No abstract available.
Dementia*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome* ; Humans ; Plasmapheresis*

Exercise is one of the most ubiquitous triggers of acute bouts of asthma. Late asthmatic responses(LARs) have been described following strenuous exercise, as in allergen-induced asthma. However, most studies have reported that airway responsiveness is not increased after exercise, even in subjects with LAR to exercise. This suggests that LAR after exercise may not be associated with inflammatory changes in the airways. We have frequently seen asthmatic children whose complaint is that symptoms are exacerbated at night after strenuous daytime exercise. Furthermore, airway responsiveness to allergen was reported to increase after LAR to exercise. Therefore, it is crucial to know whether exercise can induce airway inflammation, as in allergen-induced asthma. As an indirect measure to investigate it, we measured the activation status of eosinophil granulocyte in the peripheral blood during the early and late phase of exercise- or allergen-induced asthma. Eight subjects who showed early asthmatic response(EAR) and LAR(group 1), or EAR only (group 2) to allergen (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) challenge were selected. Similarly eight subjects who showed EAR and LAR(group 3), or EAR only (group 4) to exercise were selected. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, the early phase, the late phase, and 24 hours after each stimuli. Eosinofphil cationic protein (ECP) was measured in the serum. Eosinophil granulocytes were separated and the production of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) from purified eosinophfis was measured after stimulation with the calciumionophore. Serum levels of ECP were unchanged at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge. In the dual responder to allergen (group 1), serum ECP level was elevated at LAR and 24 hours after allergen challenge, as compared with the baseline level. On the other hand, in the dual responder to exercise (group 3), it remained unaltered up to 24 hours after exercise challenge. Eosinophils at EAR after allergen or exercise challenge in each group generated the similar amounts of LTC4 as baseline values. In group 1, the production of LTC4 was slightly increased though not significantly at LAR, and significantly increased 24 hours after allergen challenge. In group 3, it was increased significantly at LAR, but restored to the baseline values at 24 hours after exercise challenge. These results indicate that not only allergen but also exercise can activate eosinophils in accordance with LAR. The present findings suggest that LAR to exercise may also have the potential to induce airway eosinophilic inflammation although its duration may be shorter than that of LAR to allergen. Therefore exercise should be understood not only as a triggering factor of bronchoconstriction but also as one that incites or deteriorates airway inflammation.
Asthma* ; Bronchoconstriction ; Child ; Ear ; Eosinophils* ; Granulocytes ; Hand ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Leukotriene C4

Myocardial bridging is defined as segmental engulfment of a major epicardial coronary artery by myocardial fibers, causing a systolic narrowing or milking effect of the coronary arterial segment. During systole, the intramuscular part of coronary artery is compressed by contraction of overbridging ventricular muscle, therefore blood flow distal to the lesion is impaired and angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction may occur. We experienced a case of Non-Q myocardial infarction in a 42 years-old female patient with myocardial bridge at the proximal and middle part of left anterior descending coronary artery.
Adult ; Angina Pectoris ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Humans ; Milk ; Myocardial Bridging* ; Myocardial Infarction ; Systole

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of Osstem(R) USII plus system implants. Clinical and radiographic data were analyzed for 88 implants placed and functionally loaded for a 12 month period at the Yonsei University Dental Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Based on the patient's medical records, clinical factors and their effects on implant marginal bone resorption, distribution and survival rate were analyzed. The marginal bone loss was evaluated at implant placement and during a 6 to 12 months functional loading period. The independent sample t-test was used to evaluate the interrelationship between the factors (alpha=0.05), and one way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the amount of marginal bone resorption. RESULTS: The cumulative survival rate for 88 implants was 100%. The marginal bone resorption from implant placement to prosthetic delivery was 0.24 mm and the average marginal bone resorption from prosthetic delivery to 12 months of functional loading was 0.19 mm. The total average bone resorption from implant placement to 12 months of functional loading was 0.43 mm. There were no statistically differences in the amount of marginal bone resorption when implants were placed in the maxilla or the mandible (P>.05), however, implants placed in the posterior areas showed significantly more marginal bone loss than those placed in the anterior areas (P<.05). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, the short term clinical success rate of RBM surface treated external connection domestic implants showed satisfactory results and the marginal bone loss was in accord with the success criteria of dental implants.
Bone Resorption ; Dental Implants ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Medical Records ; Survival Rate

