BACKGROUND: Maritime medicine refers to the medical care and education of medical disease which may develop during a cruise. Recently, cruise passengers are increasing around the world and maritime medicine has been initiated in Korea with beginning of the trip to Mt. Kumgang in 1998. Nowadays, there are about 4,000 passengers per week. Therefore, the data were analyzed to promote the understanding of maritime medicine, which was first applied on the Mt. Kumgang cruise, and to help the medical members who will be participation in the maritime medicine in the future. METHODS: From November 1998 to February 1999, all patients who visited to medical cabin of the cruise ship(Hyundai Pongnae) were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: 2,162 patients excluding 182 patients who re-admitted were analyzed. In each cruise, there were 65.5(9.0%) passengers and 42(13.0%) crews. The male to female ratio was 1.6 : 1, with 709 males and 451 females. The common problems were respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases followed by dematologic and gastrointestinal problems in order of frequency. There were 18 patients who had trauma above 4 points in ISS. Ten patients were confined to the medical cabin. The ship returned to Donghae-port one time, 8 patients were evaluated immediately and 41 patients were referred without urgency. CONCLUSION: Maritime medicine has a particular characteristic of dealing with various cases and treatments including emergencies with limited space, man-power, facilities and equipment. It obviously proposes the participation emergency medical doctors in the maritime medicine because medical personnel must take part in not only medical management but also in education and prevention including CPR. The medical staff in charge of maritime medicine should establish a proper plan depending on the purpose of the cruise and must endeavor to solve the problem.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Education ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Medical Staff ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Ships

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital*

No abstract available.
Humans*

We have experienced 20 cases of the cerebral rete mirabile from 1969 to 1975. All were proved by bilateral carotid angiography, and clinical assessment and angiographical analysis were attempted. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Age distribution was ranged from 5 to 55. The majority of 20 cases were age over 20 as 15 cases who were distributed evenly in each decade and 5 cases were age below 20. 12 cases were male and 8 female. 2. Authors classified the cases as the group of subarachnoid hemorrhage and non-subarachnoid hemorrhage conveniently. All cases of age below 20 comprised in the group of non-subarachnoid hemorrhage while majority of subarachnoid hemorrhage group were age over 20. 3. There were no contributory factors to cerebral rete mirabile with regard to past history and family background. 4. There were considerable differences in the symptoms and signs between the groups of subarachnoid hemorrhage and non-subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clinical manifestations were mainly headache and impairment of consciousness with meningeal sign in the group of subarachnoid hemorrhage. On the other hand, motor disturbance such as hemiparesis or monoparesis was occurred in the majority of non-subarachnoid hemorrhage and the minority showed speech impairment, seizure and choreiform movement. 5. All cases showed the characteristic angiographic findings of cerebral rete mirabile, which are occlusion or stenosis at the supraclinoid portion of internal carotid artery with abnormal fine vascular network around the base of brain and poor or non-visualizing anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries. The interesting picture was rete formation of ophthalmic artery in the orbit of 2 cases. There were no abnormal angiographic findings on the vertebral angiogram except retrograde filling to anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries through collateral channel from the posterior cerebral artery. 6. The prognosis of the cerebral rete mirabile seem to be favorable with regard to mortality. There were no death in our 20 cases during the period of observation.
Age Distribution ; Angiography ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Chorea ; Consciousness ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Hand ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Mortality ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Orbit ; Paresis ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

This is the clinical statistics concerning the admissions in the Pediatric Department of the Chosun University Hospital during the past 5 years from Jan. 1975 to Dec. 1979. All the patients were classified by y Classification of Disease by W.H.O. The Obtained results are as follows: 1. Total number of admission during 5 year period were 3249 cases, of which 2121 cases (65.28%) were male, 1128 cases (34.72%) were female and male to female ratio was 1.88:1. 2. The number of patients were increased every year gradually. 3. On age group, Infancy age group was the most frequent group, 714 cases (22%), followed by School age group, 6679 cases (20.9%) and Preschool age group, 679 cases (20. 9% ) in the order of frequency. 4. On monthly distribution, there was the more admission in the September and the Autumn on season, 5. Infectious and Parasitic diseases were the most frequent, 840 cases(25. 9%), followed by Neonatal disease, 573 cases (17.6%) and Respiratory disease, 476 cases (14.7%) 6. Ten major leadil1g causes of hospitalization were Diarrheal disease, 323 cases (9. 9%) ,prematurity, pneumonia, common cold, epidemic encephalitis, hyperbilirubinemia, epilepsy, glomerulonephritis, hepatitis and typhoid fever in the order frequency.
Classification ; Common Cold ; Encephalitis, Arbovirus ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hepatitis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Inpatients* ; Male ; Parasitic Diseases ; Pneumonia ; Seasons ; Typhoid Fever

STUDY DESIGN: The authors designed the retrospective study with the Load-Sharing Classification in 47cases of the bursting thoracic-lumbar fractures, which were operated using the pedicle screws. OBJECTIVE: To judge the effectiveness of posterior short segment instrumented fusion in thoracic-lumbar fractures according to the Load-Sharing classification. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From 1995 through 1998, 47 patients who had been operated with short segment transpedicular instrumentation including fractured vertebra were selected and they were divided two groups, one below 6 point of Load-Sharing score, the other above 7 point. In follow up of average 39 months, the guide of reduction loss, which include the change of anterior vertebral body height and sagittal index were analysed statistically with the Student T-test at the postoperative time and the last follow-up time. RESULTS: In group below 6 point, the average of anterior vertebral body height was 56.2% before the operation and reduced 77.6% after the operation and measured 76.4% at final follow-up. The reduction loss was 1.2%. The sagittal index of preoperative 19.4degree became 10.6degree after the operation and measured 11.8degree at the last follow-up. The loss of correction angle was 1.2degree . In the other group above 7 point, anterior vertebral body height was average 51.7% before the operation and reduced 75% after the operation and measured 71.2% in last follow up, so reduction loss was 3.8%. Sagittal index was average 21.6degree before the operation and corrected 12.6 after the operation and measured 14.6degree in last follow up. All of 19 patients with neurologic deficits improved by over the one Frankel grade except grade A. CONCLUSION: Although the additional study is needed, there were no significant difference of statistical analysis about indexes between two groups.
Body Height ; Classification* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Retrospective Studies* ; Spine

