No abstract available.
Wounds, Stab*

BACKGROUND: Job holders are groups that have suffered from chronic stressful condition. Nowadays, occupational stress are increasing due to Korean economic crisis. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the stress scores of several kinds of jobs, the relationship between the amount of stress and mental health status, factors associated with stress. METHODS: Among workers who had visited a medical college hospital, Taejeon, Korea, for regular health evaluation from April 1 to June 30 1998, we selected 50 clerks, 50 industrial workers, 50 professionals, 50 service or salesmen and 50 public servants in the survey. A total of 159 workers were evaluated as subjects excluding those who had answered in adequately to the questionnaire. Stress scores were measured by Korean-translated BEPSI(Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument) and Bae Jong Myun's 30-items SRRQ(Social Readjustment Rating Questionnaire). Mental health status were checked by Korean-translated SCL-90-R(Symptom checklist-90-Revision). RESULTS: The average BEPSI score of workers was 2.07+/-0.72. The mean score of female workers was 2.27+/-.70 and it was obviously higher than male worker's score of 1.85+/-.66. 20-29 year age group and over 40 year age group's amount of stress were obviously higher than 30-39 year age group. The low education level group had higher stress score than those with high education level but the amount of stress showed no significant difference in the monthly income, job tenure, number of family members to support, hobby and religion. According to occupation, clerks, industrial workers, service or salesmen's stress scores were higher than those of professional or public servants. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation has showed that there is a correlation between the amount of job holder's stress and mental health including somatimtian, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychotism Therefore, we conclude that the best way to stay in good menta
Anxiety ; Daejeon ; Depression ; Education ; Female ; Hobbies ; Hostility ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mental Health* ; Occupations ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Pyogenic osteomyelitis is a frequent and difficult disease in treatment in orthopedic surgery. The various manifestation of the disease related to the causative organisms, the sites of involvement, the pathogenesis and the clinical course tend to give a bad prognosis after treatment. This study consists of three hundred and twenty four cases of pyogenic osteomyelitis which are studied at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University hospital for 7 years and 8 months from January 1973 to August 1979. The results are as follows: 1. The frequency of the disease was highest in 1977 but not significant. 2. Femur and tibia were most frequently involved. (65.4%). 3. Age distribution showed the highest incidence between 6 and 15 years of age. (60.6%) Sex ratio was 2(M):1(F) 4. The causative organism was mostly Staphylococcus. (80.5%) The coagulase(+) Staphylococcus showed the highest sensitivity to cefamezine (88.8%) and the highest resistance to penicillin. (89.7%) 5. The treatment had been carried out case by case with variable methods. Author considered the best method of treatment was early decompression and massive antibiotic therapy in acute osteomyelitis, and saucerization with closed irrigation system in chronic osteomyelitis.
Age Distribution ; Cefazolin ; Decompression ; Femur ; Incidence ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Penicillins ; Prognosis ; Sex Ratio ; Staphylococcus ; Tibia

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate usefulness of locking compression plate (LCP) as an open reduction technique by evaluating clinical results obtained from the patients with lateral malleolar fracture treated by internal fixation using LCP after open reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patients with lateral malleolar fracture, the 28 patients who were treated by internal fixation using Locking compression plate after an open reduction and were able to be followed up for more than 6 months were included in this study. Final postoperative evaluation was done based on the Meyer's clinical and radiologic evaluation system. RESULTS: All cases achieved anatomical reduction and fixation of the reduction postoperatively. 28 minutes were taken meaningly from the incision to the fixation of LCP plate after the anatomical reduction. Everage bony union time was 8.2 weaks, and the result was excellent in 23 cases (82%), good in 5 cases (17%) and poor result was abscent according to the criteria of Meyer et al. One case of post traumatic arthritis and one case of superficial infection on the operation site were found, but non-union, delayed union and malunion were not occurred. CONCLUSION: The internal fixation after open reduction using LCP is an effective treatment method in treating lateral malleolar fracture of the ankle since it offers advantages including easy application and a greater stability due to its capability of maintaining exact anatomical reduction even though the screw does not penetrate the medial cortex of fibular to add the stability and rigidity of the fixation.
Ankle ; Arthritis ; Humans

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficiency of lateral plate fixation using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique as a treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patient who were treated from March, 2002 to September, 2004, the cases of twenty patients with distal tibial metaphyseal fracture treated by lateral plate fixation using MIPO technique who were able to be followed up for at least one-year period were reviewed in this study. According to AO/OTA classification, five were type A1, twelve cases were type A2 and other three cases were type A3, and among them two cases were open fracture type I according to the Gustillo-Anderson classification. Radiologic studies and clinical assessment described by Daniel et al and complication following the treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: At a mean of 16.4 weeks (range 11 to 23), all fractures united without secondary procedures. According to clinical assessment, all cases had good and excellent result, and there were no complications. CONCLUSION: The lateral plate fixation using MIPO technique of distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is an efficient method of treatment with high functional recovery rate which minimize soft tissue damage, decreases the risk of infection and incidence of nonunion at the same time as the classic MIPO technique does, and it is a useful alternative method when there is a anteromedial soft tissue damage.
Classification ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical result of two stage reimplantation of infected total knee arthroplasties, using an antibiotics impregnated articulating cement spacer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of total 7 cases with infected total knee arthroplasties, 4 cases treated with two stage reimplantation, using an antibiotics impregnated articulating cement spacer were included in this study. After the treatment of infected total knee arthroplasties, the treatment of infection was evaluated by physical examination, radiologic studies, and hematologic studies. The results were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS). RESULTS: As results, 4 infected knee cases treated with two stage reimplantation did not have reinfection at the time of the follow up, and physical, laboratory, and radiologic studies were all within normal range. The range of motion of the reimplanted knees were from -5degrees in extension to 130 degrees in flexion, with an average of 117 degrees. The average score of the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score was 87. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, two stage arthroplasties, using antibiotics impregnated articulating cement spacer was an effective therapy not only for the treatment of the infection after the total knee arthroplasty but also effectiveness for recovery of the knee function.
Anti-Bacterial Agents* ; Arthroplasty* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee* ; Physical Examination ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reference Values ; Replantation*

The authors performed combined trabeculectomy-cataract extraction on eyes of 8 patients with coexisting glaucoma and cataract. Posterior chamber lens implantation was performed in 2 of 9 eyes. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 12 months. Visual acuity was improved in 8 eyes. The mean intraocular pressure was reduced by approximately 53%, from 28 mmHg preoperatively to 13 mmHg postoperatively. No medications were required in 6 of the 8 eyes, but 2 needed one medication for adequate control of intraocular pressure, postoperatively. No greater incidence of complications were evident with the combined procedure, from that expected with routine cataract extraction or trabeculectomy alone.
Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: The estimation of ADA activity in pleural fluid has been proved useful tool in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions. However, there is controversy about its usefulness when estimated in bronchial washing fluid in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study aims at evaluating the usefulness of measuring ADA activity in bronchial washing fluid of tuberculous patients as biochemical marker in the early diagnosis of the disease. METHODS: We examined the difference of ADA activity in bronchial washing fluid among the group I (tuberculosis group), group II (lung cancer group) and group III (control group). RESULTS: There was significantly higher bronchial washing fluid ADA level in tuberculosis group compared to the lung cancer and control groups(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that bronchial washing fluid ADA activities seem to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Adenosine Deaminase ; Biomarkers ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pleural Effusion ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

We studied to investigate the predictive values of gated SPECT for the improvement of wall motion after bypass surgery. As we compared postoperative SPECT with preoperative ones, we defined viability as wall motion improvement. We performed rest 71-201/stress Tc-99m-MIBI gated SPECT in 25 patients before and 3 months after bypass surgery. Myocardial wall motion was graded as normal, hypokinesia, akinesia, and dyskinesia by pair-wise visual analysis of gated pre and postoperative SPECT's on the same monitor screen. Myocardial wall thickening was determined good or poor Among 92 segments with wall motion abnormalities before operation, 69 (75%) improved and 23 did not. Before operation, we could find segments with good systolic thickening in 64 segments among total 92. Thickening of the remaining 28 was poor. Wall motion improved postoperatively in 45 segments (70%) among 64 with good thickening. Twenty four(86%) among 28 segments with poor thickening had also improved. We grouped segments into mild(hypokinetic) and severe(akinetic/dyskinetic) ones. Among 33 segments with severe motion abnormalities, 14 had good thickening and 19 did not. Nine(60%) improved out of 14 segments having severe abnormality with good thickening. However, 16(84%) segments out of 19 having severe abnormality with poor thickening also improved. Neither degree of perfusion decrease nor severity of wall motion abnormalities could explain the high rate of false negatives. In conclusion, as we defined viability as wall motion improvement by comparing pre and postoperative SPECT, systolic thickening observed by gated Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT in myocardial segments with wall motion abnormalities predicted wall motion improvement after bypass surgery. However, poor thickening could not be referred as evidence of nonviable myocardium both in mild and severe contractile dysfunction, so that we might need stimulation study such as dobutamine echocardiography or dobutamine gated SPECT.
Dobutamine ; Dyskinesias ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Myocardium ; Perfusion ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of locking compression plate (LCP) and volar plating through anterior approach for distal radius fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed that 15 distal radius fracture, which would not be reduced by closed reduction or too comminuated to maintain reduction or articular surface inconguency, were treated by open reduction through anterior approach and volar plating using LCP. The results were evaluated by preoperative and postoperative radiographs. Functional results were analysed using the Modified Mayo Wrist Scoring System. RESULTS: All cases achieved anatomical articular surface reduction postoperatively. In terms of radiologic analysis, mean radial length (9.0 mm vs. 11.8 mm), radial inclination (14.7degrees vs. 20.9degrees ), volar tilt (-6.3degrees vs. 8.3degrees ) and articular step-off (1.4 mm vs. 0.3 mm) were improved. The average Modified Wrist Score was 89. Nonunion or malunion was not occurred. CONCLUSION: Open reduction through anterior approach and volar plating using LCP is a useful method that provides excellent results with few complications in the treatment of fracture of the distal radius.
Radius Fractures ; Radius* ; Retrospective Studies ; Wrist