No abstract available.
Blepharoptosis*

OBJECTIVE: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is known as one of the frequent causes of exacerbation of bronchial asthma and it can also be a trigger for the initiation of asthma. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of respiratory M. pneumoniae infection. Furthermore, there is little data on human cytokine production and its involvement in the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection. In order to investigate the immunopathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection, we investigated the cytokine production in the bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) fluid of patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia and viral pneumonia, and compared the results with those of control subjects. SUBJECT AND METHOD: BAL was performed with fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia( n=9 ), viral pneumonia( n=9 ), and control subjects( n=6 ) aged 3 years to 9 years. M. pneumoniae pneumonia was documented by polymerase chain reaction and serologic analysis. Four respiratory viruses ( adenovirus, influenza A, influenza B, parainfluenza ) were detected by culture method. Cell pellets and supernatants were separated by centrifugation and Interleukin( IL ) - 2, Interferon( IFN )-r, IL-4, and IL-5 levels were measured in concentrated BAL supernatants by ELISA. RESULTS: Analysis of cytokines revealed significantly increased production of IL-4 ( p< 0.0001 ) and IL-2 ( p< 0.0001 ), in patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia and significantly increased production of IL-2 (p <0.0001) in patients with viral pneumonia compared with those of the control subjects. Ratio of IL-4/IFN-r was significantly increased in patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia ( p< 0.005 ) but not in patients with viral pneumonia compared with that of the control subjects. CONCLUSION: IL-4 production and IL-4/IFN-r ratio were increased in the BAL fluid of patients with M. pneumoniae infection. These findings suggest that predominant Th2 immune response could play an important role in the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae infection.
Adenoviridae ; Asthma ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Bronchoscopy ; Centrifugation ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-5 ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

No abstract available.
Glucose* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Metabolism*

No abstract available.
Fingers*

The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the histopathologic findings of shark liver oil-induced lipoid pneumonia, and to determine whether shark liver oil is absorbed through lymphatics and the venous system or not. A single intratracheal administration of shark liver oil (0.6 ml/kg of B.W.) was given to Sprague-Dawley rats. They were then sacrificed sequentially from 1 hour to 12 weeks after injection. We investigated the chest radiographic findings, the serum total lipid concentration of blood obtained by cardiac puncture, lipid-laden alveolar macrophage index of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the histopathology of tracheobronchial lymph nodes and the lung (Oil red O stain & H&E stain). Chest radiographs showed no specific findings; ill-defined hazy, linear, small patch radioopacity, air space consolidation or collapse. Thirty-six percent of the experimental rats revealed normal findings. Within the lung, the shark liver oil appeared either as highly emulsified fine granules in the cytoplasm of the alveolar macrophage or as free, round oil masses. The area of the lung accumulated with lipid material was maximized 1 week after injection, and then decreased thereafter. The tissue reactions were cuboidal metaplasia of the alveolar lining, widening and lymphocytic infiltration of the alveolar septa and granuloma formation (3% of experimental rats) as a reaction to a foreign body. There were also lung abscesses due to superimposed bacterial infection (5% of experimental rats). With time after the injection of the oil, the serum total lipid tended to increase and the intracellular lipid of the alveolar macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid tended to decrease. In summary, the histopathologic findings of the lung in the experimental lipoid pneumonia were interstitial chronic inflammation and granulomas with the presence of lipoid material in the lung parenchyma, and shark liver oil appeared to be absorbed in the blood and the lymph, then metabolized.
Animals ; Bacterial Infections ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cytoplasm ; Foreign Bodies ; Granuloma ; Inflammation ; Liver* ; Lung ; Lung Abscess ; Lymph Nodes ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Metaplasia ; Pneumonia* ; Punctures ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sharks*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

Purpose: To evaluate the results of blade plate fixation and bone grafting for the treatment of failed intertrochanteric hip fractures. Materials and Methods: Eight patients were treated with 95° blade plate fixation and bone grafts were performed in 7 patients. The mean age of the patients was 73 years old and the mean follow-up period was 26 months (range, 6 to 65 months). Clinical and radiological results were evaluated based on pain, walking ability, union period, and maintenance of reduction. Results: 6 of 8 patients obtained a solid union after a median period of 20 weeks. The neck-shaft angle was changed from 118° to 133° postoperatively. One patient underwent revision of a bipolar hemiarthroplasty due to failed blade plate fixation and varus malunion occurred in one patient Conclusion: Blade plate fixation and bone grafting for failed internal fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures can provide a solid union and a good clinical result.
Bone Transplantation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Hip Fractures* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Transplants ; Walking

Various devices have been introduced in the field of orthopaedic surgery for the treatment of fractures and dislocations. Widely used among these are metallic nails and pins. A rare complication is the migration of such intermal fixation devices from their original sites of insertion. Examples of migration have been shown in cases for which devices like Kirschner wire and Steinmann pin were used. Acromio-clavicular joint dislocation gives us another good example. Kuntscher nail has beenin worldwide use for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures since the original work of Kuntscher in 1940. Yet few cases were reported, for migration & Kuntscher nail. We, recently had an experience of proximal migration of a Kuntscher nail in a femoral shaft fractnre which was markedly comminuted. The case is presented here with references.
Dislocations ; Femur ; Joints

No abstract available.

Percutaneous cannulatien has become an accepted technique for monitoring central venous pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure via a Swan Gans catheter. The technique is not without hazard. Complications include thrombophlebitis, infection and hydrothorax. These are case reports demonstrating the complications of hydrothorax and broken catehters from central venous catheterization.
Catheterization, Central Venous* ; Catheters* ; Central Venous Catheters* ; Central Venous Pressure ; Hydrothorax* ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Thrombophlebitis