Crohn's disease is an acute or chronic inflammatory disorder, characteristically non- specific granuloxaatous neerotiziag, cicatrical low grade inflammation, occuring in various portions of the entire oro-gastraintestinal tract. The etiology is not clearly defined and rather uncertain. The disease is a heterogenous & dubious entity with multiple systemic manifestations. The incidence of the disease is geographically unequal in world wide distrihution. And male and female are equally involve. In June, 1985, a case of 17-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed by clinico-micro- scopic examination at Han Yang Univ. hospital. And then, we report with a review of world literatare.
Adolescent ; Crohn Disease* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Male

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Every effort has been continually made to obtain objectivity in measuring the longevity of fixed restorations, such as by establishing unified judgement standard for deciding success and adopting statistical method that analyzes the data of successful and failed cases at the same time. In Korea, however, desired level of development has not to be made in this field yet. PURPOSE: This study, adopting California Dental Association (CDA) quality evaluation system, established objective standard for deciding success, and inferred the longevity of fixed restorations and their failure analysis through adopting Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Material and method. In order to assess the longevity of fixed restorations serviced in Korea and causes of failure, a total of 1109 individuals (aged 15-74, 716 women and 393 men loaded with 2551 unit fixed restorations, and 1934 abutments) who lived in Kyung-In Province were examined and the findings were as follows: RESULTS: 1. Length of service of fixed restorations serviced in Korea was 6.86+/-0.15 yr (mean), 5.5 yr (median), and the rate of success was 65.82% in 5 year survival, and 21.15% in 10 year survival. 2. When there was patient's need for replacing old prosthetics, longevity of fixed restorations was 7.51+/-0.27 yr (mean), 7 yr (median), and the rate of success was 61.08% in 5 year survival, and 17.57% in 10 year survival. 3. Longevity of fixed restorations was longest in the over-sixty age group(9.21+/- 0.66) and that of the teen age group(3.39+/-0.28) was shortest (p<0.05). 4. Longevity of fixed restorations of women (7.38+/-0.18 years) was longer than that of men (6.00+/-0.26)(p<0.05). 5. As for the provider factor (such as unlicensed performers, university hospitals, and private clinic), there was no statistically significant difference in longevity of fixed restorations. 6. Defective margin (34.78%), periodontal disease (12.15%), periapical involvement (11.73%), was the most frequent causes of failure and poor esthetics group showed the longest life above all (p<0.05). Actual frequent causes of failure after removing old prosthetics were defective margin, periapical involvement, periodontal disease and uncemented restoration. In 75.67% of the cases, abutment state after removing old prosthetics was good enough for loading another prosthetics. 7. There was found to have statistically significant influence between longevity of single crown (6.35+/-0.20 yr) and that of 3 unit fixed restorations (7.60+/-0.30 yr) (p<0.05). In each case the most frequent cause of failure was defective margin. 8. The number of cantilever pontic, pontic/abutment ratio, oral hygiene status were found to have no statistically significant influence on longevity of fixed restorations in all groups (p>0.05). 9. Longevity of fixed restorations made of non precious metal was longest (9.60+/-0.40 yr), semi precious and precious trailing behind(p<0.05). 10. Group function group (37.04%) and partial group function group (44.62%) were predominant in frequency but showed no correlation between them and among different types of occlusal plane and different types of occlusal surface (p>0.05). 11. Longevity of fixed restorations was longest in the centric interference group(9.35+/-0.62) (p<0.05) among different types of occlusal interference. CONCLUSION: We found that longevity of fixed restorations serviced in Korea is affected by age, gender and type of material, and that most frequent cause of failure is defective margin. In order to assess the accurate longevity of fixed restorations, unified research design, overcoming inter-observer difference and establishing the objective research items are needed. Furthermore, it is thought that prospective approach through thorough study and regular follow-ups is needed just from the start of research. Nationwide detailed studies on length of service of fixed restorations manufactured in Korea are hoped to be conducted hereafter.
Adolescent ; California ; Crowns ; Dental Occlusion ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Esthetics ; Female ; Hope ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea* ; Longevity* ; Male ; Oral Hygiene ; Periodontal Diseases ; Research Design ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVES: Using a retrospective analysis on the fusion rate and the postoperative improvement in symptoms, this study evaluated the clinical feasibility of a bone graft in lumbar fusion surgery in the following cases: (1) Group I: local autograft, (2) Group II: local autograft and iliac crest autograft, and (3) Group III: local autograft and customized heterograft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the patients who had undergone a decompression and lumbar posterolateral fusion for various lumbar diseases, between January 1997 and December 1999, 178, in who 2 year follow-up observations had been possible, were selected for this study. The patients were allocated to 1 of 3 groups, Group I (47 patients), Group II (57 patients) and Group III (74 patients). For each group, the mean patient ages were 58.3, 49 and 62.4 years old, respectively, with male to female ratios of 24:23, 23:24 and 36:38. Postoperative radiographs were taken at 2 weeks, 3 months and 1 year, and further follow-up observations were conducted at 1-year intervals. The bone fusions was determined, along with the fusion rates, based on Lenke's criteria, and the post-operative clinical outcomes were evaluated as excellent, good, normal and poor, using Kim's method. A statistical analysis was performed with Chi-square tests. RESULTS: From the follow-up observations for over a year, the radiographic evaluations showed that the fusion rates of Groups I and II, over B: 86.6 and over B: 88.9%, were superior to the over B: 80.1% of Group III, but with no statistical significance. For the clinical outcomes, the 78.1 88% over good results were superior to the 69.4% of Group III, which also showed statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The selective use of customized heterograft was assumed to be effective in an insufficient autogenous bone or a difficult autogenous bone collection even though it causes significantly lower improvement in the symptoms.
Autografts ; Decompression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants*

