Objective: To explore the differences in the gut microbiota of primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake, so as to provide scientific evidence for better identification of health risks in children and the development of targeted health policies. Methods: In June 2022, a total of 192 healthy primary school students from Chengdu were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The sugar sweetened beverage intake was assessed through a dietary frequency questionnaire. Based on the median daily sugar sweetened beverage intake, primary school students were categorized into a low intake group ( n =96) and a high intake group ( n =96). The gut microbiota in fresh fecal samples from the two groups of primary school students was analyzed using 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing, and the diversity and community structure differences in the gut microbiota were compared. Results: Children in the low intake group had a sugar sweetened beverage intake of (21.3±1.6) mL/d, while the high intake group had an intake of (269.6±37.3) mL/d. Diversity analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the low intake and the high intake group in terms of α diversity metrics: Observed_otus index [298.50 (259.75, 342.25), 305.50 (244.25, 367.75)], Goods_coverage index [1.00 (1.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)], Chao index [304.18 (260.75, 348.78), 305.88 (245.68, 370.88)], Shannon index [5.88 (5.29, 6.45), 5.71 (4.89, 6.28)] and Simpson index [0.95 (0.91, 0.97), 0.94 (0.88, 0.97)] ( Z =-0.64, -0.76, -0.54, -1.76, -1.67, P >0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in β diversity between the two groups ( R 2=0.006, P >0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Blautia [0.033 (0.018, 0.055)] and Fusicatenibacter [0.009 (0.005, 0.015)] were higher in the low intake group compared to the high intake group [0.024 (0.013, 0.041),0.006 (0.003, 0.011)]and differences were statistically significant ( Z =-2.52, -2.81, P <0.05). LEfSe analysis highlighted intergroup differences primarily in Blautia, Fusicatenibacter and Sarcina( LDA= 3.56,3.12,3.53, P <0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the diversity and overall structure of the gut microbiota in primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake. However, there are species variations at the genus level. The information can serve as a scientific basis for identifying health risks in primary school students and formulating targeted health strategies.

Objective This paper aims to investigate and analyze the baseline conformity rate of bacterial culture exami-nation records in a tertiary specialized hospital.By doing this,this paper seeks to understand the current situation of medical re-cord writing of bacterial culture examination and explore the improvement path and relevant measures for enhancing the conformity rate of bacterial culture examination records.Methods According to the requirements of"Quality Control Index of Medical Re-cord Management(2021 Edition)",a retrospective analysis was conducted on 6 317 medical records that underwent bacterial culture examination in 2022.Results The execution rate of medical orders was 100.00％,the completeness rate of the report sheet was 100.00％,the record rate of medical records was 81.05％,the analysis rate of results was 33.07％,and the conformi-ty rate of bacterial culture examination records was 33.07％.Conclusion It is imperative to enhance the conformity rate of bac-terial culture examination records and improve the quality of medical records in terms of content.

OBJECTIVES: The magnesium depletion score (MDS) is considered more reliable than traditional approaches for predicting magnesium deficiency in humans. We explored the associations of MDS and dietary magnesium intake with diabetes. METHODS: We obtained data from 18,853 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Using multivariate regression and stratified analysis, we investigated the relationships of both MDS and magnesium intake with diabetes. To compute prevalence ratios (PRs), we employed modified Poisson or log-binomial regression. We characterized the non-linear association between magnesium intake and diabetes using restricted cubic spline analysis. RESULTS: Participants with MDS ≥2 exhibited a PR of 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19 to 1.34) for diabetes. Per-standard deviation (SD) increase in dietary magnesium intake was associated with a lower prevalence of diabetes (PR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.96). Subgroup analyses revealed a positive association between MDS ≥2 and diabetes across all levels of dietary magnesium intake, including the lowest (PR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.55), middle (PR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.35), and highest tertiles (PR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.37; pinteraction<0.001). Per-SD increase in magnesium intake was associated with lower diabetes prevalence in participants with MDS <2 (PR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.98) and those with MDS ≥2 (PR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.98; pinteraction=0.030). CONCLUSIONS MDS is associated with diabetes, particularly among individuals with low magnesium intake. Adequate dietary magnesium intake may reduce diabetes risk, especially in those with high MDS.

There is still a lack of sufficient evidence-based basis for the treatment of simple gaming disorder. The purpose of this paper is to review the research progress of gaming disorder intervention， in order to provide references for the treatment of patients with gaming disorder. With the development and popularization of the Internet， the adverse events caused by the pathological use of online games have attracted wide attention. At present， gaming disorder has been listed in the International Classification of Diseases， eleventh edition （ICD-11） by WHO. This paper reviewed the latest interventions measures about gaming disorder at home and abroad in the past decade， including psychological， pharmacological and physical intervention methods， and analyzed and summarized these intervention measures， so as to provide references for patients with gaming disorder to formulate a reasonable intervention plan.

