The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of taping therapy on activities of daily livings (ADL). hand function and range of motion in poststroke-hemiplegic patients. Sample were selected from 20 poststroke-hemiplegic patients at public health center in the period from September 5 to November 21, 2001. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design. The hemiplegia period of the participants was from one year to five years The pretest and posttest included measuring activity of daily livings(ADL). instrumental activity of daily livings(IADL), hand function, range of motion. quality of life. In this research design, a treatment were to expose taping therapy who were received self-help management program. This self-help management program was cor:1Posed of five sessions and each session had health education on stroke. diet. risk factor. ROM exercise and recreation. 20 patients were treated with kinesio taping(Nippon Sigmax Co.. Ltd.. Benefact(r). width 50mm). Tapes were applied to the Deltoid. Supraspinatus. Infraspinatus, Brachioradialis with paralyzed upper extremity. The taping therapy was performed once a week for 5 weeks. SPSS Win 8.0 was used for the data analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The score of BADL was increased from 30.5 to 33.95 after program, and that was statistically significant(p = .019). 2) The score of IADL was increased from 11.6 to 12.75 after program. but that was statistically insignificant(p = .161). 3) The score of hand function was increased from 17 to 20.35 after program. and that was statistically significant(p = .026). 4) The shoulder's ROM(p=.000) and wrist's ROM(p= .004) were significantly increased. According to the results of this study, taping therapy is effective for improving ADL. hand function. ROM. quality of life. However. this study found no significant differences in IADL Consequently. these findings showed that the taping therapy was effective in improvement of physical aspects(BADL, hand function, upper extremity's ROM) in poststroke-hemiplegic patients.
Activities of Daily Living* ; Diet ; Hand* ; Health Education ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Public Health ; Quality of Life* ; Range of Motion, Articular* ; Recreation ; Research Design ; Risk Factors ; Statistics as Topic ; Stroke* ; Upper Extremity

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is a well differentiated neoplasm and usually has a good prognosis. However, a subset of morphologically distinct papillary carcinoma has bad prognoses. The tall cell variant of papillary carcinoma (TCPC), characterized by tall columnar cells with a height at least twice the width, is the one of these. In order to differentiate TCPC from usual papillary carcinoma (UPC) in terms of prognosis, we performed immunohistochemical studies for the expression of p53, bcl-2 and Leu-M1 proteins in 25 cases of TCPC, 26 cases of UPC and 14 cases of poorly differentiated, solid type papillary carcinoma (SPC) with an analysis of clinical parameters. The nuclear expression of p53 was noted in one case each of UPC and TCPC. The cytoplasmic p53 expression of TCPC, UPC, and SPC was observed in 17/25 cases (68%), 14/26 cases (54%), 3/14 cases (21%), respectively. bcl-2 expression was 19/25 cases (76%), 18/26 cases (69%), 5/14 cases (36%), and that of Leu-M1 was 21/25 cases (84%), 18/26 cases (69%), 4/14 cases(29%), respectively. There were no statistical significance in the expression of those immunoproteins among these three groups (p>0.05). The p53 protein was consistently expressed in the cytoplasm rather than nucleus in this study and was very well correlated to bcl-2 positivity (p<0.01). There were no statistical significance in any clinical parameters examined among these three groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, TCPC can not be separated from UPC as a distinct entity in this study and the cytoplasmic expression of p53 protein provides another mechanism of p53 inactivation in tumorigenesis of the thyroid papillary carcinoma, possibly by bcl-2 related mechanism.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Cytoplasm ; Immunoproteins ; Prognosis ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: We conducted a descriptive correlational study to determine a relationship between nurses' awareness of good death and attitudes toward terminal care, which in turn could be used as basic data for improvement of the quality of terminal care at geriatric hospitals. METHODS: From April 3, 2013 through April 22, 2013, data were collected from 230 nurses working at geriatric hospitals. RESULTS: Nurses' attitudes toward terminal care showed no significant correlation with awareness of good death, but it was positively correlated with a sense of closeness, a subfactor of awareness of good death. There was negative correlation between emotions regarding a deathbed, a subfactor of attitudes of nurses in charge of terminal patients, and awareness of good death. We found positive correlation between terminal care performance and awareness of good death. CONCLUSION: This study warrants the need for nursing education catered to characteristics of geriatric hospitals and development of diverse intervention strategies to help them to attain a positive attitude toward death by familiarizing themselves with the concept of good death and enhancing job satisfaction.
Attitude to Death ; Education, Nursing ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Terminal Care*

BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies indicate that the central fat distribution rather than obesity itself may be an independant predictor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of waist circumference as index of central obesity and to investigate waist circumference as a measure for increased risk of cardiovascular disease in Korean adults using the ROC curve. METHOD: Four hundreds seventy-six subjects(339 men and 137 women) were included for this study. Subjects were selected among patients who visited the Health Promotion Center of Yeungnam University Hospital for general health evaluation from January to June 1999. Self-reported questionnaire of socioeconomic, health and lifestyle were recorded followed by measurement of height, weight, waist and hip circumference, percent body fat, blood pressure, blood chemistry. We analysed best cut-off point of waist circumference for those with highest sensitivity and specificity of cardiovascular risk factors using the ROC curve. RESULTS: Waist circumference was related with blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, but not with glucose in men. In women, waist circumference was related with blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, but not with HDL and LDL cholesterol. Waist circumference at risk of cardiovascular disease seems different in Koreans compared to those of caucasians. ROC curves showed that 84cm in men(sensitivity and specificity were 66.4% and 58.7%) and 78cm (Sensitivity and specificity were 78.3% and 53.4%) in women were useful in identifying those with at least one risk factor. There were some differences according to disease, age, smoking state, and alcohol intake. Cut-off point of waist circumference with at least one risk factor was about 3cm higher in age over 45years men, age over 55 years or postmenopausal women, smoker, and alcoholics CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of waist circumference 84cm in men and 78cm in women could be adopted as a simple index for health promotion, to alert those at risk of cardiovascular disease, and as a guide to risk avoidance by self-weight management in Korea.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Alcoholics ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Chemistry ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Glucose ; Health Promotion ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea* ; Life Style ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Risk Factors* ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate nurses' knowledge of the law, consciousness, and will to practice and the relationships among factors affecting the will to practice. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS: Most respondents were women (93.9%) and 75.6% of them had received basic education on law. The average score on knowledge of the law was 11.83±3.07 for general law and 10.42±3.32 for nursing law. The average score on consciousness of law and will to practice was 2.50±0.31 and 4.32±0.58, respectively. Differences were observed in knowledge of the law in terms of having taken a refresher course(F=5.87, p=.003); in consciousness of the law in terms of knowledge of the law (F=6.61, p<.002); and in will to practice according to age (F=7.30, p=.007) and educational level (F=13.08, p<.001). Factors influencing will to practice included behavioral and cognitive consciousness, general knowledge of law, and education. These factors explained 24% of the variance. CONCLUSION: Nurses knowledge and consciousness regarding law was relatively lower than their will to practice. Systematic law education for nurses and repetitive research are recommended to prevent nursing malpractice.
Consciousness* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Jurisprudence* ; Malpractice ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the factors contributing to sleep disorders in patients on hemodialysis. Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. The participants were 135 patients on hemodialysis in hemodialysis clinics. Data were collected from March to May 2007 using structured questionnaires and hematologic sample. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify factors influencing sleep disorders among the demographic-clinical factors, depression and fatigue. RESULTS: About 69% of the patients had a sleep disorders. There were significant differences in sleep disorders according to marital status, caregiver, religion, economic level, insurance, erythropoietin, somnifacient, and antihypertensive agents. But there were no differences according to age, gender, dialysis period, or antidepressants. Their sleep disorders had significant correlations with depression, and fatigue, and a significant negative correlation with Protein, Albumin, Phosphate and BUN. But there were no correlations with hematocrit, hemoglobin, creatinine, sodium, potassium, or calcium. Depression and fatigue were factors influencing sleep disorders. They accounted for 43.8% of the variance in sleep disorders in these patients. CONCLUSION: Findings provide an understanding of sleep disorders and the factors that are an influence in patients on hemodialysis. To promote sleep in these patients, nursing interventions to manage depression and fatigue are needed.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Calcium ; Caregivers ; Creatinine ; Depression ; Dialysis ; Erythropoietin ; Fatigue ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Insurance ; Marital Status ; Potassium ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Renal Dialysis ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sodium

OBJECTIVE: Recently, the incidence of elderly primipara is increasing. Thus, impact of old age on pregnancy outcomes became important. Our purpose was to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: 73 cases of the elderly primipara over 35 years at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Chon-ju presbyterian medical center, from Jan. 1, 1995 to Dec. 31, 1998, were compared with 73 cases randomly chosen young primiparas during same period. RESULTS: Elderly primipara had higher rate of infertility and spontaneous abortion history, antenatal complications, cesarean section, poorer neonatal outcome than young primipara. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy outcome of elderly primipara is considered to be less favorable than those of young primipara. Careful antenatal and intrapartal care should be performed for the elderly primipara. We think that many clinical study of congenital anomaly in elderly primipara will be necessary.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aged* ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infertility ; Jeollabuk-do ; Maternal Age ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Protestantism ; Statistics as Topic*

A phenomenological study was conducted to investigate the experiences of mothers pregnant via in vitro fertilization (IVF). Sample of nine mothers participated. Ten theme clusters emerged when the formulated meanings were organized into categories. During the infertility period, the participants were subject to self- depreciation, envy, anxiety, and depression. It changed their priorities in life from a job-oriented life to one where having a baby was the most important thing. After trying numerous alternative therapies, IVF became their last hope in having a baby. Since the success rate for IVF is low (only 20-30%), the participants for the treatment were overwhelmed with uncertainty, and it led to further anxiety, depression and despair. Success of pregnancy gave them extreme satisfaction, but they became very cautious in their day-to-day life because of their fear of abortion and early delivery. Some were even worried about the side effect of IVF during the pregnancy. Finally, the delivery of the baby gave them relief from the obligation of having a baby. Women did not have any difficulties in rearing a "test tube baby" except in the case of twins. Most women had no ethical difficulty in having a baby by IVF. However they did not wish this information to be revealed to other people. They again turned to IVF to have a son(s) when the resultory child(s) was a daughter(s). This is because of the strong preference for sons in Korean society.
Anxiety ; Complementary Therapies ; Depreciation ; Depression ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Hope ; Humans ; Infertility ; Mothers* ; Pregnancy ; Twins ; Uncertainty

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to be associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia and highly related to metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to examine NAFLD as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease using the Framingham risk score and carotid intima media thickness. METHODS: We examined 189 Korean adults older than 20 years who participated in a health screening test and had both carotid and abdominal ultrasounds. Patients with viral hepatitis and history of cardiovascular disease and alcohol consumption (>20 g/day) were excluded. We compared clinical characteristics, the Framingham risk scores, and carotid intima media thickness according to the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. RESULTS: Framingham risk scores and the estimated 10-year risk for coronary heart disease were higher in subjects with NAFLD (11.5+/-4.7 vs 10.2+/-4.3 P=0.04, 8.7+/-7.3% vs 4.9+/-5.0% P<0.001). Carotid intima media thickness was higher in subjects with NAFLD (0.72+/-0.18 mm) compared to the controls (0.63+/-0.15 mm) (P<0.001). This result persisted significantly after adjusting for age, sex, and the 5 components of metabolic syndrome. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 2.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.495-5.812) and triglyceride level (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.041-4.066) were independently related with carotid atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NAFLD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Physicians should be mindful of this association when seeing patients with NAFLD.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Coronary Disease ; Dyslipidemias ; Fatty Liver ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to be associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia and highly related to metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to examine NAFLD as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease using the Framingham risk score and carotid intima media thickness. METHODS: We examined 189 Korean adults older than 20 years who participated in a health screening test and had both carotid and abdominal ultrasounds. Patients with viral hepatitis and history of cardiovascular disease and alcohol consumption (>20 g/day) were excluded. We compared clinical characteristics, the Framingham risk scores, and carotid intima media thickness according to the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. RESULTS: Framingham risk scores and the estimated 10-year risk for coronary heart disease were higher in subjects with NAFLD (11.5+/-4.7 vs 10.2+/-4.3 P=0.04, 8.7+/-7.3% vs 4.9+/-5.0% P<0.001). Carotid intima media thickness was higher in subjects with NAFLD (0.72+/-0.18 mm) compared to the controls (0.63+/-0.15 mm) (P<0.001). This result persisted significantly after adjusting for age, sex, and the 5 components of metabolic syndrome. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 2.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.495-5.812) and triglyceride level (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.041-4.066) were independently related with carotid atherosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that NAFLD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Physicians should be mindful of this association when seeing patients with NAFLD.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Coronary Disease ; Dyslipidemias ; Fatty Liver ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Risk Factors