Prosthetic replacement was performed in 31 patients (32 cases) with femoral neck fractures at National Medical Center from 1968 to 1981. We reviewed the records of 28 patients having Austin-Moore prosthetic arthroplasty in 29 cases, and of 3 patients having Thompson prosthetic arthroplasty; then obtained following results. l. Of the 31 patients, 23 were female and 8 were male. The left hip was involved in 20 patients, right in 10, and the both sides in one. 2. The age range was between 35 and 84 years, with the average age of 61.2 years. 74.2% of patients were older than 51 years of age. 3. The most common cause of fracture was slipping or fall (65.6%), and the fracture sites were subcapital in 11 (34.4%), transcervical in 12 (37.4%), and basilar in 3 (9.4%). 4. Three cases (9.4%) were operated within a week, and 21 cases (65.6%) more than 3 weeks after injury. Good results were obtained in fresh fracture which was operated within a week. 5. In comparing the blood loss in Moores and modified Gibson's surgical approaches, the average total loss by the former was 1,290 ml and 1,720 ml by the latter. 6. In complications, one case of fracture of the posterior rim of acetabulum with subsequent subluxation and two cases of fracture of the greater trochanter were notable as operative complicatiens. 7. In a follow-up study averaging 13.1 months, good to excellent results were obtained in 8 cases, fair in 6, poor or bad in 5, respectively.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur ; Femur Head ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male

Of 62 supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children treated for 10 years, 27 cases are described with follow-up study of 2 years and 6 months on average. These patients were treated percutaneous K-wires fixation after closed reduction. This method takes advantage in stability of fixation, vascular safety with any permissible any position of the elbow, early ambulation and short hospital stay, and low incidence of varus deformity in follow-up. Complication included transient ulnar sensory change, pin-tract infection and inaccurate position of K-wires. We observed 1 case of clinical cubitus varus among 17 cases during more than one-year follow-up and concluded this unhappy result was associated with imperfect initial reduction rather than growth disturbance or initial displacement.
Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Early Ambulation ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Methods

The term odontoma, first introduced by Broca, was originally applied to all odontogenic tumors. Related to the clinical and histological differences, 2 groups of odontoma were defined: compound odontoma and complex odontoma. Complex odontoma is more common in the mandible than in the maxilla, usually occuring in the mandibular premolar-molar area. And this consists of small mass of irregularly arranged enamel, dentine, cementum, and connective tissue, but tooth-like structures are not found. In our case, 34 year old man was diagnosed as the complex odontoma of maxillary sinus by the physical exam, Panex, and C.T scan. We sectioned and removed it, and then confirmed the diagnosis histopathologically. Its uncommon location and size made us report that case and review the literature concerned.
Adult ; Connective Tissue ; Dental Cementum ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Odontoma*

The term odontoma, first introduced by Broca, was originally applied to all odontogenic tumors. Related to the clinical and histological differences, 2 groups of odontoma were defined: compound odontoma and complex odontoma. Complex odontoma is more common in the mandible than in the maxilla, usually occuring in the mandibular premolar-molar area. And this consists of small mass of irregularly arranged enamel, dentine, cementum, and connective tissue, but tooth-like structures are not found. In our case, 34 year old man was diagnosed as the complex odontoma of maxillary sinus by the physical exam, Panex, and C.T scan. We sectioned and removed it, and then confirmed the diagnosis histopathologically. Its uncommon location and size made us report that case and review the literature concerned.
Adult ; Connective Tissue ; Dental Cementum ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Odontoma*

Postural reduction was performed in 20 cases of the closed thoracolumbar compression fracture using a soft pillow from January 1982 to June 1985. The results were summarized as following: 1) The compression fracture or mild burst fracture of the thoracolumbar spines can be restored by the postural reduction in hyperextension position using a soft pillow under the back of thoracolumbar junction. 2) The postural reduction resulted in not only expansion of a compressed vertebral body but also successful fusion. 3) It was most satisfactory when the postural reduction was performed as early as possible, at least within 1 week after injury. 4) The postural reduction is considered a simple and convenient treatment of the thoracolumbar compression fracture.
Fractures, Compression* ; Spine*

PURPOSE: For quantitative estimation of cerebrovascular reserve (CVR), we estimated the cerebral blood flow (CBF) using Lassen's nonlinearity correction algorithm and Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT images acquired with consecutive acquisition protocol. Using the values of CBF in basal and acetazolamide (ACZ) stress states, CBF increase was calculated. MATERALS AND METHODS: In 9 normal subjects (age: 72+/-4 years), brain SPECT was performed at basal and ACZ stress states consecutively after injection of 555 MBq and 1,110 MBq of Tc-99m HMPAO, respectively. Cerebellum was automatically extracted as reference region on basal SPECT image using threshold method. Assuming basal CBF of cerebellum as 55 ml/100 g/min, CBF was calculated for every pixel at basal states using Lassen's algorithm. Cerebellar blood flow at stress was estimated comparing counts of cerebellum at rest and ACZ stress and Lassen's algorithm. CBF of every pixel at ACZ stress state was calculated using Lassen's algorithm and ACZ cerebellar count. CVR was calculated by subtracting basal CBF from ACZ stress CBF for every pixel. The percent CVR was calculated by dividing CVR by basal CBF. The CBF and percentage CVR parametric images were generated. RESULTS: The CBF and percentage CVR parametric images were obtained successfully in all the subjects. Global mean CBF were 49.6+/-5.5 ml/100g/min and 64.4+/-10.2 ml/100g/min at basal and ACZ stress states, respectively. The increase of CBF at ACZ stress state was 14.7+/-9.6 ml/100g/min. The global mean percent CVR was 30.7% and was higher than the 13.8% calculated using count images. CONCLUSION: The blood flow at basal and ACZ stress states and cerebrovascular reserve were estimated using basal/ACZ Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT images and Lassen's algorithm. Using these values, parametric images for blood flow and cerebrovascular reserve were generated.
Acetazolamide ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of cataract surgery and intravitreal bevacizumab injection in patients with cataract and diabetic macular edema. METHODS: Patients received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab(1.25 mg) combined with phacoemulsification and implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, LogMAR) and, central macular thickness (CMT) were measured using OCT at baseline and at one week, one, three, and six months after surgery, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: The mean baseline LogMAR BCVA was 0.84+/-0.50 and mean CMT was 337.1+/-57.50 micrometer. At one week, one, three, and six months after surgery, the mean BCVAs were 0.52+/-0.40, 0.51+/-0.42, 0.52+/-0.34, and 0.46+/-0.37, and the mean CMTs were 356.4+/-86.44 micrometer, 338.8+/-138.4 micrometer, 349.0+/-122.9 micrometer, and 334.2+/-100.4 micrometer, respectively. No adverse events associated with cataract surgery or intravitreal bevacizumab injection were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The short-term results from the present study suggest the combination of cataract surgery and intravitreal bevacizumab injection are safe and effective for the prevention of macular edema aggravation for one month, but has little effect on prevention of macular edema aggravation three months after surgery for diabetic macular edema patients.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Cataract ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Macular Edema ; Phacoemulsification ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term effect and safety of intravitreally injected bevacizumab in patients with macular edema (ME) caused by retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 59 eyes of 51 patients, 29 with ME caused by RVO and 30 with DME, who received intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Fifty-one consecutive patients (59 eyes) with ME associated with RVO and DME were treated with intravitreal injections of 1.25-2.5 mg (0.05-0.1 ml) of bevacizumab. Ophthalmic evaluation was performed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6 months after each injection. Clinical evidence of toxicity and complications, changes of visual acuity with an ETDRS chart (LogMAR), and central macular thickness (CMT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT), were evaluated. RESULTS: The follow-up period was 7.3 months (7.3+/-0.31) and the mean number of injections was 1.2. The baseline mean LogMAR was 1.06+/-0.53 and mean CMT was 479.6+/-160.4 micrometer. At 1, 3 and 6 months, the mean LogMAR was 0.90+/-0.52, 0.80+/-0.39 and 0.78+/-0.39, respectively, and the mean CMT was 316.9+/-86.7 micrometer, 281.1+/-67.4 micrometer and 278.4+/-64.6 micrometer, respectively. No adverse incidents were observed, including cataract, retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and endophthalmitis, although transient increased intraocular pressure was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab injections are safe and effective in ME caused by RVO and DME.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Cataract ; Endophthalmitis ; Eye ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Bevacizumab

PURPOSE: To estimate the annual incidence rate, evaluate any changes, analyze the microbiologic spectrum of infecting organisms, antibiotic susceptibility, and factors associated with visual outcomes of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery over an 8-year period. METHODS: A retrospective investigation of direction, sex, age, culture results, interval duration, and initial visual acuity of 29 patients with endophthalmitis following cataract surgery was conducted from January 2000 to December 2007. The study was divided into two 4-year periods, with patients categorized into either Group 1 or 2. RESULTS: The incidence rate was 0.359%, the major infective organism was Staphylococcus epidermidis, and no significant change was observed during the 8-year period. Vancomycin retained efficacy in all cases, but increased resistance occurred with ciprofloxacin during the 8 years. Increased visual acuity after treatment was greater in Group 2 and the interval from onset of ocular symptoms to ophthalmic consultation was shorter in Group 2, although a statistical significance was not demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Vancomycin remains effective for patients with endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. Patients who initially had good visual acuity showed greater improvement. However, sex, age, or whether or not the patients had a vitrectomy operation, were not statistically significant factors in the improvement of visual acuity.
Cataract ; Ciprofloxacin ; Endophthalmitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Vancomycin ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

A case of nonfunctioning pancreatic islet cell tumor is described. A 34 years old female patient had intermittent epigastric pain and nausea for 6 months and she had nothing suggestive of neuroendocrine symtoms. Physcial examination showed an epigastric mass which wae deepseated, nontender, and well-demarcated. The routine upper endoscopic evatuation was negative. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography showed a well-defined round solid mass with multifocal necrosis but did not revealed the origin of the lesion. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography showed upward and rightward displacement of the proximal body portion of main pancreatic duct with nonvisualization of the secondary branches of pancreatic duct, suggesting that the mass originated from the pancreas. Resection of the mass with partial pancreatectomy and Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy was perfomed and the pathology was coafirmed as nonfunctioning pancreatic islet cell tumor containing somatostatin by immunohistochemical technique.
Adenoma, Islet Cell ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Islets of Langerhans* ; Nausea ; Necrosis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreaticojejunostomy ; Pathology ; Somatostatin ; Ultrasonography