INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis, the most common metabolic bone disorder, is a condition of reduced bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures. Osteoporosis is a major public health problem and a significant cause of morbidity in postmenopausal women. Therefore family physicians as primary care physicians are in a key position for preventing and treating this disorder. So we studied the factors affecting to bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 136 spontaneous postmenopausal women were participated in the study. They have measured spinal bone mineral density by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry from January 1992 to June 1995 at Yeungnam University Hospital. Age, height, weight, age at menarche and menopause, number of child and breast feeding child, history of oral pill ingestion, family history of osteoporosis, amount of milk and coffee ingestion, consumption of tobacco and alcohol and physical activity were assessed by qustionnaire and medical records. RESULTS: physical activity and weight were significant contributors. Physical activity is most the largest contributor. CONCLUSIONS: Among factors affecting to BMD in postmenopausal women, physical activity and weight were more important factors. Therefore continuous physical activity is significant factor to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density* ; Breast Feeding ; Child ; Coffee ; Eating ; Female ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Menarche ; Menopause ; Motor Activity ; Osteoporosis ; Physicians, Family ; Physicians, Primary Care ; Public Health ; Tobacco

During the period of 4 years from May, 1981 to April, 1985, 71 cases of obstructing subinfundibular muscular bundles of the right ventricle in congential cardiovascular anomalies were diagnosed by cariac catheterization and angiography at Hanyang University. The finding of right ventricular angiogram and degree of the right ventricular outflow obstruction, clinical data, electrocardiographic data and hemodynamic data were correlated irrespectively. The summary of this article is as follows. 1) The age of patients was ranged from 1 to 22 years old with a mean age of 8 years old. There were 39 males and 32 females with M:F ratio of 1.2:1. The incidence of obstructing subinfundibular muscular bundles of the right ventricle in congenital cardiovascular anomalies was higher with increasing age. 2) The associated cardic anomalies were as follows: 40 cases (56%) of isolated ventricular septal defect(VSD), 13(18%) of tetralogy of Fallot physiology, 7(10%) of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA), 3(4%) of pulmonary stenosis, 1 aortic stenosis, 1 double outlet of right ventricle(DORV), 1 trilogy, 1 ostium secundum defect, etc. The incidence of VSD with or without other associated cardiovascular anomalies was 56 cases(79%) out of 71 cases. 3) Maximum systolic pressure gradient between proximal and distal chamber of the right ventricle were under 25 mmHg in 32 cases, between 25 and 50 mmHg in 13 and above 50 mmHg in 26. Pressure gradients of all 7 cases with PDA were under 25 mmHg. 4) Correlative assesment of angiographic manifestation(2 indicies:Diameter of right ventricular outflow tract(systolic phase)/diameter of tricuspid valvular annulus(diastolic phase)=OT/TV, Diameter of right ventricular outflow tract(systolic phase)/Length of right ventricular diaphragmatic surface(systolic phase)=OT/RV) according to pressure gradient, OT/Tv and OT/RV values were lower the increasing pressure gradient, between proximal and distal chamber of the right ventricle. These were reverse correlations but coefficients of correlation(r) were-0.49and -0.48. Therefore, the degree of right ventricular outflow obstruction could be predicted, using 2 indices of right ventricular angiogram in individual cases, but could not be calculated accurately. 5) This indicated that pressuer gradient was also affected by technical errors, variable cardic anomalies, development of sinusoid, age and the other factors. 6) We assumed that non-invasive Doppler echocardiography could be useful in making the diagnosis and follow up of the patient with obstructing subinfundibular muscle bundles in right ventricle.
Angiography ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; Blood Pressure ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Electrocardiography ; Equidae ; Female ; Heart Ventricles* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Physiology ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Ventricular Outflow Obstruction ; Young Adult