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) is the cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in goats. Inactivated vaccines and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) indirect hemagglutination reagents are available for prevention and serological detection, but high culture costs and complex antigen quantification have been plagued by production staff. In order to solve these problems in production practice, a sugar fermentation medium with an initial pH value of 7.8, which could improve the production of two antigens simultaneously, was screened out by changing the initial pH value based on previous Mccp metabolomics analysis. Since phenol red can be identified by UV absorption spectrum and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) can bind to anionic capsular polysaccharide, a UV spectrum measurement method for analyzing the culture stage reached by Mccp and a CTAB precipitation test for relative quantification of capsular polysaccharide antigen content in the fermentation broth were established. The UV spectrum observation method can guide the production of Mccp according to the growth curve of Mccp, which greatly reduces the monitoring time of the traditional CCU method and improves the accuracy of the original eye-observation method. The established CTAB precipitation test can complete the monitoring of CPS content within 5 hours, which greatly reduces the time required compared with the traditional differential technique, and its accuracy was verified by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The optimized culture medium and the two correlation comparison methods established in this study can effectively reduce the production cost of Mccp and improve the production efficiency. The two assays have been used in the research at our laboratory, which provides experimental data for further improvement of the production process of CCPP inactivated vaccine and capsular polysaccharide as well as rapid quantification.
Humans ; Animals ; Goats ; Cetrimonium ; Mycoplasma ; Polysaccharides

Objective:To analyze the clinical effects of the pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap in large chest keloids surgical treatment.Methods:Patients with large chest keloid were treated with the pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap between January 2017 and September 2021. The surgical treatment was divided into two different phases. In the first phase, a tissue expander was implanted beneath the skin within the angiosome of the internal mammary artery perforator. The expander was injected with normal saline once a week. In the second phase, the expander and the keloid tissue were removed, and a pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap was designed to cover the wound. Radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were performed in the postoperative period. The treatment effect was followed up. The postoperative complications were analyzed, and the recurrence and patient satisfaction rates were recorded.Results:A total of 41 patients were enrolled, including 20 male and 21 female patients. The patients’ age ranged from 24 to 64, with a mean disease history of 11.9 years. The mean size of the keloid was 9 cm × 8 cm. Some patients were treated with one expander, but four expanders were needed in some extensive cases. The volume of the expander ranged from 80 to 600 ml. The mean volume was 300 ml, with a mean expansion time of 3 months. The mean flap size was 9 cm × 8 cm. Two cases with distal necrosis were observed. Five cases suffered from partial incision scar hyperplasia. No recurrence occurred during the followed-up period. Thirty-six patients (87.8%) were satisfied with the operation effect, and five (12.2%) thought the effect was acceptable.Conclusions:The pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap is an effective treatment for the large chest keloid. It can provide sufficient skin tissue for wound repair, with a stable blood supply and an excellent curative effect.

Objective:To analyze the clinical effects of the pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap in large chest keloids surgical treatment.Methods:Patients with large chest keloid were treated with the pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap between January 2017 and September 2021. The surgical treatment was divided into two different phases. In the first phase, a tissue expander was implanted beneath the skin within the angiosome of the internal mammary artery perforator. The expander was injected with normal saline once a week. In the second phase, the expander and the keloid tissue were removed, and a pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap was designed to cover the wound. Radiotherapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were performed in the postoperative period. The treatment effect was followed up. The postoperative complications were analyzed, and the recurrence and patient satisfaction rates were recorded.Results:A total of 41 patients were enrolled, including 20 male and 21 female patients. The patients’ age ranged from 24 to 64, with a mean disease history of 11.9 years. The mean size of the keloid was 9 cm × 8 cm. Some patients were treated with one expander, but four expanders were needed in some extensive cases. The volume of the expander ranged from 80 to 600 ml. The mean volume was 300 ml, with a mean expansion time of 3 months. The mean flap size was 9 cm × 8 cm. Two cases with distal necrosis were observed. Five cases suffered from partial incision scar hyperplasia. No recurrence occurred during the followed-up period. Thirty-six patients (87.8%) were satisfied with the operation effect, and five (12.2%) thought the effect was acceptable.Conclusions:The pre-expanded internal mammary artery perforator flap is an effective treatment for the large chest keloid. It can provide sufficient skin tissue for wound repair, with a stable blood supply and an excellent curative effect.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical feasibility, safety, and advantages of small lateral cervical incision for parathyroid exploration and resection.Methods:A total of 31 consecutive patients who underwent parathyroidectomy with a small lateral cervical incision, in the Department of Endocrinology and Breast Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Apr. to Nov. 2021, including 11 males and 20 females, aged (49.32±13.79) years, ranging from 28 to 86 years, were selected to make retrospective statistical analysis of the surgical time, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage and postoperative complications of the patients. All patients were injected with carbon nanoparticles suspension injection guided by color ultrasound to locate the enlarged parathyroid gland before surgery. EXCEL 2019 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Thirty-one patients underwent parathyroidectomy through a small lateral cervical incision. Primary hyperparathyroidism was performed in 19 cases (including 2 cases with bilateral small lateral cervical incision, 2 cases with unilateral excision of thyroid mass combined with parathyroidectomy, 1 case with resection of huge parathyroid adenoma, and 1 case with local anesthesia) . Twelve patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism underwent total parathyroidectomy through bilateral small lateral cervical incision and forearm autogenous parathyroid transplantation (including bilateral thyroid mass resection combined with bilateral total parathyroidectomy and forearm autogenous parathyroid transplantation in 2 cases, local anesthesia and cervical plexus nerve block in 2 cases, and ectopic parathyroid gland in thyroid in 1 case) . Among them, the average operative time of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism was (54.74±27.71 & 74.14±31.73) min, the average intraoperative blood loss was (8.11±5.05 & 14.43±10.94) ml, the average postoperative drainage was (14.37±24.64 & 26.36±32.87) ml, the average postoperative parathyroid hormone was (11.59±16.46 & 26.65±56.38) pg/ml, the average hospital stay was (10.00±5.09 & 10.96±4.55) d, and the postoperative complication rate was (3.2% & 0%) .Conclusions:Parathyroid gland exploration and resection through small lateral cervical incision is a safe and effective surgical method and can also complete thyroid exploration and parathyroidectomy at the same time. Appropriate anesthesia should be selected after a full assessment of the patient’s basic condition.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Paraquat on autophagy level in SH-SY5Y cell and the mechanism of abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein.Methods:Human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y cell) was used as model of dopaminergic neurons in vitro. The cells were treated with different concentrations of PQ (0, 18.75, 37.5, 75, 150, 300, 600 μmol/L) for 24 hours, and induced by 150 μmol/L PQ for 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96 hours to detect the relative survival rate of cells and determine dose/time-effect relationship. The cells were treated with concentration of 0, 75, 150, 300, 600 μmol/L PQ for 24 hours, and induced by 150 μmol/L PQ for different hours to detect intracellular LDH activity. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins(LC3I, LC3II, Beclin1 , Vps34 and p62) and α-synuclein were detected by Western blot. The gene expression level of α-synuclein was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR. The expression level of α-synuclein was also evaluated by immunofluorescence. The cells were pretreated with 100 nmol/L autophagy inducer rapamycin (RAPA) for 6 hours. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and α-synuclein were detected by Western blot.Results:CCK8 assay showed PQ induced cell survival rate decrease in a time and dose dependent manner; Compared with control group, the activity of LDH in the cell supernatant increased significantly after PQ exposure ( P<0.05) ; Western blot analysis showed the ratio of autophagy-related protein LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1 and Vps34 protein expression were significantly lower after PQ treatment while the expression of p62 protein was higher ( P<0.05) ; The protein and gene expression of α-synuclein were increased significantly after PQ treatment ( P <0.05) ; Immunofluorescence showed the fluorescence intensity of α- synuclein in cells was significantly enhanced ( P <0.05) . Compared with PQ group, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 were significantly increased whlie α-synuclein protein level was decreased after RAPA induction ( P<0.05) . Similarly, the IF result showed the fluorescence signal of α- synuclein significantly decreased after RAPA induction ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Paraquat induced autophagy dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells, which leads to an abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Paraquat on autophagy level in SH-SY5Y cell and the mechanism of abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein.Methods:Human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y cell) was used as model of dopaminergic neurons in vitro. The cells were treated with different concentrations of PQ (0, 18.75, 37.5, 75, 150, 300, 600 μmol/L) for 24 hours, and induced by 150 μmol/L PQ for 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96 hours to detect the relative survival rate of cells and determine dose/time-effect relationship. The cells were treated with concentration of 0, 75, 150, 300, 600 μmol/L PQ for 24 hours, and induced by 150 μmol/L PQ for different hours to detect intracellular LDH activity. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins(LC3I, LC3II, Beclin1 , Vps34 and p62) and α-synuclein were detected by Western blot. The gene expression level of α-synuclein was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR. The expression level of α-synuclein was also evaluated by immunofluorescence. The cells were pretreated with 100 nmol/L autophagy inducer rapamycin (RAPA) for 6 hours. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and α-synuclein were detected by Western blot.Results:CCK8 assay showed PQ induced cell survival rate decrease in a time and dose dependent manner; Compared with control group, the activity of LDH in the cell supernatant increased significantly after PQ exposure ( P<0.05) ; Western blot analysis showed the ratio of autophagy-related protein LC3II/LC3I, Beclin1 and Vps34 protein expression were significantly lower after PQ treatment while the expression of p62 protein was higher ( P<0.05) ; The protein and gene expression of α-synuclein were increased significantly after PQ treatment ( P <0.05) ; Immunofluorescence showed the fluorescence intensity of α- synuclein in cells was significantly enhanced ( P <0.05) . Compared with PQ group, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 were significantly increased whlie α-synuclein protein level was decreased after RAPA induction ( P<0.05) . Similarly, the IF result showed the fluorescence signal of α- synuclein significantly decreased after RAPA induction ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Paraquat induced autophagy dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells, which leads to an abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein.