A case of neonatal diabetes mellitus is described. The child presented with low birth weight but was normal in appearance. She was acidotic and ketonuria was observed. The HLA typing was DR1 and 3, and insulin autoantibodies were negative. Genetic analysis with polymorphic DNA markers for chromosome 6 indicated biparental inheritance. She required insulin therapy for the control of hyperglycemia, and insulin dependence continues after 8 months of age.
Autoantibodies ; Child ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Genetic Markers ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Ketosis ; Wills

No abstract available.
Coffee* ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures*

The real time high resolution mechanical neurosonographic sector scanner is a convenient and useful instrumentfor detection of intracranial lesions in premature infants as well as low birth weight. From this experience,authors report with 104 neonates and infants who had been suspected intracranial hemorrhage and had been detectedand graded by sonography. The results were as followed: 1. The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage is 20 of 46(43.5%) neonates who had been studied before 3 days of age. But 7 of 16(43.7%) neonates showed ICH between the 4-7days of age. 2. There was no difference of prevalence in sex ratio in neonates with ICH. 3. There was closerelationship between ICH and gestational weeks. 15 of 27 (55.6%) neonates who were born under 32 gestational weeksshowed ICH was graded as 3 or 4 in 7 of 10. 4. 10 of 16(62.5%) neonate who were born under 1,500 gram body weighthad ICH within first 4 days. The severity of ICH was graded as 3 or 4 in 7 of 10. 5. The mode of deliveryinfluenced neonatal ICH incase of difficulty delivery such as forcep(4/4, 100%), vacuum (7/10, 70%), breech (3/3,100%), and C/S(13/33, 39.4%). 6. Incidence of ICH in neonates with pathologica lung conditions (29/40, 72.5%) washigher than ICH with normal chest findins(15/64, 23.4%). 7. For frequent follow up study of brain, neurosonographywas very helpul and economic in case of ICH, and could find congenital glioblastoma multiformed(1), and low gradeastrocytoma(1) incidentally.
Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glioblastoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Sex Ratio ; Thorax ; Vacuum

Diabetic mastopathy is a clinicopathologic entity which was first described as a dense fibrous breast mass in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this article was to document diabetic mastopathy histologically which had been diagnosed as fibrocystic disease and to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures in breast mass simulating malignancy in diabetic patients. We examined eight excisional breast biopsies from seven patients. Three diabetic patients with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus presented with bilateral (2 patients) or unilateral (1 patient) rapidly growing palpable breast masses. Four patients with type II noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus presented with bilateral (2 patients) or unilateral breast mass (1 patient). One patient had no symptoms. All of them had late complications of diabetes mellitus such as nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. Mammographic findings such as ill- defined mass density and asymmetric increased density suggested malignancy. However, all of them had been diagnosed as fibrocystic disease. On review, the most consistent pathologic finding was keloid-like stromal fibrosis. Others were ductitis or ductulitis, thickening of basement membrane of ducts or ductules, mononuclear perivasculitis and lobulitis. Six of eight breast satisfied all five criteria for diabetic mastopathy.
Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Fibrosis ; Humans

We managed 118 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia by transurethral resection during January 1994 and December 1995 in Eul Ji Medical Center and all patients were operated upon by 2 staff doctors. Among 118 cases, 7 cases with intraoperative complications such as bladder injury or severe prostatic capsule injury and 8 cases with combined neuropathic bladder or chronic urinary retention and 2 cases with urethral stricture were excluded. The average age of 101 cases were 66.4 years old (50-92), and average weight of resected adenoma was 10.0 gm (2-32). We categorized these patients randomly into 2 groups. In group I (n=48), we removed the urethral catheter within 2 days after TURP and in group II (n=53), we removed it after 3 days (mean 4.2 days) following surgery. The average hospital stay postoperatively was4.1 days in group I and 7.4 days in group II. Recatheterization rate was 8.3% (4/48) in group I and 5.6% (3/53) in group II (p>0.05). There was no statistical difference in other complication including failure to void, intraoperative bleeding, urethral stricture, incontinence and TUR syndrome. This study supports early catheter removal after TURP would become an accepted and routine postsurgical practice following uncomplicated TURP.
Adenoma ; Catheters* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Length of Stay ; Prospective Studies* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention

A clinical observation was made on 5 cases of primary ureteral tumors admitted to the Department of Urology, Presbyterian Medical Center during the period from August, 1970 through March, 1978. Clinical and radiographic findings are summarized below: 1. Among 5 cases of primary ureteral tumors, 4 cases in male, 1 case in female. 2. The range in age was from 58 to 75 years, average 66 years. 3. Duration of symptoms varied from 1 day to 1 year, common symptoms are hematuria and flank pain (1 case). 4. The side of lesion: left 3 cases , right 2 cases. 5. All tumors are located in the lower third of ureter. 6. The characteristic urographic and cystoscopic findings are as follows ; Non-visualizing kidney disclosed by intravenous pyelogram in 3 cases, hydroureteronephrosis in 2 cases. filling defect of ureter in 2 cases. The appearance of tumor in the orifice on cystoscopy in 2 cases. 7. Nephroureterectomy with excision of a cuff of the bladder was performed in all cases.
Cystoscopy ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Protestantism ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

