OBJECTIVES: To examine emotional and psychological characteristics associated with suicide attempts in depressed patients. METHODS: A sample of 37 inpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder or depressive disorder NOS was divided into two groups : lifetime suicide attempters(N=15 ; 40.54%), non-attempters(N=22 ; 59.46%). Beck Depression Scale(BDI), Beck Anxiety Scale(BAI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HARS), and MMPI-2 were used to evaluate symptoms severity and psychological characteristics. RESULTS: Suicide attempters scored higher on the BDI though there were no group differences on the HDRS and on the both anxiety scales. Also they showed higher scores on the F, Fb, Pa, RC1, DEP, HEA, PK, AAS among MMPI-2 subscales. Our findings suggest that suicide attempters among depressed patients undergo more severe subjective distress and difficulties in adjustment than non-attempters. Also they were more hostile to others and showed lower trust. Lastly, they showed more somatic complaints and substance related problems. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that suicide attempters among depressed patients have distinct emotional and psychological characteristics. MMPI-2 would be helpful to assess suicidal risk of depressed patients.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Pyrrolidines ; Suicide ; Weights and Measures

Although causative factors are not completely defined, carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer is attributed to multiple genetic alterations. The abnormal expressions of oncogenes are regarded to be responsible for the production of malignant phenotype, subsequent invasion and metastasis. From 63 surgically resectable colorectal adenocarcinoma patients, expression of oncogenes in colorectal cancer tissue was evaluated with immunohistochemical staining methods using monoclonal antibodies to products of the oncogenes. To evaluate the possibility of oncogenes as a prognostic factor, we studied the relationship between the expression of oncogenes and the clinicopathologic findings which are well known prognostic factors. Rates of expression in colorectal cancer tissue were 27% for c-myc, 74.6% for c-Ha-ras and 77.8% for c-erbB-2 oncogenes. The positive rate of c-erbB-2 oncogene was higher in the well differentiated group than in the poorly differentiated group. The rates of expression of c-myc and c-Ha-ras oncogenes were significantly correlated each other. Expression of these oncogenes in colorectal cancer were not correlated with the pathologic stage, location of cancer, DNA ploidy pattern and histologic differentiation except between c-erbB-2 and histologic differentiation. In conclusion, there seems to be a possibility that c-erbB-2 could be used as a prognostic factor of colorectal cancer. However, further and more intensive study seems to be required.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carcinogenesis ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; DNA ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogenes* ; Phenotype ; Ploidies

No abstract available.
Diabetic Neuropathies*

The prognostic significance of vascular (blood and lymphatic vessels) invasion was evaluated in a retrospective review of 27 patients with upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma from January 1985 to December 1993, who underwent a nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection. Vascular invasion was found in 10 patients (37%). The incidence of vascular invasion was well correlated with tumor grade and stage. The incidence of postoperative metastases was significantly higher in the patients with (70%) than without (17.6%) vascular invasion (p<0.05). The survival rate of the patients with vascular invasion was significantly lower than in those without vascular invasion (p<0.01). In multivariate Cox`s regressional analysis the prognostic value of vascular invasion was independent of tumor grade and stage. These results indicate that vascular invasion should predict a more unfavorable outcome in patients with upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma as an independent morphological indicator.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymphatic Vessels* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Ceftizoxime* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Trophoblasts*

OBJECTIVE: This study was aiming at estimating the joint effects of various risk factors associated with uterine cervix cancer in Korea. METHODS: Data obtained from a case-control study were analyzed with a multiplicative model. RESULTS: After adjustment for age and husband's educational attainments, the family history of cervical cancer (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.2-3.9), unstable marital status due to separation, by death or divorce, etc. (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.7-4.6), and a large number of deliveries (> or = 3 vs. nulliparous OR=6.5, 95% CI=1.4-29.9) increased the risk of uterine cervix cancer. Conversely, first sexual intercourse at an older age (> or = 25 years vs. <19 years OR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2-0.6) and husband's circumcision (OR=0.7, 95% CI=0.5-1.0) decreased the risk. In the multiplicative model, the highest joint risk (OR=39.2, 95% CI 5.9-258.9) was observed in women with a family history of uterine cervical cancer, an unstable marital status, where the ex-husband was not circumcised, with 3 or more delivery experiences, and having her first sexual intercourse when younger than 19 years of age. However, women without a family history of uterine cervix cancer, married to a circumcised husband, having had her first sexual intercourse at 25 years or older, and nulliparous, showed the lowest joint effect (OR=0.3, 95% CI=0.1-0.5). CONCLUSION: As carcinogenesis is a complex action involving various factors, we consider a joint effects approach to be appropriate in an epidemiological study on risk factors for uterine cervix neoplasms.cervix neoplasm.
Carcinogenesis ; Case-Control Studies ; Cervix Uteri* ; Circumcision, Male ; Coitus ; Divorce ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Joints* ; Korea* ; Male ; Marital Status ; Models, Statistical ; Risk Factors ; Spouses ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Diode laser photocoagulation was performed in the pigmented rabbits, after intravenous administration of the Indocyanine green(4mg/kg). Exposure time and spot size were fixed at 0.2 second and 200um, and laser power varied in the range of 200-250mW to achieve gray-white burn. Ophthalmoscopic examination 1 hour later revealed that whitish photocoagulated lesion appeared somewhat larger in the ICG- administrated group than in the control. Depigmented border of the lesion appeared more distinct in the ICG- administrated group than in the control at 1 week later. There was no distinct difference between both groups at 1 month later. Histopathologically, degree of retinal damage was similar in both groups, but occlusion of choriocapillaris was more severe in the ICG- administrated group than in the control.
Administration, Intravenous ; Burns ; Indocyanine Green* ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Light Coagulation* ; Rabbits ; Retinaldehyde

We conducted a retrospective study of 41 cases of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with radical nephrectomy by our department between January 1987 and December 1993. The prognostic pathological parameters considered were tumor extension (pT stage), nuclear grading, histological grading, cell type, histologic growth pattern and tumor size. In the univariate analysis by log-rank test, three parameters showed prognostic significance, including pT stage, nuclear grading and tumor size. However, in the multivariate analysis using Cox's regressional hazard model, only two parameters including pT stage (p<0.001), nuclear grade (p<0.05) were found to have significantly independent prognostic value. But, nuclear grade considered in a given stage provided no significant influence (p>0.05). We think that nuclear grading cannot predict the outcome of patients at the same surgical stage. These results suggest that pathological stage of RCC may be the most important prognostic factor and the nuclear grade of tumor may provide additional important prognostic information.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nephrectomy ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies