No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Hydrops Fetalis*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the type and frequency of end colostomy-related complications and to identify the risk factors for those complications. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records was made in 708 patients who underwent end colostomy in Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and February 2005. The type was divided into stomal and peristomal complications: stomal complications included bleeding, necrosis, mucocutaneous separation, prolapsed stoma, retraced stoma, stenosis, and hyperplasia; peristomal complications did peristomal varix, peristomal hernia, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, maceration, folliculitis, hyperplasia, bacterial infection, candidal infection, malignancy in the peristomal area, mechanical damage and pyoderma gangrenosum. RESULTS: For stomal complications, hyperplasia was most common(9.0%). For peristomal complications, irritant contact dermatitis was developed in 17.4%. Sex and BMI were risk factors for irritant contact dermatitis, hyperplasia, peristomal hernia, flat stoma, and retracted stoma. CONCLUSION: Teaching for preventing irritant contact dermatitis such as proper pouching and peristomal skin protection, and for comprehensive weight control should be emphasized on self care program for ostomates, while ostomy care nurse should take a careful consideration of preoperative ostomy site marking in female obese patients.
Bacterial Infections ; Colostomy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Folliculitis ; Hemorrhage ; Hernia ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Medical Records ; Necrosis ; Ostomy ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Self Care ; Skin ; Varicose Veins

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe and understand the meaning of cancer survivors' life experience after being discharged from the primary cancer treatment. METHODS: Data were collected through a tape-recorded in-depth interview from six participants living in Gyeonggi province from September 2007 to January 2008. The analysis of the data was made through the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Colaizzi. RESULTS: Thirteen themes regarding the survivors' life experience were found. From these thirteen themes, six major theme were emerged. The six major theme included 'keeping his/her mind comfortable', 'going ahead with new hope', 'accepting for his/her existing burden', 'maintaining a good health for a new life', 'improving the strength and relationship among the family member', and 'being faithful to his/her religion'. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study would help oncology nurses to understand the cancer survivors' life and to develop a quality of life improvement program for physical, psychosocial, and spiritual aspects of nursing.
Humans ; Life Change Events ; Qualitative Research ; Quality of Life ; Survivors

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is a well differentiated neoplasm and usually has a good prognosis. However, a subset of morphologically distinct papillary carcinoma has bad prognoses. The tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma (TCPC), characterized by tall columnar cells with a height at least twice the width, is the one of these. In order to differentiate TCPC from usual papillary carcinoma (UPC) in terms of prognosis, we performed immunohistochemical studies for the expression of p53, bcl-2 and Leu-M1 proteins in 25 cases of TCPC, 26 cases of UPC and 14 cases of poorly differentiated, solid type papillary carcinoma (SPC) with an analysis of clinical parameters. The nuclear expression of p53 was noted in one case each of UPC and TCPC. The cytoplasmic p53 expression of TCPC, UPC, and SPC was observed in 17/25 cases (68%), 14/26 cases (54%), 3/14 cases (21%), respectively. bcl-2 expression was 19/25 cases (76%), 18/26 cases (69%), 5/14 cases (36%), and that of Leu-M1 was 21/25 cases (84%), 18/26 cases (69%), 4/14 cases(29%), respectively. There were no statistical significance in the expression of those immunoproteins among these three groups (p>0.05). The p53 protein was consistently expressed in the cytoplasm rather than nucleus in this study and was very well correlated to bcl-2 positivity (p<0.01). There were no statistical significance in any clinical parameters examined among these three groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, TCPC can not be separated from UPC as a distinct entity in this study and the cytoplasmic expression of p53 protein provides another mechanism of p53 inactivation in tumorigenesis of the thyroid papillary carcinoma, possibly by bcl-2 related mechanism.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Cytoplasm ; Immunoproteins ; Prognosis ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Holoprosencephaly* ; Prune Belly Syndrome*