PURPOSE: Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) is a hereditary multi-systemic disease resulting from mutations of AT gene and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, cancer, immune system defects, and hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation. AT gene has a homologue sequence of PI3-kinase. The activity and cellular function of PI3-kinase in AT gene remains unclear. This study was undertaken to evaluate the function of AT gene through the effect on cell survival and differentiation by the inhibition of AT gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: NH2-terminal portion of AT gene was isolated from MCF-7 cells by RT-PCR. The isolated DNA fragment was ligated in reverse orientation in pcDNA3. This antisense ATM expression vector was transfected to PC-12 cells by calcium phosphate method, and the transformed cells were selected using G418 and immunohisto- chemistry. To analyze the cell survival and differentiation, cells were cultured in serum free medium supplemented with/without NGF. We performed the immunoprecipitation for the p53 induction of cells after ionizing radiation, and the FACS for the apoptosis of cells after the exposure of wortmanin. RESULTS: PC-12 cells which down-regulated AT gene (like ATM, AT mutated) showed decreased survival and ceased differentiation with NGF. Also, PC-12 (ATM) cells showed increased apoptosis with wortmanin and reduced or delayed p53 induction after ionizingradiation. CONCLUSION: Results obtained from these studies suggest that AT gene regulates survival and differentiation of PC-12 cells through PI3-kinase activity. It seems that apoptosis is induced by the inhibition of AT gene expression.
Apoptosis ; Ataxia Telangiectasia ; Calcium ; Cell Survival ; Chemistry ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; Hypersensitivity ; Immune System ; Immunoprecipitation ; MCF-7 Cells ; Nerve Growth Factor ; Phenotype* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Radiation, Ionizing

Each three rabbit corneas were stored in McCarey-Kaufman medium at 4 degrees C for 5, 9 and 14 days and used as donor materials in 6mm partial penetrating corneal allografts. These results were compared to that group of penetrating keratoplasties with corneas stored conventional moist chamber at 4 degrees C for 5 days. All the M-K media stored corneas for 5 and 9 days were in clear graft after keratoplasty during the observation period of 6 months but the corneas stored for 14 days were developed eventvally irreversilde opaque after grafts. At 6 months after keratoplasties allthe rabbits eyes were enucleated and sectioned for histopathologic study of endothelia with the light and electron microscopes. Endothelia of the corneas stored for 5 and 9 days showed rarely endothelial degenerative changes. But the corneas stored up to 14 days showed significant changes including of disappearanee of most endothelial membranes and cytoplasms in light microscopies and swelling of nucleus, dispersed chromatin clump, multiple small and large vacuoles in cytoplasm and occasional autolysis of cytoplasm were observed in electron microscopies.
Allografts* ; Autolysis ; Chromatin ; Cornea* ; Corneal Transplantation ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Membranes ; Microscopy ; Rabbits ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Vacuoles

No abstract available.
Keratins*

We examined the amyloid deposit in various malignant cutaneous epithelial tumors by using Dylon stain. Histochemically identifiable amyloid deposits associated with basal cell epitheliomas(BCEs), squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs) and Bowens diseases were studied with monoclonal cytokeratin antibodies and anti-amyloid P antibodies. The results were as follaws, l. Amyloid deposits were detected in 5 of 12 BCEs, 4 of 11 SCCs, 3 of 9 Bowens diseases and 1 of 8 actinic keratoses. Amyloid deposits were not detected in o keratoacanthomas, 2 verrucous carcinomas, 1. Pagets disease and 3 extramammary Pagets diseases. 2. Anti-keratin antibody 34BE12 and anti-amyloid P antibody reacted with amyloid deposits in 3 of 5 BCEs which showed abundant amyloid deposits by Dylon stain. 3. Of 4 SCCs which showed amyloid deposits by Dylon stain, anti-keratin ant.ibody 34pE12 reacted with amyloid deposits in 2 cases and anti-amyloid P antibody reacted with amyloid deposits in 3 cases. 4. Anti-amyloid P antibody reacted with arnyloid deposits in 3 of 3 Bowens diseases which showed arnyloid deposits by Dylon stain. Anti-keratin antibody 34pE12 reacted with amyloid deposits only 1 of them. These findings suggest that epidermal keratins are the percursor substance of amyloid in malignant cutaneous epithelial tumors. The difference of antikeratin staining pattern between BCE-associated amyloid and SCC or Bowens disease-associated amyloid may be the results of difference in development stage of cutaneous amyloids.
Amyloid* ; Antibodies ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; Keratins ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Plaque, Amyloid*