To study the effect of chitosan on delayed outward potassium current(IK) in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig and investigate its antiarrhythmic mechanism from ion channel view. Patch clamp technique with whole-cell configuration. Holding potential was -40mV,commanding potential was -60- + 70mV ,step pulse +10mV,stimulating frequency 1 Hz,duration 300 ms and stimulating interval 6s. The result showed that Chitosan inhibited IK in a dose -dependent manner. Conclusion :Chitosan can inhibite IK in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig.

AIM To investigate the effect of N methyl berbamine(NMB)on ATP sensitive potassium currents( I KATP )in single ventricular myocytes of guinea pig. METHODS Patch clamp technique with whole cell configuration. Holding potential was -40 mV, commanding potential was -100～+50 mV and duration was 600 ms. Pipette solution contained 0 3 mmol?L -1 ATP. RESULTS NMB inhibited I KATP in a concentration dependent manner. When holding potential was -40 mV and command potential was 0 mV, I KATP were reduced from (0 46?0 09) nA, (0 43?0 15) nA, and(0 47?0 10) nA to (0 37?0 07) nA( n=4,P

Objective To investigate dynamically characteristics of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model.Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and forty-seven rabbit VX-2 tumor models were raised by implanting directly and intrahepatically after abdominal cavity was opened.DWI was carried out periodically and respectively on seventh,fourteenth,and twenty-first day after implantation.Part samples of VX-2 tumors were studied by pathology.The distinction of VX-2 tumors on DWI was assessed by their ADC values.The statistical significance between different time groups,different area groups,or different b-value groups was calculated using SPSS12.0 software,respectively.Results ADC values of 47 VX-2 tumors in the area of tumor periphery,tumor center,and normal parenchyma around tumor were greater when b-value was 100 s/mm2 than those when b-value was 300 s/mm2 and the distinction of VX-2 tumor ADC in the area of tumor periphery,tumor center,and normal parenchyma around tumor between different b-value groups was significant,respectively( F =17.964,P ＜0.01 ; F =13.986,P ＜0.01 ; F =128.681,P ＜0.01 ).The ADC values in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor were greater than those in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery and tumor center when the b-value was 100 or 300 s/mm2.When b-value was the same( 100 or 300 s/mm2),the distinction of VX-2 tumor ADC between different areas was significant( F =176.586,P ＜0.01 ; F =55.089,P ＜0.01 ).The ADC of VX-2 tumor in the area of tumor periphery and tumor center became gradually low from seventh to fourteenth or twenty-first day after implantation and the distinction of ADC between different time groups but the area same (?) was significant( b =100 s/mm2,F =48.211,P ＜0.01 ;b =300 s/mm2,F =20.955,P ＜0.01 ).There were not obvious cellular necrosis in VX-2 tumors on seventh and fourteenth day after implantation but ADC of VX-2 tumor decreased unobviously because of cellular edemata in or around tumors.There were obvious cellular necrotic areas in VX-2 tumors on the twenty-first day after implantation.ADC of viable tumor cells in VX-2 tumors were lower on DWI than that in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor and ADC of dead tumor cells in VX-2 tumors were unequal,including high values,equal values,and low values but they were higher than that in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor after dead tumor cells had been liquified or had become cystic.Conclusions ADC is able to reflect objectively the diffusion of water molecules in the tumor and to reflect indirectly the degree of the growth and liquified necrosis of a tumor.ADC has an important and potential value in monitoring dynamical tumor growth and in evaluating malignant degree and therapeutic effect.

ObjectiveTo investigate its dynamic characteristics and pathological mechanism on magnatic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model.MethodsForty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and forty-seven rabbit VX-2 tumor models were raised by implanting directly and intrahepatically after abdominal cavity was opened.Forty VX-2 tumor models from them were divided into four groups.DWI was performed periodically and respectively for each group after chemoembolization.All VX-2 tumor samples of each group were studied by pathology.The distinction of VX-2 tumors on DWI was assessed by their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.The statistical significance between different time groups,different area groups,or different b-value groups was calculated using SPSS 12.0 software.ResultsWhen b-value was 100 s/mm2,ADC values in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery,VX-2 tumor central,or normal liver parenchyma around tumor became gradually low in sixteen hours after chemoembolization,and were the lowest at sixteenth hour,and then they increased gradually from sixteenth hour to fourty-eighth hour after chemoembolization.The distinction of ADC between different time groups was significant,respectively ( F =7.325,P ＜ 0.01 ; F =2.496,P ＜ 0.05 ; F =6.856,P ＜0.01 ).Cellular edema in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery or normal liver parenchyma around tumor increased quickly in sixteen hours after chemoembolization; however,from sixteenth hour to forty-eighth hour,cellular edema in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor decreased gradually and that in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery decreased lightly at first and then increased continually.Cellular necrosis in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery after chemoembolization was more significant than that before chemoembolization.The areas of dead cells in VX-2 tumors manifested low signal and high ADC value while the areas of viable cells manifested high signal and low ADC value.ConclusionsDWI is able to detect and discriminate tumor necrotic areas from viable cellular areas before and after chemoembolization.ADC of normal liver parenchyma and VX-2 tumor are influenced by intracellular edema,tissue cellular death,and microcirculation disturbance after chemoembolization.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.

Objective: This meta-analysis aims to refine the understanding of the optimal choice between different cage shapes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) by systematically comparing perioperative data, radiological outcomes, clinical results, and complications associated with banana-shaped and straight bullet cages. Methods: A meticulous literature search encompassing PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, and Wanfang Data was executed up to October 5, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on studies comparing banana-shaped and straight bullet cages in TLIF. The quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools such as the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Rigorous evaluations were performed for radiographic outcomes, including disc height (DH), segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), subsidence, and fusion rates. Clinical outcomes were meticulously evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and complications. Results: The analysis incorporated 7 studies, involving 573 patients (297 with banana-shaped cages, 276 with straight cages), all with NOS ratings exceeding 5 stars. No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, or hospitalization between the 2 cage shapes. Banana-shaped cages exhibited greater changes in DH (p = 0.001), SL (p = 0.02), and LL (p = 0.01). Despite statistically higher changes in ODI for straight cages (26.33, p < 0.0001), the actual value remained similar to banana-shaped cages (26.15). Both cage types demonstrated similar efficacy in VAS, complication rates, subsidence, and fusion rates. Conclusion Although banana-shaped cages can excel in restoring DH, SL, and LL, straight bullet cages can provide comparable functional improvements, pain relief, and complication rates.