Ventilation during general anesthesia for bronchoscopy has recently been greatly improved by application of the Venturi principle. Ever since 1967 when Sanders published a paper describing the Venturi principle for ventilatory bronchoscopy, this technique has become increasingly popular. Many papers have been published promoting the use of the Venturi principle which in most cases entails a 16-gauge needle aimed distally down the proximal end of a bronchoscope through which a jet of oxygen is intermittently injected to produced positive pressure ventilation in the lungs. In our study, ten patients undergoing bronchoscopy were ventilated with the Venturi stsytem and the patients were bronchoscoped with a Karl Stors bronchoscope lined with a Venturi oxygen injecttimer, Freiberg 8585T, to which oxygen was supplied from an adjustable pressure reducing valve connected to pipeline oxygen at 55 psi. The following results were obtained: 1) Ten patients verying in age from 2 to 53 years were bronchoscoped becaeuse of subglotticedema, granuloma, emphysems, and tracheal stenosis. 2) The internal diameter of the bronchoscopes varied from 3.0mm to 6.5mm and the inflation pressure varies also from 0.4bar to 1.0bar. The inspiration to expiration time ratio was 1:2 and 1:3. 3) The average PaO2 was well maintained during bronchoscopy and in the postanesthetic stage, but the PaCO2 was slightly increased over the preoperative values. The explanation for this result is that the bronchoscope fitted too tightly to the trachea, so that exhalation was incomplete, and the process of exchange inhibited the elimination of CO2 from the lungs. The results obtained from this study suggest that this technic and device, when used properly, should provide adequate ventilation and an improved visual isation of the operative field.
Anesthesia, General ; Bronchoscopes ; Bronchoscopy* ; Exhalation ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic ; Lung ; Needles ; Oxygen* ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Pulmonary Ventilation* ; Trachea ; Tracheal Stenosis ; Ventilation

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the incidence of elderly primipara is increasing. Thus, impact of old age on pregnancy outcomes became important. Our purpose was to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: 73 cases of the elderly primipara over 35 years at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Chon-ju presbyterian medical center, from Jan. 1, 1995 to Dec. 31, 1998, were compared with 73 cases randomly chosen young primiparas during same period. RESULTS: Elderly primipara had higher rate of infertility and spontaneous abortion history, antenatal complications, cesarean section, poorer neonatal outcome than young primipara. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy outcome of elderly primipara is considered to be less favorable than those of young primipara. Careful antenatal and intrapartal care should be performed for the elderly primipara. We think that many clinical study of congenital anomaly in elderly primipara will be necessary.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aged* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Jeollabuk-do ; Maternal Age ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Protestantism ; Statistics as Topic*

The purpose of this study was to develop a dental communication course in dental hygiene schools that included theory, practice, and skill for effective dental communication. Thirty-six senior dental hygiene students in a dental hygiene school took a dental communication course and responded to a questionnaire. The instrument used in the study was a modified form of Kim's communication skill self-assessment sheet. The self-assessment questionnaire about communication competencies was administered before and after the class, and the difference between scores at each time point was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. Among seven elements of dental communication competencies, the competency of “information gathering” was significantly improved (p=0.008). Students' scores on perception of the importance (p=0.019) and necessity (0.016) of a communication course significantly increased after the course. Competencies in communication are essential requirement for dental hygienists. This study showed the possibility of communication skill training. An objective evaluation tool regarding students' communication competencies should be developed. Further studies with larger samples size are needed to develop a standardized comprehensive communication course in dental hygiene schools.
Curriculum ; Dental Hygienists ; Health Communication ; Health Education ; Humans ; Learning* ; Oral Hygiene* ; Self-Assessment

PURPOSE: Interleukin(IL)-10 is an antiinflammatory cytokine produced by monocytes/macrophages. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) plays an important role, not only as a hemopoietic factor but also as a regulating factor for a biologic defense system by neutrophils, in the foci of infection. We studied G-CSF and IL-10 levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of patients with aseptic meningitis and investigated the relationship of G-CSF and IL-10 with other inflammatory cells. METHODS: We measured IL-10 and G-CSF levels in the serum and CSF of children with or without aseptic meningitis using ELISA and compared them with other inflammatory cells in the CSF. RESULTS: CSF levels of IL-10 & G-CSF on admission were significantly higher in the aseptic meningitis group than in the control group. IL-10 and G-CSF levels in the CSF were higher than those in the serum(P<0.001). Mean CSF IL-10 & G-CSF levels during the recovery stage decreased significantly compared to those of the symptomatic stage(P<0.001). Significant correlations were found between CSF IL-10 levels and mononuclear cell counts(r=0.26, P<0.05), and between G-CSF levels and neutrophil counts in the CSF(r=0.44, P<0.005). CSF levels of G-CSF were highest on the 1st day of the illness, although CSF IL-10 levels reached its peak on the 3rd day of the illness. CONCLUSION: IL-10 and G-CSF are produced in the CSF of patients with aseptic meningitis and may play an immunoregulatory role by recruiting inflammatory cells from the peripheral blood at the initial stage of aseptic meningitis.
Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor* ; Granulocytes* ; Humans ; Interleukin-10* ; Meningitis, Aseptic* ; Neutrophils