Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty(PTRA) has become the treatment of choice for major renal artery stenosis. Nonetheless, about 10% of renal artery stenosis could not be properly dilated and 10-15% had a recurrence among the parients successfully dilated. Especially, PTRA in Takayasu's arteritis has technical diffculties due to the tough, noncompliant nature of the stenosis, which art difficult to cross and resist the respeated, prolonged balloon inflations. Intraluminal renal artery stent placement in unsuccessful balloon angioplasty and unsuitable lesions to PTRA may be an attractive approach to improve flow conditions. We report two cases of proximal renal artery stenosis caused by Takayasu's arteritis, who treated with intraluminal renal stenting(Palmaz-Schatz biliary stent). In both cases, clinical and angiographical improvement was achieved.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Recurrence ; Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery* ; Stents* ; Takayasu Arteritis*

BACKGROUND: A sizable percentage of tuberculous pleurisy patients are known to have residual pleural thickening(RPT) despite adequate anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. But, the predictive factors related to the development of RPT is not well known. Therefore, we studied to determine which factors are related to the development of RPT after completion of therapy. METHODS: By retrospective review of medical records, fifty-eight patients initially diagnosed as having tuberculous pleurisy between March 1995 and January 1998 were separated into two groups: 27 patients in group 1 had RPT on simple chest radiography, while 31 patients in group 2 had no RPT after 6 month of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. The clinical characteristics, radiologic findings and pleural fluid findings of the two group were compared at the time of diagnosis and during the course of therapy. RESULTS: 1) 47% of patients had RPT after 6 month of chemotherapy, and RPT was more common in man than in women(54% vs 29%,p=0.092). 2) In group 2 patients, complete resorption of pleural lesion occurred rather late stage of therapy(1-2 month : 26%, 3-4 month :29%, 5-6 month : 45%). 3) Group 1 patients had increased percentage of loculated pleural lesion(26% vs 19%) and increased white blood cell and lymphocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase level in pleural fluid (3527+/-5652 vs 2467+/-2201/ml, 2066+/-2022 vs 1698+/-1835/ml and 1636+/-1143 vs 1441+/-923IU/ml, respectively) than group 2 at the time of diagnosis, but statistically insignificant. 4) Duration of symptom prior to treatment, size of pleural effusion, presence of parenchymal lung lesion, level of total protein, glucose and adenosine deaminase(ADA) activity in pleural fluid were similar in both group. CONCLUSION: 53% of tuberculous pleurisy patients showed slow but complete resorption of pleural lesion after 6 month of chemotherapy. But, no clinical, radiological and pleural fluid findings are predictive for the development of RPT.
Adenosine ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Glucose ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Leukocytes ; Lung ; Lymphocyte Count ; Medical Records ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Pleural*

In the last years, according to the increasing incidence of measles and other viral diseases, it have been needed to study on not only the fundamental epidemiological characteristics of mumps and measles but also judgement on the effectiveness of vaccine that meet our domestic situation. The author carried out questionnaire to obtain epidemiological characteristics and vaccine efficacy of mumps on epidemics of mumps in one primary school in Hwasung-kun, Kyonggi Do from Feb. to July, 1994. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Total students was 556, but 446(78.4%) responded to the questionnaire. Among that 446,130(29. 1%) have suffered from mumps. From 9 to 10 year old students had the high attack rates, especially 10 year olds has the highest(39. 7%). 2. From Feb. 2, 1994, first case was on, to July 6, 1994, the epidemic was continues, and attack rate was higest in May(50. 5%). 3. Among the 130 mumps patients, 5 have suffered from complication(3.8%) : encephalitis 3(2 in male, 1 in female). 4. Vaccination rate was 91%, and as ages were lowered, the rates were higher. 5. Attack rate was higher in group who had time interval after vaccination less than 5 years than total attack rate, and was higher in group who had been vaccined after 5 year old. 6. Attack rate in vaccinated group was 27.3%. 7. Vaccine efficacies, be judged by three methods of analysis according to case definition and vaccination status, were 37.4 39. 2%. 8. Factors that have significantly affected the mumps epidemic were vaccination status and vaccination age.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalitis ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Measles ; Mumps* ; Vaccination ; Virus Diseases ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A pancreatic pseudocyst with a mediastinal extension is a rare clinical entity. Intrathoracic symptoms such as dysphagia or dyspnea due to compression or associated pleural effusions are quite common. The pseudocysts transverse the diaphragm via the esophageal hiatus or aortic hiatus or by eroding directly through the diaphragm. Here, we report a case of a pancreatic pseudocyst with a mediastinal extension presenting as dysphagia and dyspnea. The diagnosis was confirmed by computerized axial tomography of the chest and abdomen. Usually, the proper management of a larger pseducocyst includes percutaneous or surgical internal drainage, but in this case the mediastinal components disappeared with conservative medical treatment.
Abdomen ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Diaphragm ; Drainage ; Dyspnea ; Mediastinum ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst* ; Pleural Effusion ; Thorax