The study was performed on 326 adolescent from 12 to 19 years old in Da Nang city in 2004. Results: The percentage of adolescent had knowledge on harm of smoking on health was high (99.7%), especially harm of smoking on respiratory system and lung cancer. The percentage of adolescent understood harm of passive smoking including acute respiratory tract infection in children and bronchitis in women was very high (99.1%). The sources of information that the adolescent get knowledge on harm of smoking were television (94.5%), newspaper (29.8%), warnings on packet of cigarettes only accounted for 4.95%.
Smoking ; Adolescent ; Knowledge

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 915 women living together with smokers in Ha Noi city, Da Nang city and Ha Nam province in 2004. There was relationship between occupation and knowledge on cigarette harmful effects on health and belief in warning in pack of cigarettes. Housewifes knew more clearly on effect of cigaretes than traders. Farmers had more belief on warnings in pack of cigarettes than trader did. Health related to belief in warnings in pack of cigarettes. Normal people had more belief on warnings in pack of cigarettes than healthy people. There was no relationship between age, health and knowledge on harmful effects of cigaretes on health
Smoking ; Women ; Knowledge ; Epidemiology

A cross-sectional study was performed in persons who had been smoking cigarettes lived in Ha Noi, Da Nang, Ha Nam and Ho Chi Minh city in 2004. Information collected by direct interview of adult smokers using questionnaires that were designed for the aim of the study. Results: The age group of 25-44 and 45-60 had knowledge about the harm of smoking better than the others. Knowing the harm of smoking between female and male had no significant differences. Comparison with the free laborers, the homemaker groups had knowledge of the harm of cigarette was better. There were relations between knowing the harm, the time of smoking and the number of smoked cigarettes.
Smoking ; Aged ; Sex

Study on 384 women (ages 20 to 49) living in families with smokers in HoChiMinh city in 2004. The results: the rate of women knowing the tobacco’s effect for health was very high (91.5%) and particularly, knowing that tobacco damages the most seriously to respiratory system and causes pulmonary cancer. The rate of woman knowing the passive smoke’ effect was very high (92.5%) and knowing the passive smoke can cause acute respiratory infection in children, bronchitis in adults and abortion in pregnancy. The information resources, which was easy to provide the tobacco’s effect were radio, television and newspaper.
Tobacco ; Knowledge ; Women

Study on 1227 adults smokers living in Ha Noi city, Da Nang city, Ho Chi Minh city and Ha Nam province in 2004 showed that: the interest to warnings in pack of cigarettes related to occupation. Dealers, unemployments had less care to the warnings than freelancers. People had smoked over 15 years had much interest than ones smoked from 10 to 15 years. People smoke 1-2 cigarettes per day and 3-4 cigarettes per day had less care to the warnings than those smoke 10-20 cigarettes per day. There was no relationship between age, condition of health and the interest to warnings in pack of cigarettes
Smoking ; Smoke ; Epidemiology ; Occupations

A qualitative study on health workers, pharmacists working at Health Center of Thanh Oai district, Ha Tay province to identify standard time and needs about doctors for this center in 2005. The highest need was that having doctors working at examination department (50%), surgery department (74%), tuberculosis - infectious disease department (81%), pediatric department - emergency and intensive care department (90%). The number of doctors at internal medicine department, traditional medicine department, imaging diagnosis department exceeded the need from 17-142%
Health Facilities ; Time Factors

Risk of breast cancer is higher in upper 40-year women than in under 40-year women, in non-childbirth women than in childbirth women, in women who have the first children at 25 years old or more than in those who have the first children at lower than 25 years old. Breastfeeding women have lower risk of breast cancer than non-breastfeeding those. The women with history of chloroorganic insecticide exposure have higher risk of breast cancer than those without this history.
Breast Neoplasms ; Risk factors ; Rural Population ; women ; hospitals

A study aimed to find the risk factors such as age, mentrual history, rounds of pregnancy, rounds of delivery and mother’s age when having the first baby carried out in 1,220 patients with breast cancer and 1,487 persons without breast cancer.The results have shown that the breast cancer closely related with age group, age of the first mentruation, but was not related with rounds of pregnancy and round of delivery. The high mother’s age of having the first baby increased the risk of breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms ; Risk factors

A hospital-based case-control study was carried out to identify the age at first live birth and history of exposure to pesticides as risk factors of breast cancer. 1,220 patients with breast cancer and 1,487 age-matched controls examined between 1993-1997 were included in this study. Analyses demonstrated that unmarried women had breast cancer rate of 7.7%. Among cancer women, the number of those who had not any live birth was 121 (9.9%). The rates of cancer among women who were under 20, 20-24, 24-29 and 30 years or more at first live birth were 11.2%, 35.8%, 25.1% and 17.9%, respectively. Women who had history of exposure to pesticides and were 30-34 years at first live birth had higher risk for breast cancer (odds ratio 2.327; p<0.05) than those who were without this history and those had similar history of exposure to organophosphorines, organochlorines, carbamate and so on. (OR: 2.337, 3.107, 6.378, respectively).
Breast Neoplasms ; Risk factors ; Pesticides ; Parturition ; Birth Order

The study described the concern, perception, the health warning design that impressed women in Da Nang city. Study subjects were 330 women aged from 20 to 49 living in family of the smokers enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The results showed that 81. 7% women in Da Nang city were interested in the health warning; 98.2% women believed in the content of the health warning that cigarettes are harmful to the health; and 93.3% women thought the health warning reflected the evidence of the cigarette smoking. 62% women thought that the health warning strongly impressed the community; the content of the health warning reflected accurate harms of smoking, and the design of health warning should be printed bigger (73.9%) and should be on main sides of the package (47.2%). 18.7% of them thought that health warning should be changed periodically and recommended that the time for changing should be once a year.
Smoking ; Women, Health