From 1960 through 1965, 39 cases with epileptic seizure caused by the Cystricercus cellulosae were experienced at Kaejong Mental Hospital, Okku-Gun, Chollapukdo province. The present study was carried on at the area of Chollapukdo province where Cysticercus cellulosae cases were frequently reported. Thrity-nine Cystricercus cellulosae cases(35 male and 4 female) with epileptic seizure visited Kaejong Mental Hospital . Okku-Gun, Chollapukdo during the years of 1960-1965 from various Gun(county): Okku-Gun 13, Kimje-Gun 7, and Soonchang-Gun 6. The high incidence was found at the age group of 20-49 years and the distribution of 214 subcutaneous nodules were as follows: Trunk 56.6 percent, upper extremities 26.6 percent, head and neck 9.3 percent, lower extremities 7.5 percent. According to the address of above 39 cases, taenia infestation of the inhabitants in the area was examined by questionaire form. Plain rural area (Maryong-Ri, Okku-Gun); Among 803 persons interviewed, 4.0 percent or 32 complained the output of Taenia segments. The male group showed higher incidence (6.4 percent) than the female(1.5 percent) . The highest incidence was observed at the age group of 30-39 years. Most of the inhabitants of the area had the eating habit of raw beef and pork. Mountainous rural area(Bok-Heung-Myun, Soonchang-Gun); Among 542 persons interviewed, 33 or 6.1 percent complained Taenia infection. The higher incidence was observed in the male group(8.7 percent) than in the female group(3.1 percent) , and also at the age group of 20-49 years. They had eating habit of raw beef and pork. The species of adult worm were identified by morphological examination. Totally 36 adult worms(Taenia saginata 21, T. solium 15) were obtained from 26 cases, and it was experienced that 5 T. solium were eliminated from one person.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda ; Taenia solium ; cysticercus ; epidemiology

PURPOSE: To assess the signal enhancement by gadolinium-DTPA-polylysine (Gd-polylysine) as compared to gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA) in MR imaging of heart that have undergone ischemia-reperfusion, and to estimate the extent of myocardial damage covered bythe MR signal enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of contrast enhanced cardiac MR images were obtained from 17 cats subjected to a 90 minutes of occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by a 90 minutes of raperfusion. Time courses of changes in the signal intensity (Sl) of the ischemic area were measu red in Gd-polylysine group (8 cats) and Gd- DTPA group (9 cats). The size of U R signal enhanced area was then compared to the sizes of infarction and the area at risk revealed byTTC histochemical staining. RESULTS: Maximum Sis were obtained at 60 minutes and 30 minutes after injection of the contrast material, respectively for Gd-polylysine group and Gd-DTPA group. Signal enhancement was stronger and persistent for a longer period in Gd-polylysine group than in GD-DTPA group. Sizes of the enhanced area, the infarction, and the area at risk were about 30%, 15%, and 50% of the total left ventricle (LV) area; the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Gd-polylysine can be used better for a blood pool marker than Gd-DTPA in MR imaging of myocardial ischemia, due to its strong and persistent signal enhancement. The MR signal enhanced area includes both the infarcted area and a portion of the area at risk.
Animals ; Cats* ; Coronary Vessels ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Gadolinium* ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pentetic Acid ; Polylysine*

The importance of facet joint asymmetry has been debated as a cause of the low back pain and sciatica. And many studies have been proposed about the relationship between facet joint angle or facet joint asymmetry and the development of the disc degeneration or disc herniation. In the diagnosis of the spinal disorder, we have been used mainly myelogram and computed tomography. Several years ago, more advancement has been achieved by use of magnetic resonance image (MRI). Author studied the relationship between the facet joint angle and facet joint asymmetry and the development of the herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP) or spinal stenosis by comparision of the facet joint angle and facet joint asymmetry in each groups. Author reviewed the patients who were diagnosed as HNP or spinal stenosis with computerized tomography (CT) or MRI and treated with operative method at the department of orthopaedic surgery, Dong-A University Hospital. Facet joint angles were measured on the mid-disc cut, which was parallel to the inferior vertebral end-plate of the superior vertebra. The angles were measured by a midsagittal line through the disc and intersecting lines formed by conneqting the two end points of each facet. Facet joint asymmetry was determined by the difference between right and left facet joint angles. The results were compared between each groups and comparison group and statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal- Wallis test in 95% confidence interval. The patients had only one level involved and had no other spinal disorder. 85 cases of HNP (central in 35 cases and lateral in 50 cases) and 50 cases of spinal stenosis were evaluated. The results were as follows: l. At the level of L4-5, the mean facet joint angles (+/-SD) were 42.50+/-5.52 (Rt.), 46.71+/-9.68 (Lt.) in central HNP, 40.91+/-9.11 (Rt.), 41.23+/-8.51 (Lt.) in lateral HNP, 37.77+/-11.41 (Rt.), 37.95+/-11.91 (Lt.) in spinal stenosis and 42.38+/-5.07 (Rt.), 41.25+/-5.85 (Lt.) in control group. 2. At the level of LS-S1, the mean facet joint angles were 48.83+/-5.64 (Rt.), 48.17+/-4.62 (Lt.) in central HNP, 52.20+/-11.30 (Rt.), 51.60+/-9.06 (Lt.) in lateral HNP, 42.67+/-8.89 (Rt.), 43.50+/- 9.85 (Lt.) in spinal stenosis and 43.91+/-7.88 (Rt.), 43.76+/-7.81 (Lt.) in control group. 3. At the level of L4-5, the mean facet asymmery was 6.35+/-6.04 in central HNP, 6.95+/-6.76 in lateral HNP, 6.47+/-5.56 in spinal stenosis and 4.31+/-5.42 in control group. 4. At the level of L5-S1, the mean facet asymmetry was 4.95+/-5.18 in central HNP, 4.72+/-5.25 in lateral HNP, 5.50+/-4.83 in spinal stenosis and 4.42+/-4.96 in control group. In conclusion, there were no statistically significant relationships between the magnitude of the facet joint angle and development of the HNP and spinal stenosis, and between the facet asymmetry and development of the HNP and stenosis.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sciatica ; Spinal Stenosis* ; Spine* ; Zygapophyseal Joint*

