Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the quality of patient-centered nursing care by cancer patients who were hospitalized for operation. Methods: This study was a descriptive research. The subjects were 171 cancer patients who received operation. The quality of patient-centered care was measured including individualization, proficiency, responsiveness, and coordination. Results The average age of the subjects was 56 years, and the subjects comprised gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer patients. The quality of patient-centered nursing care perceived by cancer patients was 5.18 ± 0.81. The education level was a meaningful variable to the quality of patient-centered nursing care by multivariate analysis ( p=.020). Conclusion: The quality of patientcentered nursing perceived by cancer patients was high in individualization, proficiency, and responsiveness, and relatively low in coordination. The difference in nursing staffing has a great influence on the perception of the quality of nursing. We propose studies for the recognition of oncology nurses in the quality of patient-centered nursing and the development of strategies that can provide patient-centered nursing to improve the quality of oncology nursing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the quality of patient-centered nursing care by cancer patients who were hospitalized for operation. Methods: This study was a descriptive research. The subjects were 171 cancer patients who received operation. The quality of patient-centered care was measured including individualization, proficiency, responsiveness, and coordination. Results The average age of the subjects was 56 years, and the subjects comprised gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer patients. The quality of patient-centered nursing care perceived by cancer patients was 5.18 ± 0.81. The education level was a meaningful variable to the quality of patient-centered nursing care by multivariate analysis ( p=.020). Conclusion: The quality of patientcentered nursing perceived by cancer patients was high in individualization, proficiency, and responsiveness, and relatively low in coordination. The difference in nursing staffing has a great influence on the perception of the quality of nursing. We propose studies for the recognition of oncology nurses in the quality of patient-centered nursing and the development of strategies that can provide patient-centered nursing to improve the quality of oncology nursing.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to examine the in vitro neural cell differentiation patterns of human embryonic stem (hES) cells following treatment of various neurotrophic factors [basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), retinoic acid (RA), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha], particulary in dopaminergic neuron formation. METHODS: The hES cells were induced to differentiate by bFGF and RA. Group I) In bFGF induction method, embryoid bodies (EBs, for 4 days) derived from hES were plated onto gelatin dish, selected for 8 days in ITSFn medium and expanded at the presence of bFGF (10 ng/ml) for another 6 days followed by a final differentiation in N2 medium for 7, 14 and 21 days. Group II) For RA induction, EBs were exposed of RA (10-6 M) for 4 days and allowed to differentiate in N2 medium for 7, 14 and 21 days. Group III) To examine the effects of additional neurotrophic factors, bFGF or RA induced cells were exposed to either BDNF (10 ng/ml) or TGF-alpha (10 ng/ml) during the 21 days of final differentiation. Neuron differentiation and dopamine secretion were examined by indirect immunocytochemistry and HPLC, respectively. RESULTS: The bFGF or RA treated hES cells were resulted in similar neural cell differentiation patterns at the terminal differentiation stage, specifically, 75% neurons and 11% glial cells. Additionally, treatment of hES cells with BDNF or TGF-alpha during the terminal differentiation stage led to significantly increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression of a dopaminergic neuron marker, compared to control (p<0.05). In contrast, no effect was observed on the rate of mature neuron (NF-200) or glutamic acid decarboxylase-positive neurons. Immunocytochemistry and HPLC analyses revealed the higher levels of TH expression (20.3%) and dopamine secretion (265.5+/-62.8 pmol/mg) in bFGF and TGF-alpha sequentially treated hES cells than those in RA or BDNF treated hES cells. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the generation of dopamine secretory neurons from in vitro differentiated hES cells can be improved by TGF-alpha addition in the bFGF induction protocol.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dopamine* ; Dopaminergic Neurons ; Embryoid Bodies ; Embryonic Stem Cells* ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Gelatin ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Growth Factors* ; Neuroglia ; Neurons* ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; Transforming Growth Factors ; Tretinoin ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

Purpose: This study aimed to update the previously published nursing practice guideline for oral care. Methods: The guideline were updated according to the manuals developed by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN), and a Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Developer Version 1.0. Results: Updated nursing practice guideline for oral care was consisted of 10 domains and 79 recommendations. The number of recommendations in each domain were: 5 general issues, 2 oral care indications, 9 oral assessment, 16 general oral care, 12 oral care for critically ill patients, 16 oral care for cancer patients, 12 oral care for cancer patients with oral complications, 5 oral care education, 1 oral care referral, and 1 documentation and report. In terms of grades for recommendations, 11.4% was grade A, 17.0% was grade B, and 68.2% was grade C. Twelve new recommendations were developed and 7 previous recommendations were deleted. Conclusion Updated nursing practice guideline for oral care is expected to serve as an evidence-based practice guideline for oral care in South Korea. It is recommended that this guideline be spread to clinical nursing settings nationwide to improve the effectiveness of oral care practice.