BACKGROUND: Chronic paranasal sinusitis is one of the most common disease in the otorhinolaryngologic field. Endoscopic sinus surgery is treatment of choice in chronic paranasal sinusitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate objective and subjective treatment outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery in adult chronic paranasal sinusitis with or without polyp. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 84 adult patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery by one surgeon from June 1999 to June 2000, prospectively. We analyzed preoperative and postoperative subjective symptom scores and acoustic rhinometric results. RESULTS: Fifty cases were male and thirty four cases female. The average age was of 33 year-old (range: 17 to 66 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom scores in postoperative 3 months and 6 months compared with preoperative symptom scores. There was significantly increased postoperative total volume of nasal cavity. When we compared high score group with low score group, there was statistically significant improvement of symptom scores between preoperative stage and postoperative 3 months in radiologic grading group. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic sinus surgery is considered to be effective for the treatment of chronic paranasal sinusitis. It seems to be helpful to employ subjective symptom score system and objective total volume change of nasal cavity through acoustic rhinometric test to analyze effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery. In this study, the most important preoperative factor of sinus surgery outcomes is radiologic grading system.
Acoustics* ; Adult* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Polyps ; Prospective Studies ; Rhinometry, Acoustic ; Sinusitis*

BACKGROUND: Chronic paranasal sinusitis is one of the most common disease in the otorhinolaryngologic field. Endoscopic sinus surgery is treatment of choice in chronic paranasal sinusitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate objective and subjective treatment outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery in adult chronic paranasal sinusitis with or without polyp. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 84 adult patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery by one surgeon from June 1999 to June 2000, prospectively. We analyzed preoperative and postoperative subjective symptom scores and acoustic rhinometric results. RESULTS: Fifty cases were male and thirty four cases female. The average age was of 33 year-old (range: 17 to 66 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom scores in postoperative 3 months and 6 months compared with preoperative symptom scores. There was significantly increased postoperative total volume of nasal cavity. When we compared high score group with low score group, there was statistically significant improvement of symptom scores between preoperative stage and postoperative 3 months in radiologic grading group. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic sinus surgery is considered to be effective for the treatment of chronic paranasal sinusitis. It seems to be helpful to employ subjective symptom score system and objective total volume change of nasal cavity through acoustic rhinometric test to analyze effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery. In this study, the most important preoperative factor of sinus surgery outcomes is radiologic grading system.
Acoustics* ; Adult* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Polyps ; Prospective Studies ; Rhinometry, Acoustic ; Sinusitis*

While the frequency of primary carcinoma of the lung has recently increased in adults, it is rare in the pediatric age group. The various adult types of bronchogenic carcinoma such as squamous cell, small cell, large cell, and adenocarcinoma, are extremely rare in children. Twenty to 30 cases of primary bronchogenic carcinoma of the lung in children under 15 years of age have been reported in the English-language literature. We have experienced a small cell bronchogenic carcinoma detected by fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchial biopsy in a 14-year-old boy with chief complaint of hemoptysis, lung mass and persistent pneumonitis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of primary small cell bronchogenic carcinoma in childhood under 15 years of age. We report this case with a brief review of related literatures.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Bronchoscopy* ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic* ; Child* ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lung ; Male ; Pneumonia

PURPOSE: Patency of the arteriovenous fistula remains the most important support for patients with end stage renal disease. Prosthetic materials have been used only when autogenous arteriovenous fistula procedure is not feasible, because of the relatively low patency in prosthetic arteriovenous fistula. We designed this study to determine the appropriateness of primary prosthetic arteriovenous fistula. METHOD: Twenty-one consecutive patients who underwent prosthetic arteriovenous fistula formation on the arm in Chosun university hospital from Mar. 1998 to Feb. 2001 were retrospectively analysed. RESULT: The median patency in radio-antecubital fistula, brachio-antecubital fistula, and brachio-axillary fistula was 9.6, 11.4, and 16.6 months, respectively. The primary assisted patency rates in radio-antecubital fistula and brachio-antecubital fistula were 44.9% and 70.0% at the first year, respectively (P=0.03). The secondary patency rates in radio-antecubital fistula and brachio-antecubital fistula were 71.4% and 80.0% at the first year and 28.6% and 48.0% at the second year, respectively (0.02). CONCLUSION: The patency rates according to the site of prosthetic arteriovenous fistula were statistically significant in the radio-antecubital fistula and brachio-antecubital fistula groups. Nevertheless, the patency rates of the brachio-axillary fistula group were statistically insignificant. Primary brachio-antecubital fistula with PTFE creation showed favorable patency rates and many other benefits. Therefore, we suggest primary brachio-antecubital fistula with PTFE as the appropriate arteriovenous access in patients with poor vessel condition.
Arm ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Fistula ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Retrospective Studies