No abstract available.
Tetralogy of Fallot*

BACKGROUND: Discrepancies exist in the existing researches regarding the association between social capital and self-efficacy, and most of these researches have been done in developed countries. The aims of this study were to assess the independent association between individual social capital and self-efficacy and to assess the associations between individual social capital, self-efficacy and self-rated health. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Gyeongnam health survey (6,500 persons) conducted in 2008. A self-administered questionnaire was additionally administered to gather information on demographic variables, health behaviors, chronic diseases, self-efficacy, social capital, and self-rated health status. Total study population was 3,843 as those with chronic diseases were excluded. RESULTS: In males, trust was positively associated with confidence and preference to task difficulty, and participation was negatively associated with confidence and positively associated with regulation and preference to task difficulty. In females, trust was positively associated with confidence and preference to task difficulty and negatively associated with regulation. Participation was positively associated with preference to task difficulty. In males, the odds for self-rated health status was better for persons with confidence (95% confidence interval, CI 1.088-1.705), trust (95% CI 1.172-1.821) and participation (95% CI 1.268-2.117). In females, the odds for self-rated health status was better for those with confidence (95% CI 1.250-1.803), preference of task difficulty (95% CI 1.019-1.683) and participation (95% CI 1.024-1.555). CONCLUSIONS: High social capital measured at an individual level may promote self-efficacy and health status.
Chronic Disease ; Developed Countries ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The double pylorus is a rare condition consisting of a double communication between gastric antrum and duodenal bulb. Some investigators postulate that the doubling of the pyloric channel is a congenital phenornenon, but others believe that it is an acquired lesion. A 72 year-old-man was admitted to this hospital because of epigastric pain for 1 month. Upper G-I series revealed thickened rnucosal folds of pylorus and duodenal bulb and dilated, deformed duodenal bulb filled with barium materials. Endoscopic findings also showed two ovoid large openings of the pyloric channel divided by smooth thickened septum and multiple gastroduodenal ulcers. We thought that this case was an acquired lesion. The relevant literatures on the subject were reviewed.
Barium ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer ; Pyloric Antrum ; Pylorus* ; Research Personnel ; Stomach Ulcer

We report herein a case of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with multiple skin lesions in a Korean woman. A 56-year-old woman presented with rapidly growing multiple sub-cutaneous nodules in her right flank and right upper arm. Microscopic examination of skin biopsy specimen showed diffuse infiltrates of large atypical lymphocytes with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and moderate degree of mitotic figures in deep dermis and subcutis. Immunophenotypic studies revealed the lymphoid infiltrates reacted with CD45, CD20 and bcl-2 protein, but none of the sections expressed CD3, bcl-6 protein and CD30. In physical examination and staging work-up, we could not find any other extracutaneous or systemic involvement. She was treated with 2 cycles of high-dose multiagent chemotherapy with the Vanderbilt and the BEAM regimen combined with the autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Until now, 10 months after termination of treatment, she has shown improvement of all skin lesions and no development of extracutaneous disease.
Arm ; B-Lymphocytes* ; Biopsy ; Dermis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Physical Examination ; Skin

No abstract available.
Fontan Procedure* ; Heart Ventricles*

No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Renal Replacement Therapy*

BACKGROUND: There has been a concern about the incidence of the cutaneous premalignant and malignant tumors. It has increased recently and has varied according to social and environmental influence. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to clarify the recent trends in cutaneous premalignant and malignant tumors, and to compare them with other reports. METHODS: The 175 cases out of the total number of 34,333 new outpatients were diagnosed cutaneous premalignant and malignant tumors from January, 1990 to December, 2000 at the Department of Dermatology, Yeungnam University Hospital. Incidence and its change, age and sex distribution, and anatomical site were investigated. RESULT: 1. The incidence of cutaneous premalignant and malignant tumors was 0.51%, and increased lately. 2. Among the 175 cases of premalignant and malignant tumors, basal cell carcinoma(30.9%) was the most common, followed by squamous cell carcinoma(22.9%), actinic keratosis(12.6%), Bowen's disease(10.9%). 3. The premalignant lesions were increased and outnumbered squamous cell carcinoma since 1996. 4. Basal cell carcinoma was the most common skin cancer that had markedly increased in comparison with squamous cell carcinoma. 5. Actinic keratosis, Bowen's disease, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma on sun exposed areas were much more increased than on non exposed areas. 6. The mean age of patients was 65.3+/-15.0 years, and the age of the majority of cases(94.3%) was over 40 years. 7. The ratio of male to female was 1.01 : 1. The number of females increased relatively in comparison with previous reports. 8. The most common site was the face(55.4%), followed by scalp(12.0%), trunk (12.0%).
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Male ; Melanoma ; Outpatients ; Sex Distribution ; Skin Neoplasms ; Solar System

The discrimination of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms is still in dispute among researchers. To discriminate the differentiation of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms, immunohistochemical stainings with HMFG-1 and GCDFP-15 were performed on 12 specimens of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms, 3 of normal palmar tissues, and 3 of normal axillary tissues. The 12 cases of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms included 3 cases of syringoma, 2 cases of eccrine poroma, 2 cases of hidradenoma, 2 cases of apocrine hidrocystoma, 2 cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum, and 1 case of spiradenoma. The 3 specimens of palmar tissue were used as the positive control of eccrine unit, and the 3 specimens of axillary tissue as that of apocrine unit. The results are as follows; HMFG-1 was positive in the cytoplasm and luminal surface of normal apocrine units, and also positive in those of eccrine units. Still more, HMFG-1 was documented as positive even in the eccrine poroma which is originated from eccrine unit. GCDFP-1 was positive in both normal eccrine and apocrine units, and glandular structure was stained stronger than ductal structure. In all of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms, syringoma, eccrine poroma, and spiradenoma which were known to differentiate to ductal structure were negative in GCDFP-15, but hidradenoma, apocrine hidrocystoma, and syringocystadenoma papilliferum which were known to differentiate to glandular structure were positive, partially. All these findings suggest that GCDFP-15 might be a useful marker for glandular differentiation rather than ductal differentiation, and both HMFG-1 and GCDFP-15 might not be useful to discriminate eccrine and apocrine neoplasms. Further intensive studies about normal eccrine and apocrine unit should be performed to determine if HMFG-1 could be used as a significant marker of apocrine unit, and it is necessary to develop new methods for the discrimination of eccrine and apocrine neoplasms.
Acrospiroma ; Cytoplasm ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Dissent and Disputes ; Hidrocystoma ; Phenobarbital ; Poroma ; Syringoma

BACKGROUND: The treatment of toenail onychomycosis requires a long term oral medication of antifungal agent, and its compliance is one of the important factors for the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate compliance of terbinafine continuous therapy group (C group) and itraconazole pulse therapy group (P group), and to analyze the causes of stopping the treatment. METHODS: The medical records of 387 patients (C group: 177, P group: 210) with toenail onychomycosis were analyzed. The cause to stop the treatment was investigated among the drop-out patients by selfassessment questionnaires or phone calls. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty eight patients (40.8%) of the 387 patients with toenail onychomycosis completed their treatment courses, and compliance was higher in university hospital group (59.5%) than in private clinic group (20.9%). The compliance of P group (50.9%) was significantly higher than that of C group (28.8%, p<0.05). As to age group, compliance was relatively low at age group of the fourth and fifth decade in total patients and C group, and at age group of the third, fourth and fifth decade in P group. There were no significant differences between male and female patients in P group, but the compliance of the male patients (34.7%) was higher than that of female patients (21.5%) in C group. The compliance of the patients who had toenail onychomycosis for a year and more than one year (58.3%) was higher than that of patients for less than one year duration (37.5%). One hundred and seventy nine patients out of the 229 patients (C group: 101, P group: 78) who stopped the treatment, responded to self-assessment questionnaire or phone calls. Among 101 patients who responded in C group, 64 patients (63.4%) stopped the treatment within 1 month, 32 patients (31.7%) within 2 months. Among 78 patients who responded in P group, 68 patients (87.2%) stopped the treatment within 1 month, and 10 patients (12.8%) within 2 months. The causes of stopping the treatment were "lack of time to visit clinic" (29.4%), good response (24.9%), far a long distance to the clinic (18.1%), etc., in order. CONCLUSION: For the better choice of therapy, dermatologist must consider age, sex, and disease duration, select the treatment method, and explain the course of treatment to the patients. So do that, we can increase the compliance of patients with toenail onychomycosis.
Compliance* ; Daegu* ; Female ; Humans ; Itraconazole* ; Male ; Medical Records ; Nails* ; Onychomycosis* ; Self-Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: The treatment of toenail onychomycosis requires a long term oral medication of antifungal agent, and its compliance is one of the important factors for the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate compliance of terbinafine continuous therapy group (C group) and itraconazole pulse therapy group (P group), and to analyze the causes of stopping the treatment. METHODS: The medical records of 387 patients (C group: 177, P group: 210) with toenail onychomycosis were analyzed. The cause to stop the treatment was investigated among the drop-out patients by selfassessment questionnaires or phone calls. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty eight patients (40.8%) of the 387 patients with toenail onychomycosis completed their treatment courses, and compliance was higher in university hospital group (59.5%) than in private clinic group (20.9%). The compliance of P group (50.9%) was significantly higher than that of C group (28.8%, p<0.05). As to age group, compliance was relatively low at age group of the fourth and fifth decade in total patients and C group, and at age group of the third, fourth and fifth decade in P group. There were no significant differences between male and female patients in P group, but the compliance of the male patients (34.7%) was higher than that of female patients (21.5%) in C group. The compliance of the patients who had toenail onychomycosis for a year and more than one year (58.3%) was higher than that of patients for less than one year duration (37.5%). One hundred and seventy nine patients out of the 229 patients (C group: 101, P group: 78) who stopped the treatment, responded to self-assessment questionnaire or phone calls. Among 101 patients who responded in C group, 64 patients (63.4%) stopped the treatment within 1 month, 32 patients (31.7%) within 2 months. Among 78 patients who responded in P group, 68 patients (87.2%) stopped the treatment within 1 month, and 10 patients (12.8%) within 2 months. The causes of stopping the treatment were "lack of time to visit clinic" (29.4%), good response (24.9%), far a long distance to the clinic (18.1%), etc., in order. CONCLUSION: For the better choice of therapy, dermatologist must consider age, sex, and disease duration, select the treatment method, and explain the course of treatment to the patients. So do that, we can increase the compliance of patients with toenail onychomycosis.
Compliance* ; Daegu* ; Female ; Humans ; Itraconazole* ; Male ; Medical Records ; Nails* ; Onychomycosis* ; Self-Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires