Study of 330 samples of smokers selected from smoking population living in Da Nang city. This was a cross-sectional study. Result: The mean age of smokers was 20.5+/-13.5 years old and each consumed 13.1+/-7.7 cigarettes per day. The harms of tobacco on health of the smoker’s health included 61.8% of pneumonia, 30.1% of bronchitis, 17.9% of chronic lung diseases, 2.8% of ARI, 31.0% of lung cancers, 17.6% of cardiovascular diseases, and 14.4% of neurological disorders. Main sources of information providing to smokers with the knowledge of tobacco's harms from broadcasting and television and warning on the package was very limited.
Smoking ; Health ; Knowledge

The study described the concern, perception, the health warning design that impressed women in Da Nang city. Study subjects were 330 women aged from 20 to 49 living in family of the smokers enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The results showed that 81. 7% women in Da Nang city were interested in the health warning; 98.2% women believed in the content of the health warning that cigarettes are harmful to the health; and 93.3% women thought the health warning reflected the evidence of the cigarette smoking. 62% women thought that the health warning strongly impressed the community; the content of the health warning reflected accurate harms of smoking, and the design of health warning should be printed bigger (73.9%) and should be on main sides of the package (47.2%). 18.7% of them thought that health warning should be changed periodically and recommended that the time for changing should be once a year.
Smoking ; Women, Health

Study 789 people who live in Le Chan district, Hai Phong city in which from 15 to 19 year old: 15%; 20-24 years: 14.7%; 25-44 years: 34.0%; 45-64 year old: 31.6% and over 65 years: 4.8% and the average age is 36.62 + 15.1. The tobacco smoking rate: 40.6% in the study (male: 72.1%, female: 4.3%). The average time of smoking: 13.5 ± 9.4 years and for 10 years or more: 61.1% (male:13.9 ± 9.3 years, female: 5.7 ± 7.8 years). Among total of 324 people has smoked and has been smoking, from half to one packet/day: 65.6%, from 5-9 cigarretes per day: 23.5%, smoke over 20 cigarretes per day and under 3 cigarretes per day: 1.9%. The average cigarretes smoked by one person is 11.66 ± 6.14.
Smoking ; Epidemiology

A study on nurses and technicians who working at the clinical and para-clinical departments in the Medical Center of Thanh Oai District in 2005. In the clinical department, time spent for measuring pulse, temperature and blood pressure is 10 minutes/patient/day and for intravenous injection and following up are 20 minutes/patient. Time spent for changing bandage and taking out stitches in surgical patient is 15 minutes/patient and time for a labor delivery is 2 hours/pregnant woman. Time spent for hematological and biological tests is 5 minute/specimen and for microbiological and parasite tests is 10minutes/specimen. Daily meeting of department for nurses, technicians and midwives is 15minutes/day, total cleaning in department is 1 hour/week.
Medical staff ; Nurses

5 hot points of prostitution activities, intravenuos drug use and HIV infections in Ha Tinh Province were Nghi Xuan District, Hong Linh Town, Ha Tinh Provincial City, Thach Ha district and Ky Anh District, which enrolled in the study. 20% of prostites used the condom in intercourse, their 20% had got sexually transmited diseases. The awareness on HIV/AIDS was underaccessible to them. 30- 50% of drug intravenous users shared the needles, 80% among them used condoms in sexual relation with prostitutes.
HIV/prevention & control ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Knowledge ; Awareness

A study on 816 underage children from 13-19 years old who live with other smoker in the same family in Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh city in 2004. The result showed that: 56.5% male in the study, 80.5% at the age of school, 19.5% leave school. 9.2% among the total are currently smokers. The duration from 7- 12 month: 52.0%; less than 6 months: 28%; over 1 year: 20%. 38.7% underage smoke from 10 to 20 cigarettes per day. The average cigarettes of underage are 7.1± 4.1 cigarettes/day and for average duration 13.25± 10.77 months.
Smoking ; Child ; Epidemiology

Study on 764 households with 3000 participants at Tam Hung and Tan Uoc communes, Thanh Oai district, Ha Tay province. The common disease patterns at these communes lasted for 4 weeks included cough and fever (2.5%), simple fever (2.0%), rheumatic arthritis (2.7%), influenza (1.4%), stomachache (1.2%), neural pains (1.2%), ENT (0.8%), asthma (0.8%), bronchitis (0.7%), diarrhea (0.7%), hypertension (0.4%), etc. 61.5% patients didn’t treat or bought drugs for treatment themselves, only 24.2% of patients used health services at commune health stations. The main reasons of not use health services at commune health stations were mild diseases (51.7%) and not enough time (12.4%). The main reasons for using health services at commune health stations were having medical doctors (60.9%) and available drugs (21.9%).
Delivery of Health Care ; Disease ; Health Facilities

1596 studied health workers have got an average salary of 568,843 ± 172,577 VND and an average allowance of 117,960 ± 117,91 VND each month. 52,7% of interviewed subjects had proposed a minimum salary of 636,790 VND with a promotion step of 2 years (67,2%) and 79,4% subjects had proposed a preterm promotion for good workers
Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Medical Staff

1.220 patients with breast cancer and 1.487 without this one, were diagnosed and treated at the Hospital K in Hanoi. To compare the result of a logic regression analysis on the breast cancer following age group with or without history of insecticide chemical exposure. Authors concluded that female subjects at the age group of 40-49 years old accquired a higher risk of breast cancer versus other groups. Especially in female subjects having the history of exposure to insecticide chemicals, the risk of breast cancer enhanced with multi-times higher than the subjects without this history.
Insecticides ; Age factors ; Breast Neoplasms

A cross-sectional study was performed in 3 state health institutions in Yen Phong district concerning the rate of married women, who have not had used contraceptive measures underwent artificial abortment. The study showed among those subjects, 38.2% have not had used contraceptive measures, because they were frightened of the side effects affecting physical health (83.30%), the breast feeding (48.8%) and the lack of awareness about contraceptive measures (12.4%).
Contraception ; Women ; Therapeutics ; Abortion ; Induced