The figures and it's legends didn't match each other. So we correct them.

BACKGROUND: Thromboxane A2 and endothelin-1 are the potent vasoconstrictors affecting pulmonary pathophysiology in response to whole body inflammatin following CPB. Aprotinin, as an antiiflammatory agent, may decrease the release of such vasoactive substance from pulmonary tissues, preventing pulmonary hypertension after cardiopulmonary bypass. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Ten mongrel dogs(Bwt. ac. 20kg) were subjected to cardioupulmonary bypass for 2 hours and postbypass pulmonary vascular resistance(0, 1, 2, 3 hours) were compared with prebypass level. The dogs were divided into 2 groups; control group(n-5) and aprotinin group(n=5). In the aprotinin group, aprotinin was administered as follows; 50,000 KIU/kg mixed in pump priming solution, 50,000 KIU/kg prebypass intravenous infusion over 30 minutes, 10,000 KIU/kg/hour postbypass continuous infusion. Prebypass and postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hour pulmonary vascular resistance were measured. At prebypass and postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes, blood samples were obtained from pulmonary arterial and left atrial catherers for the assay of plasma thromboxane B2 a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, and endothelin-1 concentrations. RESULT: The ratios of pustbypass over prebypass pulmonary vascular at postbypass 0, 1, 2, 3 hours were 1.28+/-0.20, 1.82+/-0.23, 1.90+/-0.19, 2.14+/-0.18 in control group, 1.58+/-0.18, 1.73+/-0.01, 1.66+/-0.10, 1.50+/-0.08 in aprotinin group ; the ratios gradually increased in control group while decreased or fluctuated after postbypass 1 hour in aprotinin group. There was statistically significant difference between control group and aprotinin group at postbypass 3 hours(P=0.014). Pulmonary arterial plasma concentration of thromboxane B2(pg/ml) at prebypass, postbypass 0, 90, 180 minutes were 346.4+/-61.9, 529.3+/-197.6, 578.3+/-255.8, 493.3+/-171.3 in control group, 323.8+/-118.0, 422.6+/-75.6, 412.3+/-59.9, 394.5+/-154.0 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 339.3+/-89.2, 667.0+/-65.7, 731.2+/-192.7, 607.5+/-165.9 in control group, 330.0+/-111.2, 468.4+/-190.3, 425.4+/-193.6, 4.7.3+/-142.8 in aprotinin group. These results showed decrement of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation in aprotinin group. Pulmonary arterial concentrations of endothelin-1(fmol/ml) at the same time sequence were 7.84+/-0.31, 13.2+/-0.51, 15.0+/-1.22, 16.3+/-1.73 in control group, 7.76+/-0.12, 15.3+/-0.71, 22.6+/-6.62, 14.9+/-1.11 in aprotinin group. Left atrial concentrations were 7.61+/-17.2, 57.1+/-28.4, 18.9+/-18.2, 31.5+/-20.5 in control group, 5.61+/-7.61, 37.0+/-26.2, 28.6+/-21.7, 37.8+/-30.6 in aprotinin group. These results showed that aprotinin had no effect on plasma endothelin-1 concentration after cardiopulmonary bypass. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass could attenuate the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance after bypass. Inhibition of pulmonary thromboxane A2 generation was thought to be one of the mechanism of this effect. Aprotinin had no effect on postbypass endothelin-1 concentration.
Animals ; Aprotinin* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Dogs ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Plasma* ; Thromboxane A2 ; Thromboxane B2* ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasoconstrictor Agents