Breast cancer has become the most common malignant tumor and the major cause of cancer-related death for women around the world. The number of patients shows an increasing trend recently. Breast cancer is a big threaten to wom?en’s health and quality of life. With the development of molecular biology, molecular biomarkers have been found assiciated with prognosis in patients with breast cancer, which makes it possible to predict cancer patient survival precisely and practi?cally. This review summarized those new developments of biomarkers on the prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To establish the acute hind limb ischemia on Wistar rat with diabetes mellitus.MethodsThirty diabetes rats were induced by intraperitoneal STZ (50 mg/kg) injection, as well as the blood glucose level tested over 16.8 mmol/L. The rats were ligated on the left femoral artery, then the blood perfusion on the hind limbs ischemia was measured by LDPI after the operation. Results The fasting plasma glucose level on 22 Wistar rats(81.5%) was kept above 16.8 mmol/L, and the hind limb blood perfusion would recover slowly to the level of the right side from 1 to 14 day (P

Objective To investigate the trends in incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer from 1981 to 2002 in Tianjin,China and to predict future trends and facilitate future prevention.Methods All new cancer cases registered in the Tianjin Cancer Registry between 1981 and 2002 were reviewed.Yearly age-specific,crude and age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated for males and females.Secular trends of incidence and mortality were indicated by the estimated annual percentage change(EAPC).Results A total of 8206 cases of esophageal cancer were reported in Tianjin form 1981 to 2002,with 5533 males and before 45 years,but increased rapidly after 45 years.The median age of esophageal cancer cases was 69 years,with quartile range from 62 to 75 years.The peak for age specific incidence in females was 75-80 years,which was earlier than that in males(aged 80-85).But recent data indicated that the peak age in females had increased and became similar to that of the males.The crude and age-standardized incidence rates(ASIR)of esophageal cancer decreased in last 22 years.For male and female,crude incidence decreased by 2.22% and 3.56% per year and ASIR decreased by 5.18% and 6.56% per year.The mortality of esophageal cancer decreased in the last 22 years.Conclusion The incidence of esophageal cancer decreased in the last 22 years in Tianjin,but there is little overall improvement in survival.

Objective To identify snoRNA, which may be related to prognosis of gastric cancer. Methods Ninetygastric cancer patients who diagnosed at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were randomly collected in this study, and their clinical data were followed up. A total of 405 snoRNA expression profiles were analyzed in 90 gastric cancer patients. Patients were classified aslow expressiongroup orhigh expressiongroup according to the median expression of each snoRNA expression, which was calculated by univariate and multivariate survival analysis. We also screened out the snoRNAs, in which patients were survived differently. Patients were classified as high, middle, or low risk groups based on the snoRNA risk score. Values of age, gender, smoking, drinking, histological differentiation (well, moderately-differentiated and poorly differentiated), clinical stage (Ⅰ+Ⅱstage andⅢ+Ⅳstage), tumor size (<5 cm and≥5 cm), tumor location (upper 1/3 and others) and snoRNA risk score (high, middle, and low risk group) were assessed by multivariate Cox analysis. Results There were significant differences in overall survival and (or) progression-free survival rates in 19 patients with high and low snoRNAs expressions (P<0.05). Results of multivariate Cox analysis showed that patients with high expression of ACA61,ACA27 and U36A showed a higher overall survival and progression-free survival rates, while patients with high expression of ENSG00000206898 showed a lower overall survival and progression-free survival survival rates (P<0.01). SnoRNA risk score is an independent prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer. Compared with low risk group, patients in middle risk group and in high risk group showed a shorter overall survival and progression-free survival rates (P<0.001). Conclusion The expressions of ACA61, ACA27, U36A and ENSG00000206898 are independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer. Low expressions of the first three indexes and high expressions of the last one predict a bad prognosis.

To realize the medical semantic annotation of mammogram, a semantic modeling approach for micro-calcifications in mammogram based on hierarchical Bayesian network (BN) was proposed. Firstly, support vector machines (SVM) were used to map low-level image feature into feature semantics, then high-level semantic was captured through fusing the feature semantics using BN. Finally semantic model was established. To validate the method, the model was applied to annotate the semantic information of mammograms. In this experiment, 142 images were chosen as training set and 50 images as testing set. The results showed that the accuracy of malignant samples was 81.48%, and that of benign samples was 73.91%.
Bayes Theorem ; Breast Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Calcinosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Models, Theoretical ; Radiography ; Semantics ; Support Vector Machine

Objective To assess the test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) and its correlation with other overactive bladder symptom (OAB)evaluation tools among Chinese OAB patients. Methods Fifty OAB patients completed the OABSS,PPBC, IPSS forms and a three-day voiding diary card for twice in day 0 and day 14±2, respectively.Test-retest reliability was examined using internal correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Kappa coefficients between first and second application of OABSS. The internal reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's α coefficient method. Pearson or/and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for testing the correlation between OABSS and IPSS, IPSS QOL, PPBC as well as clinical variables in the three-day voiding diary cards. Results ICC of OABSS total score was 0.9172, weighted Kap-pa coefficients of individual scores in OABSS were 0.5902-0.9274;Cronbach's α coefficients were 0. 3069 and 0. 3285, respectively. In the first and second application of OABSS, the Pearson correlation coefficients were 0. 2643-0. 6900 between OABSS and clinical variables in the three-day voiding diary card (except for average daily frequency of urination);the Pearson correlation coefficients were 0. 4734 and 0. 4929, and the Spearman correlation coefficients were 0. 4133 and 0. 4149 between OABSS and IPSS total score;the Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.4083 and 0.4127 between OABSS and PPBC. Conclusions The Chinese version of OABSS manifest test-retest reliability among Chinese OAB patients. It has also a high correlation with IPSS total score, PPBC and clinical variables in the three-day voiding diary cards.

Objective To explore an effective surgical treatment to the keloid of mons pubis.Methods From March 2008 to January 2015,local flap and adjacent flap (including ilioinguinal flap and rectus abdominal musculocutaneous flap) were performed,and used to repair the defect after surgical removal of the keloid in 25 patients,and all the patients were received postoperative local radiotherapy,and then chi square test was applied to evaluate the effect in the six aspects,including perineal form,skin color,pubic hair distribution,satisfactory effect,skin texture and sense.Results The local flap group was better than the adjacent flap group in perineal form,skin color,pubic hair distribution,satisfactory effect,but there was no significant difference in skin texture and sense.Conclusions For the keloid of mons pubis,the first choice is local flap graft,which can maintain the normal mons pubis formation as most as possible,while the wound is so large that the local flap cannot work,and therefore the vascular pedicle axial flap should be used.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and risksof the treatment of facial acne scar with dermabrasion combined with Recell® technology.

METHODS30 patents with II or III degree facial acne scars were treated with dermabrasion and Recell® (skin active cell transplantation) technique in our department from October 2010 to October 2011. The affected area in the face was dermabraded with micro motor system. Then a small piece of razor-thickness skin graft was obtained and processed with Recell® kit. Several milliliterof autologous uncultured epidermal cell suspension was applied to the facial wound and covered with appropriate dressings.

RESULTSTheeffectiveness and risks of this treatment was evaluated with regard to wound healing time, postoperative complication rate, erythema period, etc. Wound healing time was shortened to 5-7 days. The erythema period was also observed shortened with this technique. Within the follow up period, no hyperpigmentation was reported in this case serial.

CONCLUSIONDermabrasion combined with Recell® (skin active cell transplantation) technology can provide a safety and effective treatment approach for patients with facial acne scars.

Acne Vulgaris ; complications ; Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Cicatrix ; etiology ; surgery ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Dermabrasion ; methods ; Epithelial Cells ; transplantation ; Face ; Humans ; Skin ; cytology ; Treatment Outcome ; Wound Healing

Objective To study the effect of background music on spatial long-term learning and memory in rats.Methods Morris' water maze was used to examine the mean latencies and strategies of the rats to the target while playing rock music(RM) and light music(LM).The long-term memory was tested on day 7 after the training sessions.Results During Morris' water maze training,no significant difference was found in the mean latencies and the strategies to the target between RM and LM groups as well as LM and the normal control(NC) groups.But the mean latency in RM group was significantly longer than that in the NC group.The average percentage of straight strategy in RM group was significantly smaller than that in the NC group.The examination of memories,when tested on day 7 after the end of training,indicated that the mean latencies and the strategies to the target as well as the time taken to cross the target in the three groups were not significantly different.Conclusion Background rock music can influence the spatial learning ability,but not the spatial long-term memory.On the other hand,there is no effect in the spatial long-term learning and memory when light background music is played.

Objective To investigate the impact of usnic acid on neuronal necroptosis in rats with cerebral infarction by regulating the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1(RIPK1)/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3(RIPK3)/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein(MLKL)signaling pathway.Methods The rat model of cerebral infarction was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion(MCAO/R).The successfully modeled rats were divided into model group,NEC-1(RIP1 inhibitor)group,low-,medium-,and high-dose of usnic acid groups,with 20 rats in each group.Another 20 rats were selected as a sham-operation group.After 3 days of drug intervention,the modified Neurological Severity Scale(mNSS)was applied to evaluate the degree of neurological damage of rats in each group.TTC staining was applied to detect the volume of cerebral infarction.HE staining was selected to observe pathological damage in brain tissue.PI/NeuN staining was selected to observe neuronal necrosis.RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA levels of RIPK1,RIPK3 and MLKL in rat ischemic brain tissue.Western Blot was used to determine the expressions of RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway related proteins in rat ischemic brain tissue.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,the neural cells in the model group showed structural damage,cell disrupted,deformation,and nuclear pyknosis,furthermore,the mNSS score,the cerebral infarction volume,proportion of PI-positive neurons were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The mRNA levels of RIPK1,RIPK3,MLKL in brain tissue,ratio of p-RIPK1/RIPK1,and the levels of RIPK3 and MLKL proteins were obviously increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the damage degree of neurocyte morphology in the low-,medium-,and high-dose of usnic acid groups was gradually alleviated,the nuclear membrane was gradually became clear,and the cell body was gradually returned to normal.The neurocyte morphology in the NEC-1 group was basically intact,and the nuclear membrane was basically clear.The mNSS score,cerebral infarction volume and proportion of PI-positive neurons in NEC-1 group and usnic acid groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The mRNA levels of RIPK1,RIPK3,MLKL,ratio of p-RIPK1/RIPK1,and levels of RIPK3 and MLKL proteins in brain tissue were obviously reduced in usnic acid groups and NEC-1 group.Also,there was dose-dependent decrease in usnic acid groups(P＜0.05).No statistically obvious difference was found between the high-dose usnic acid group and the NEC-1 group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Usnic acid inhibits neuronal necroptosis in rats with cerebral infarction by inhibiting the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway,thereby alleviating brain injury in rats with cerebral infarction.