No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Insulinoma*

No abstract available.
Complementary Therapies* ; Korea*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Ploidies* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Vitamin K Deficiency* ; Vitamin K* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Vitamin K Deficiency* ; Vitamin K* ; Vitamins*

Most of malignant tumors in the urinary bladder is transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) deriving from the urothelium. Clinical stage and histopathologic grading of the TCC of the urinary bladder is important in the determination of the patient's prognosis. To investigate the correlation between the prognostic factors and the expression of the various oncoproteins and growth factors in each grade of the TCC, immunohistochemical stains for c-erbB2, c-myc, c-fos, bcl-2, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) were performed in the formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues of the TCC (Grade I; 15 cases, Grade II; 20 cases, Grade III; 15 cases) of the urinary bladder. The immunoexpression rate of c-erbB2 was immunoexpression 78.0% in the grade I, 85.0% in the grade II, and 95.0% in the grade III TCC. The immunoexpression rate of c-myc, c-fos and bcl-2 was below 5% in each grades of TCC. The p53 immunoexpression was identified in 11.5%, 24.3% and 30.6% of the grade I, II, and III TCC, respectively. The PCNA and TGF-alpha expression was 53.0% and 27.6% in the grade I, 77.3% and 32.7% in the grade II, and 78.2% and 37.3% in the grade III TCC, respectively. These results suggest that the expressions of c-myc, c-fos, bcl-2, and TGF-alpha are similar in each grade of the TCC and the positivity of c-erbB2, p53, and PCNA shows an increasing tendency for the higher grade TCC of the urinary bladder. Therefore, c-erbB2, p53, and PCNA are clinically useful predictors of the patient's prognosis.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Coloring Agents ; Formaldehyde ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urothelium

Since the olecranon fractures are caused by relatively low-energy injuries, such as a fall from standing height, they are usually found without comminution. Less commonly they can be developed by high-energy injuries and have severe concomitant comminution or injuries to surrounding structures of the elbow. Because the fracture by nature is intra-articular with the exception of some avulsion-type fracture, a majority of olecranon fractures are usually indicated for surgical treatment. Even if there is minimal displacement, surgical treatment is recommended because there is a possibility of further displacement by the traction force of triceps tendon. The most common type of olecranon fracture is displaced, simple non-comminuted fracture (that is, Mayo type IIA fractures). Although tension band wiring was the most widespread treatment method for these fractures previously, there is some trends toward fixation using locking plates. Primary goal of the surgery is to restore a congruent joint and extensor mechanisms by accurate reduction and stable fixation so that range of motion exercises can be performed. The literature has shown that good clinical outcomes are achieved irrespective of surgical fixation technique. However, since the soft tissue envelope around the elbow is poor and the implants are located at the subcutaneous layer, implant irritation is still the most common complication associated with surgical treatment.
Elbow ; Exercise ; Fracture Fixation ; Joints ; Methods ; Olecranon Process* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tendons ; Traction

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Papillary* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia*