The clinical picture and CSF findings in cryptococcal meningitis may be identical with those of tuberculous meningitis. The differential diagnosis can be made by finding the budding yeast organism in the counting chamber of in stained smear, the detection of cryptococcal antigen in CSF by the latex agglutination test, and by culture of the fungus on Sabouraud agar. We experienced a case of cryptococcal meningitis in the 48 years old woman, which was confirmed by Indian ink preparation and culture.
Agar ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Ink ; Latex Fixation Tests ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal* ; Saccharomycetales ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

Myopathy in primary aldosteronism in relatively rare disease in Korea. A 42-year-old woman with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, proximal muscle weakness and hypertension was found to have myopathy associated with adenoma in the right adrenal gland. She showed marked elevation of muscle enzymes and myopathic pattern in EMG.
Adenoma ; Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism ; Hypertension ; Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis ; Korea ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Diseases* ; Rare Diseases

The diagnosis of OPCA could be made clinically with important aid of brain CT scanning, although the definite and conclusive diagnosis only by postmortem pathological determination. We reviewed, clinically and with brain CT examination, 12 cases of patients with OPCA who were admitted to the Yeungnam University Hospital for a recent 5 years. The result were as following: 1. The distribution of age is from 49 to 72, mainly 50 to 60. Man is more frequent than women at the 4.5 times. 2. The interval period from Sx. Onset to diagnosis is 1 year to 6 years. 3. The usual initial Sxs. Were dizziness (58%), ataxia (33%), and other less frequent Sxs. Were weakness of low extremities, dysarthria, headache and urinary incontinence. The clinical manifestations at the initial diagnosis were cerebellar disturbance (100%), dysarthria (83%), and increased deep tendon reflexes (58%). 4. The results of brain CT finding are like this: the width of cerebellar sulci is more than 1mm, other 4 cases more than 2mm. the width of cerebellar pontine cistern of the patient if usually 3 to 4mm, other 2 cases extended to the 5 mm. the A. P and lateral lengths of 4th. ventricle is 4 mm and 4 to 8 mm respectively. 6 cases of whole patients show coincidentally cerebral atrophy.
Ataxia ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Clinical Study* ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Dysarthria ; Extremities ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies* ; Reflex, Stretch ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinary Incontinence

One and a half syndrome is an ipsilateral gaze paresis or palsy combined with and internuclear ophthalmoplegia on contralateral gaze. The lesion site is at the paramedian pontine reticular formation and the adjacent MLF. The common causes are unilateral pontine infarction and multiple sclerosis. We experienced a case of one and a half syndrome which has a suspected small pontine infarct.
Infarction ; Multiple Sclerosis ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Paralysis ; Paresis ; Pontine Tegmentum