Objective To investigate the changes of brain function in moderate and high myopia patients using fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF),and discuss the correlation between brain function changes and clinical data of patients with myopia.Methods Totally 21 moderate and high myopia patients (myopia group),and 21 healthy volunteers (normal control group) who were matched with myopia patients in age and gender,were selected to take rs-fMRI examination.The difference of fALFF of brain functional activity in patients with myopia and normal controls was compared,and the correlation between the changes of fALFF and clinical data of patients with myopia was analyzed,Results Compared with normal control group,the fALFF values of myopia group in the region of the left inferior frontal gyrus,putamen and right inferior frontal gyrus,putamen and insula were significantly lower (all P ＜ 0.05,AlphaSim corrected).However,in bilateral cingulate gyrus,bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus,left postcentral gyrus,left superior parietal lobule and region,fALFF values were increased (all P ＜ 0.05,AlphaSim corrected).Conclusion Patients with myopia are accompanied by abnormal neuronal activity in many brain areas,which may reflect the dysfunction of language understanding and attention control in myopic patients.

Objective To compare the clinical value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)and echocardiography in diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Methods 3 6 patients with HCM diagnosed clinically underwent CMR examination,and then compared with the results of echocardiography.Results 36 cases of HCM were all detected by CMR,including 15 cases of ventricular-septal HCM,5 cases of diffuse HCM,4 cases of midventricular HCM,2 cases of anterior-wall HCM and 10 cases of apical HCM.In addition,12 cases were performed enhanced-CMR scanning,and myocardial ischemia was showed in 4 cases and myocardial fibrosis in 5 cases.1 3 cases of ventricular-septal HCM,5 cases of diffuse HCM,3 cases of midventricular HCM and 1 cases of anterior-wall HCM were detected by echocardiography respectively(22/26).There was no significant difference between echocardiography and CMR(26/26)(P＞0.05).However, only 3 cases of apical HCM were detected by echocardiography (3/10)definitlely,and there was statistically significant difference between echocardiography and CMR(10/10)(P＜0.05).Additionally,on CMR theleft ventricular ejection fraction(EF)in all patients [(58.24±3.24)%] was significantly lower than the results of echocardiography [(71.20±6.24)%]and the left ventricular mass (LVM)[(126.54±36.42)g/m2 ]was higher than echocardiography [(84.54±36.42)g/m2 ],and the mean EF and LVM value had a significant difference between echocardiography and CMR (P＜0.05).Conclusion CMR imaging is superior to echocardiography in the diagnosis of HCM and evaluation of cardiac function,especially in the apical HCM.In addition,myocardial perfusion and delayed-enhanced imaging can effectively assess myocardial perfusion and viability in HCM.

Objective To study the value of new 16S rRNA gene chip in pathogen detection of neonatal sepsis.Method Newborns with suspected sepsis hospitalized in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were chosen as the subjects.Blood culture and gene chip were both used to detect the pathogens of these infants.The positive rate,the detection time,and the blood volume needed for detection were compared between the two methods.Result A total of 306 cases of suspected neonatal sepsis were included in the study.Among them,34 (11.1％) were positive for blood culture and 54 (17.6％) were positive for gene chip.98 cases were diagnosed as neonatal sepsis,34 (34.7％) were positive for blood culture,and 52 (53.1％) were positive for gene chip.The positive rate of gene chip was higher than that of blood culture (P ＜ 0.05).For the 5 common pathogens of neonatal sepsis,the positive rate of gene chip was higher than that of blood culture.Time to positivity (TTP) and pathogen identification time of blood culture were (14.6 ± 5.5) h and (72.9 ± 19.0) h,respectively.TTP and pathogen identification time of gene chip were both 3 h.The detection time of gene chip was significantly less than that of blood culture (P ＜ 0.001).The blood volume needed for detection of blood culture and gene chip was 1 ～ 2 ml and 0.5 ml.Gene chip needs less blood volume than blood culture.Conclusion Compared with the traditional blood culture,gene chip can quickly detect the pathogens in the blood with higher positive rate and less blood volume.Gene chip is of great value in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of thromboelastography (TEG) in detecting coagulation status in elderly hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 75elderly patients with hypertension, were selected as the elderly hypertensive group.Meanwhile, 60cases of senile cerebral infarction patients and 47cases of normal elderly were selected as the senile cerebral infarction group and the normal elderly group respectively.The values of R, MA, α-Angle, K, CI were measured by TEG-5000thrombus elastometer and then compared in the three groups.Meanwhile, the values of platelet inhibition induced by AA and ADP were also detected in the elderly hypertensive group.The PLT and WBC of the elderly hypertensive group were detected by automatic five class blood cell analyzer.The correlation between TEG parameters and PLT and WBC in elderly hypertensive group were analyzed.Results Compared with the normal elderly group, the MA and CI of the elderly hypertensive group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), theα-Angle and K were significantly decreased (P＜0.05), the R value was not significantly different (P＞0.05), while in the senile cerebral infarction group, the R was significantly shortened (P＜0.05), the CI was significantly increased (P＜0.05) and the K value was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Compared with the elderly hypertensive group, the R value of the aged cerebral infarction group was shortened (P＜0.05).In the elderly hypertensive group, PLT were negatively correlated with MA, α-Angle and CI, negatively correlated with K value, and not related to R value.WBC was positively correlated with MA, α-Angle and CI, negatively correlated with K value, and low correlation with R value.The proportion of patients ADP inhibition rate≥30％was 41.94％ (13/31), while the proportion of patients AA inhibition rate≥50％was 20.00％ (8/40).Conclusion The detection of TEG is of great significance in helping the clinical diagnosis, treatment guidance and disease monitoring of elderly hypertension, and can prevent the occurrence of complications of hypertension in the elderly hypertensive patients.

Since the utilization of anthracyclines in cancer therapy, severe cardiotoxicity has become a major obstacle. The major challenge in treating cancer patients with anthracyclines is minimizing cardiotoxicity without compromising antitumor efficacy. Herein, histone deacetylase SIRT6 expression was reduced in plasma of patients treated with anthracyclines-based chemotherapy regimens. Furthermore, overexpression of SIRT6 alleviated doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes, and potentiated cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in multiple cancer cell lines. Moreover, SIRT6 overexpression ameliorated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and potentiated antitumor efficacy of doxorubicin in mice, suggesting that SIRT6 overexpression could be an adjunctive therapeutic strategy during doxorubicin treatment. Mechanistically, doxorubicin-impaired mitochondria led to decreased mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. And SIRT6 enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy by deacetylating and inhibiting Sgk1. Thus, SIRT6 overexpression coordinated metabolic remodeling from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration during doxorubicin treatment, which was more conducive to cardiomyocyte metabolism, thus protecting cardiomyocytes but not cancer cells against doxorubicin-induced energy deficiency. In addition, ellagic acid, a natural compound that activates SIRT6, alleviated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and enhanced doxorubicin-mediated tumor regression in tumor-bearing mice. These findings provide a preclinical rationale for preventing cardiotoxicity by activating SIRT6 in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, but also advancing the understanding of the crucial role of SIRT6 in mitochondrial homeostasis.