement. Authors analysed CT of the 34patients who were clinically suspected breast cancer, and compared with mammography. The results are as follows:1. Pathological diagnosis of 34 cases were 27 cases of breast cancer, 4 cases of fibrocystic disease, 2 cases offibroadenoma, and 1 case of intraductal pupilloma. The diagnostic accuracy of CT in 27 breast cancer was 93%(25cases) and mammography 71%(19 cases). 2. Corect diagnosis of CT in 7 benign breast disease is in 5 cases andmammography in 5 cases. 3. The most importment finding of CT in breast cancer is characteristic increase of CT No.of lesion following contrast enhancement (200ml, 65%): over average 50HU in 19 cases of 27 breast cancers, 30-50HUin a 6 cases, 20-30HU in 2 cases with tumor necrosis. 4. Compared with mammography, other more valuable CTfindings of breast cancer are axillary lymph node enlargement and adjacentic pectoral muscle invasion. 5. Inconclusion, Breast CT is considered as a valuable diagnostic tool in evaluation of breast cancer, but not of benign breast disease.
Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Diagnosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Mammography ; Necrosis ; Thoracic Wall

The current study was performed to investigate the influence of acidosis on focal cerebral ischemia in view of morphometric assay and neuropathological examination. The acidosis was induced by increment of halothane concentration and by decreasing respiratory rate. The mean pH were 7.423+/-0.012 in control group and 7.184+/-0.038 in acidosis group. Twenty-four hours after MCA occlusion(MCAO), neutral red staining and perfusion fixation was performed. The ischemic area was measured and morphometric analysis was undertaken. In acidosis group, the infarct area was 25.23+/-4.78% of the total cerebral area;in control group, the infarct area was 27.69+/-4.05%. The histopathological findings were examined under light microscopy, in which the field scanning was carried out from the midline by 0.5mm interval at cortical and basal ganglia levels. These results indicated that although there was no satistically significant difference in infarct area between acidosis and control group, increased acidosis aggravated the extent of histopathologic ischemic neuronal damage.
Acidosis* ; Animals ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain Ischemia* ; Halothane ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microscopy ; Neurons ; Neutral Red ; Perfusion ; Rats* ; Respiratory Rate

A study of effect of local hypothermia upon the paravertebral muscles which also become sensitized during spinal cord cooling was performed using cats. With a cuff, a cooler, to which was attached tubes connected to a refrigerator, the experimental technique was deviced to cool the paravertebral muscles locally at cervical and lumbar level. Cold, liquid saline at a temperature of 2.8+/-0.6 degrees C was circulated in closed system through the tube into the cuff which was snugly rested on the surface of paravertebral muscles as a heat exchanger. The temperature was measured at intervals of ten minutes with thermocouples before and during cooling for thirty minutes. In the muscle surface underneath the cuff, the mean precooling temperature of 30.1 degrees C in the normal muscle was lowered to 15.4 degrees C at the end of the first 10 minutes of cooling. After this initial rapid drop in temperature, there was a further gradual decrease of temperature to 13.6 degrees C at the end of 20 minutes of cooling. In the muscle 1cm beneath the cuff, the mean precooling temperature of 31.4 degrees C in the normal muscle was lowered to 17.3 degrees C at the end of first 10 minutes of cooling. After this initial rapid drop in temperature, there was a further gradual decrease of temperature to 16.2 degrees C at the end of 20 minutes of cooling. For comparison, the temperature in the clipped muscle and nonclipped muscle were also measured. The temperature in the clipped muscle surface was lower than that of non-clipped. Topical ice application resulted in rapid drop of temperature from 31.2 degrees C to 13.9 degrees C in skin, 32.3 degrees C to 13.1 degrees C in subcutaneous layer and 32.5 degrees C to 13.9 degrees C in muscle, simultaneously. Another aspect of this experiment was an evaluation of the protective effect of local hypothermia with respect to muscle injury associated with clipping, of muscles. The injured(clipped) muscles with or without local hypothermia was biopsied and stained with Hematoxylin Eosin and Hematoxylin Basic Funchsin Picric acid and sectioned specimens were observed under the light microscope. The clipped muscle examined thirty minutes after release of clipping showed 20~30% of red stain in HBFP stain. The normal muscle showed less than 5% of red stain in the field. In intermittent hypothermia, 2 minute cooling group showed 20% of red stain in the field. The clipped muscle with local hypothermia showed less red stain than that of non-hypothermia. The results of this study confirmed the belief that the cold liquid and ice of physiologic saline can be used in clinical neurosurgery for extravascular local cooling of scalp and paravertebral muscles and for irrigating or perfusing operative field.
Animals ; Cats ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Hot Temperature ; Hypothermia ; Ice ; Muscles ; Neurosurgery ; Scalp ; Skin ; Spinal Cord

Numerous experimental and clinical studies of brain metabolism have reported since last 10 years, and many authors have concentrated their efforts on the metabolism of gas, glucose, electrolytes and enzymes. Glutamic acid that is utilized in the brain is one of the most important metabolites and plays very important role in the brain to detoxify the ammonia which is toxic to the nervous tissue even with minute amount. Authors have attempted to measure the level of ammonia in the diseased brain tissue of rabbits as the first step believing that there may be some derangement in the process of production or detoxication of the ammonia in the brain. The experiments were carried out on adult rabbits weighing between 1.5 and 2.2kg. The specimens were grouped into 3:contrast group of normal rabbits compression group of animals with expanding laminaria in the intracranial epidural space and ischemic group of animals with bilateral liation of common carotid arteries. Although we could'nt find any helpful references to the study of the ammonia measurement in the rabbit's brain and were facing a little difficulty to conclude whether the result of this experiment is significant or not, it was the fact that there was a strong tendency of increase in the ammonia level at an acute stage of brain compression and ischemia and then, as the time elapsed, the decreasing, level of ammonia near the contrast group was studied. Therefore, as a second step further research on the substances which relate to the ammonia metabolism has to be done in the above mentioned experimental media.
Adult ; Ammonia* ; Animals ; Brain* ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Electrolytes ; Epidural Space ; Glucose ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Ischemia* ; Laminaria ; Metabolism ; Rabbits

No abstract available.
Colon, Descending* ; Leiomyosarcoma*