Objective To investigate the performance of DNA microarray in identifying 6 common Candida spp. and validating ERG11 mutations resulting in fluconazolc-resistance in Candida albicans. Methods Oligonucleotide probes were designed and synthesized targeting the species-specific sequence in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida dubliniensis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei, as well as 6 sequences embracing the following mutations respectively in ERG11 gene leading to fluconazole-resistance, i.c., T541C, A 1090G, C1361T, G1537A, G1547A, and T1559C, then arranged onto a chip. Twelve 50-base-pair oligonucleotides were artificially synthesized based on the above specific sequences, and utilized to hybridize with the DNA microarray. Thirty-lbur Candida strains, including 29 C. albicans, 1 Candida tropicalis, 1 Candida glabrata,1 Candida dubliniensis, 1 Candida parapsilosis and 1 Candida krusei, were detected with microarray. Genomic DNA was extracted from these tested strains and underwent multiple PCR for the amplification of ITS2 region and ERGI 1 gene. Sequencing was performed to analyze the sequence of ERG11 in 29 strains of C. albicans and the results were compared with those of DNA microarray hybridization. Results Multiple PCR successfully produced ITS2 fragment of 307-415 bp from all the 34 strains, as well as ERG11 fragment of 1712 bp from 29 C. albicans strains. DNA microarray hybridization offered the same results in species identification of the 34 strains with their given information, as well as in mutation detection of the 29 strains of C. albicans with ERG11 sequencing results. Also, the 6 synthesized oligonucleotides containing the muta- tions were identified precisely as T541C, A1090G, C1361T, G1537A, G1547A, and T1559C, and the 6 species specific oligonucleotieds were identified correctly as C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei Both the sensitivity and the specificity of the microarray were 100%. Conclu- sion DNA microarray is a quite reliable method to identify Candida spp. and fluconazole resistance-associ- ated mutations in the ERG11 gene of C. albicans.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-132-3p on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells and its regulatory mechanism in order to provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-132-3p in the plasma and endothelial progenitor cells of 27 healthy volunteers and 22 thrombus patients, and in endothelial progenitor cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The miR-132-3p analogue and the specific siRNA were transferred into endothelial progenitor cells by the electroporation method. The effect of miR-132-3p on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells was detected using MMT and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) methods. The effects of miR-132-3p on the expression of FOXO1 in endothelial cells were analyzed using the luciferase assay and western blots. Results The expression of miR-132-3p in clinical patients with thrombosis was significantly decreased to 0.45 ± 0.05 times of that of the healthy volunteers (P＜0.05). The expression of miR-132-3p in endothelial progenitor cells under hypoxia was down-regulated to (0.23 ± 0.13) times of that of under normoxia (P＜0.05). The expression of miR-132-3p of experiment group under hypoxia was up-regulated to (15.72 ± 2.06) times of that of control group (P＜0.05). MMT assay showed that the proliferation of cells in the experimental group under hypoxic condition was up-regulated to (7.79 ± 1.37) times of that in the control group (P＜0.01). CCK-8 assay showed that cell proliferation in experimental group was up-regulated to (6.46 ± 0.38) times of that in the control group (P＜0.01). Software analysis showed that FOXO1 was a direct target of miR-132-3p. Luciferase activity of miR-132-3p mimics transfected endothelial progenitor cells under hypoxic conditions were 0.47 times of that in siRNA treatment group. Western blot showed that the expression of FOXO1 protein in endothelial progenitor cells transfected with miR-132-3p mimics in hypoxia was 0.18 times of that in siRNA treatment group. Conclusions Compared with healthy volunteers, miR-132-3p expression in the blood of patients with thrombosis was significantly reduced that can promote transcription of the FOXO1 gene (and protein expression) and inhibit the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. It could be closely related to the formation of venous thrombosis.

To improve the phenomenon of low participation and lack of innovation in education mode in general medical education elective courses, we have applied "creating significant learning experiences" to the design and implementation of medical general education curriculum, starting from six dimensions of learning including basic knowledge, application, synthesis, humanistic dimension, humanistic care, and learning to learn, setting learning goals, developing assessment tools and finally choosing teaching methods, thus forming a closed-loop teaching. And through the curriculum reform, collection of feedback and collation of data, the teaching activities designed according to this method fully meet and serve the teaching purposes, and assessment methods become more diverse and the content is more comprehensive, which reflects the multi-dimensional evaluation of the needs of general education.

Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2.1 and PI-RADS v2 in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa) by Meta-analysis. Methods The major biomedical databases were searched (CNKI, CBM, Medline, and Embase) with the keywords "PIRADS v2.1" or "PI-RADS v2.1". The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool v2 (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate literature quality. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA17.0 and ReMan5.4 software. Forest plots were used to represent the sensitivity and specificity of PI-RADS v2.1 and PI-RADS v2 for each study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were combined, and diagnostic performance was evaluated using asummary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC). Subgroup analysis was performed on three covariables: tumor location, threshold, and the nationality of authors. Results A total of 12 studies were included, involving 3 158 patients and 3 243 lesions. Forall zones and the whole gland, PI-RADS v2.1 had a larger area under the SROC curve (AUC) for csPCa performance, compared with PI-RADS v2. Subgroup analysis: PI-RADS v2.1 also had a larger area under the SROC (AUC) to detect transitional zone csPCa. Different diagnostic thresholds: when a score of 4 was used for the threshold, PI-RADS v2.1 had the maximum area under SROC (AUC) for csPCa performance detection. Author nationality: Researches of PI-RADS v2.1 in Chinese authors had the largest area under the SROC (AUC) in detecting csPCa performance. Conclusion Compared with PI-RADS v2, the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS v2.1 in detecting csPCa is not obviously improved and overall specificity is still low.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) aged 55 years and above, and to construct a predictive model with columnar graph.Methods:This retrospective study included 406 PTC patients aged 55 and above, treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Nov. 2019 to Feb. 2022. Data on demographic characteristics, disease features, and laboratory test results were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for CLNM and develop a clinical prediction model and nomogram.Results:The study involved 406 patients, divided into a modeling group (285 patients) and a validation group (121 patients). The predictive model identified independent risk factors for CLNM. In the modeling group, the model demonstrated a ROC AUC of 0.769, with 82.6% sensitivity, 63.0% specificity, and 67.7% accuracy. The validation group showed 66.7% sensitivity, 74.5% specificity, and 72.7% accuracy, with an AUC of 0.760. Hosmer-Lemeshow tests indicated good fit in both groups. Decision curve analysis confirmed the model's clinical decision-making value, showing better performance than traditional strategies and good generalizability and reliability.Conclusions:Sex, maximum tumor diameter, bilateral involvement of thyroid lobes, clinically evident cervical lymph nodes, and local invasion are independent predictive factors for CLNM in patients over 55 with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A clinical risk stratification nomogram model based on these risk factors demonstrates good predictive performance.