The aseptic loosening has emerged as one of the most common and serious long term complications, which requires the revision of total hip replacement arthroplasty. We studied the radiologic finding of the aseptic loosening in 79 patients of uncemented total hip replacement arthroplasty which had been performed in our hospital from March 1991 to December 1994. We evaluated the white reaction lines, osteolysis state, translation and migration in postoperative and last follow-up radiographies. The white reactive lines around the femoral stem and the acetabular cup were most frequent in zone IV and zone II. But it was not progressive and need more long term follow-up evaluations to confirm whether these lines are related to loosening or not. In assessment for stable state, the more stable at initial fixations, the better state of long term stability. Some patients have pain without loosening but all patients with loosening have pain. Press fit is the most important factor of the late stability. The osteolysis is not directly proportional to femoral loosening in this study, but it might be due to short follow up time.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteolysis

The incidence of herniated lumbar disc under the age of 19 years is increasing due to increased sports activity of teenager and development of diagnostic methods. 33 cases of herniated lumbar disc of the teenager was analyzed at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dong-A College of Medicine from March 1990 to May 1994. The results were obtained as follows: 1) Among 413 patients, 33 patients(7.9%) were teenagers and the sex ratio was 2.3:1 in male to female. 2) Average intervals between the onset of clinical symptoms and the admission were 13.2 months. 3) 20 cases(60.6%) had a definite trauma history, and among these cases, 14 cases(70.0%) were associated with sports activity. 4) The most common level of herniation was L4-5 in 29 cases(64.4%), straight leg raising test was positive in 32 cases(97.0%), sensory change in 13 cases(39.4%), motor weakness in 10 cases(30.3%). 5) Among positive MRI findings(32 cases), 17 cases(53.1%) were the protruded type. 6) Among 23 operative cases, 21 cases had excellent or good results.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Spine ; Sports

Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Jaw ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus ; Rehabilitation ; Surgery, Oral

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnant Women*

The use of osseointegrated implants is an accepted procedure for the treatment of Total, or partial edentulism and offers good predictability of long-term success. Osseointegration implies a firm and direct interlocking between vital bone and screw-shaped titanium implants. There should be not to interposed tissue between fixture and bone. This study was undertaken to assess the clinical condition, complication, and prosthodontic aftercare of different implant systems. One hundred fifty-nine patients treated with a total of 503 endosseous implants (364 Steri-oss threaded type, 69 Integral cylinder with HA coated type, 35 Steri-oss threaded with HA coated type, 21 Steri-oss cylinder with HA coated type and 14 3i implant type), Most of the implant were placed in type B and C bone quantity and type 2 and 3 bone quality according to Lekhorm and Zarb. The success rate of Steri-oss threaded type during healing and function was 92%, Steri-oss threaded type with hydroxyapatite coated was 91%, Steri-oss cylinder type with hydroxyapatite coated was 90%, Integral cylinder type with hydroxyapatite coated was 90% and 3i implant type was 93%. One hundred twenty-nine patients had been treated with implant prosthesis. 79 of these patients had received a fixed type prosthesis and 50 patients had received a removable type prosthesis. There were no differences between the implant systems with regard to age, gender. Failures were associated with poor bone quality, smaller implant sizes, a surgical installation technique and stress distribution when in function. Visual analgoue scales recorded as satisfied results functionally and esthetically, but 15% dissatified with chewing ability.
Aftercare ; Dental Implants* ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Mastication ; Mouth Rehabilitation* ; Mouth* ; Osseointegration ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthodontics ; Titanium ; Weights and Measures