No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Female ; Ovary*

No abstract available.
Female ; Lactation*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Perfusion* ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

Purpose: This study evaluated the usefulness of a silicone ring tourniquet by analyzing the changes in the perioperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels or amount of perioperative bleeding compared to those of a pneumatic tourniquet or no usage during minimally invasive plate fixation for distal femoral fractures. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, 30 patients who underwent minimally invasive plate fixation using a locking compression plate for distal femoral fractures were evaluated and classified as a silicone ring tourniquet (Group 1), a pneumatic tourniquet (Group 2), and no usage (Group 3). The variables for analysis were age, sex, preoperative Hb (preHb), postoperative 72-hour Hb (postHb), differences between preHb and postHb (preHb-postHb), amount of intraoperative and overall transfusion, estimated unit of transfusion corrected by preHb-postHb and total transfusion (Hb-lost), amount of intraoperative and postoperative and total bleeding. One-way ANOVA was used to identify the differences between the groups. Results: The age, sex, operation time, preHb, preHb-postHb, amount of intraoperative and overall transfusion and Hb-lost were similar in the two groups. The amount of intraoperative bleeding was significantly lower in Group 1 than Group 3 (p=0.004), but there was no difference in the amount of postoperative and total bleeding between the two groups. Conclusion The use of a silicone ring tourniquet in the minimally invasive plate fixation for distal femoral fractures decreased the amount of intraoperative bleeding compared to no use of a tourniquet.

BACKGROUD: It is generally acknowledged that a close relationship exists between chronic alcohol abuse and the occurrence of alcohol withdrawal seizure(AWS). About one third of AWS patients have been reported to be followed by delirium tremens (DT). OBJECTIVES: We assessed the factors that have influence on the development of DT in AWS patients. METHODS: We investigated clinical features and laboratory findings of 39 AWS patients who were admitted. The following factors were analyzed ; duration of alcohol intake, interval from last drinking to onset of AWS, interval from AWS to treatment, number of seizure, fever, laboratory findings (Mg, K, Na, Ca, P, respiratory alkalosis). RESULT: Fourteen patients developed DT(35.8%). There was fever in 36% of AWS patients with DT(5/14) and in 8% of AWS patients without DT(2/25). Number of seizure (p<.05) and interval from AWS to treatment(p<.01) showed statistically significant difference. But other factors were insignificant statistically. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that number of seizure and interval from AWS to treatment seem to be significantly related to the development of DT in AWS patients.
Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium* ; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures* ; Alcoholism ; Delirium* ; Drinking ; Fever ; Humans ; Risk Factors* ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a condition in which multiple gas-filled mural cysts develop in the gastrointestinal tract. Although its exact etiology remains obscure, PI is rarely observed in liver transplant (LT) recipients. METHODS: In 317 cases of adult living donor LT (LDLT) performed during 2011, PI developed in three patients during the 3 year follow-up. RESULTS: Of these three patients, the two who demonstrated PI at 6 weeks and 2 months after LT, respectively, were asymptomatic and showed no signs of secondary complications. Diagnosis was made incidentally using abdominal radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans. PI was identified in the right ascending colon with concomitant pneumoperitoneum. These two patients received supportive care and maintained a regular diet. Follow-up CT scans demonstrated spontaneous resolution of PI with no complications. The third patient was admitted to the emergency room 30 months after LDLT. His symptoms included poor oral intake and intermittent abdominal pain with no passage of gas. Abdominal radiography and CT scans demonstrated PI in the entire small bowel, with small bowel dilatation, pneumoperitoneum, and pneumoretroperitoneum, but no peritonitis. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension but no tenderness or rebound tenderness. After 1 week of conservative treatment, including bowel rest and antibiotics therapy, PI and pneumoperitoneum resolved spontaneously without complications. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that adult LDLT recipients who develop asymptomatic or symptomatic PI with no signs of secondary complications can be successfully managed with conservative treatment.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colon, Ascending ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Dilatation ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation* ; Living Donors* ; Peritonitis ; Physical Examination ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Radiography, Abdominal ; Retropneumoperitoneum ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVES: A number of investigators have examined the possible pathophysiological mechanisms in patients who died from asthma, but the reasons for the increased incidence of death in patients with asthma are largely unknown. To elucidate the risk factors and possible causes of fatal asthma, we reviewed the clinical data of patients with potentially fatal asthma(PFA). METHODS: We retrospectively studied the clinical and laboratory profiles of 35 PFA patients(43 episodes) who had been admitted at the Kyungpook University Hospital and Taegu Fatima Hospital in recent 5 years(1989. 7-1994. 6). Our criteria of PFA were defined as either respiratory arrest or an arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaCO2) greater than 50 mmHg or an altered state of consciousness, due to acute asthma. RESULTS: 1) Twenty four patients with PFA were female and 11 male. At the time of PFA episode, age distribution was between 16-65 year (42% between 36-49). 2) Seasonal distribution was 13 episodes between March and May, 13 June and August, 6 September and November, 11 December and February. 3) Previous hospitalization history due to asthmatic attack was noted in 81 percent, and 75 percent were relatively compliant to their therapy. 5) At visiting emergency room, 81 percent satisfied the criteria of PFA, whereas 19 percent during hospitalizatoin. 77 percent required mechanical ventilation, and 52 percent of them within 30 minutes after visiting. 6) Initial arterial blood gas analysis at emergency room showed marked hypercapnia(75 +/- 29 mmHg), hypoxemia(50 +/- mmHg) and acidosis(pH 7.14 +/- 0.15). Serum potassium levels were within normal ranges in 75 percent. 7) All, except one, showed no significant cardiac arrthymias. 8) Possible precipitating factors leading to PFA were respiratory tract infection in 31 episodes, ingestion of NSAIDs in 2, emotional upsets in 2, irritant air pollutions in 2, withdrawal of anti-asthma drugs in 1, and unknown causes in 5. 9) Nine of 16 patients were atopic, and majority of them showed positive reaction to Dermatophagoides antigen. CONCLUSIONS: These results may suggest that PFA is mainly due to airway obstruction, and upper respiratory infection is an important precipitating factor leading to PFA. It is necessary to establish an appropriate plan for preventing PFA and related deaths.
Age Distribution ; Air Pollution ; Airway Obstruction ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Asthma* ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Carbon Dioxide ; Consciousness ; Daegu ; Eating ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Potassium ; Precipitating Factors ; Pyroglyphidae ; Reference Values ; Research Personnel ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Retrospective Studies* ; Risk Factors ; Seasons

BACKGROUND: Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can demonstrate ischemic brain injury within the first several hours after the onset of symptoms. We investigated the utility of combined DWI and SPECT in the assessment of acute cerebral infarction. METHODS: Nineteen patients with acute middle cerebral artery territory infarction underwent DWI and SPECT within 12 hours of symptom onset (mean, 9.6 hour). In SPECT, we defined abnormality as a perfusion defect region (perfusion ??30% compared to a normal cortex) and an ischemic region (perfusion difference ??10% compared to a contralateral normal hemisphere). The initial DWI and SPECT lesion volume ratios (lesion volume / hemispheric volume) were analyzed with subsequent neurological deficits as determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and Barthel index (BI). RESULTS: There was a high correlation between clinical scores within 7 days and lesion volumes determined by DWI and SPECT respectively (p<0.05). The lesion volumes detected by DWI and SPECT significantly correlated with each other (p<0.01). Ischemic lesions on SPECT were larger in the group (n=10) with ICA occlusions than in the other group (p=0.034). In 15 patients with cortical lesions, the ratio of perfusion defect volumes on SPECT to lesion volumes on DWI was higher in the group with favorable outcome than in the group with unfavorable outcome (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Both DWI and SPECT are highly correlated with the severity of neurological deficit in acute cerebral infarction. Furthermore, combined use of DWI and SPECT would be more powerful than either study alone in predicting clinical outcome. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(2):88~95, 2001)
Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Diffusion* ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Perfusion ; Stroke ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

BACKGROUND: Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can demonstrate ischemic brain injury within the first several hours after the onset of symptoms. We investigated the utility of combined DWI and SPECT in the assessment of acute cerebral infarction. METHODS: Nineteen patients with acute middle cerebral artery territory infarction underwent DWI and SPECT within 12 hours of symptom onset (mean, 9.6 hour). In SPECT, we defined abnormality as a perfusion defect region (perfusion ??30% compared to a normal cortex) and an ischemic region (perfusion difference ??10% compared to a contralateral normal hemisphere). The initial DWI and SPECT lesion volume ratios (lesion volume / hemispheric volume) were analyzed with subsequent neurological deficits as determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and Barthel index (BI). RESULTS: There was a high correlation between clinical scores within 7 days and lesion volumes determined by DWI and SPECT respectively (p<0.05). The lesion volumes detected by DWI and SPECT significantly correlated with each other (p<0.01). Ischemic lesions on SPECT were larger in the group (n=10) with ICA occlusions than in the other group (p=0.034). In 15 patients with cortical lesions, the ratio of perfusion defect volumes on SPECT to lesion volumes on DWI was higher in the group with favorable outcome than in the group with unfavorable outcome (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Both DWI and SPECT are highly correlated with the severity of neurological deficit in acute cerebral infarction. Furthermore, combined use of DWI and SPECT would be more powerful than either study alone in predicting clinical outcome. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(2):88~95, 2001)
Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Diffusion* ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Perfusion ; Stroke ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis among primary school pupils in Ilsan, Gyeonggi province. We also investigated change of symptoms after environmental control. METHODS:In April 2005, a cross-sectional study was performed among 2,745 1st to 6th graders of 3 primary schools in Ilsan, Gyeonggi province. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) standardized questionnaires and additional questionnaires about environmental changes were distributed to their parents. RESULTS:Data were collected from 2,535 children (1,279 boys and 1,256 girls). The most common allergic symptom was rhinorrhea (43.0%), and atopic skin lesions, ocular lesions and wheezing were 24.5%, 19.7% and 18.2%, respectively. There was no significant relationship between allergic diseases and environmental status. One thousand four hundred nineteen children moved to a new place or had new interior decorations within the last 2 years. Of these children, 352 (24.8%) had allergic symptoms (OR=2.76, CI= 1.96-3.41, P=0.001). Interestingly, we found that children who had moved into apartments experienced more symptom changes than those who had not (P=0.022). CONCLUSION:The results of this study demonstrated that the prevalence of allergic conditions in primary school children in Ilsan, Gyeonggi province in 2005 was higher than those of nation-wide studies in 2000. We found the results of our study is similar to those of Seoul in 2005. We found a significant relationship between environmental status and changes of symptoms in primary school children in Ilsan, Gyeonggi province.
Asthma ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; Child* ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Parents ; Prevalence* ; Pupil ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Sounds ; Rhinitis ; Seoul ; Skin