Septic pulmonary emboli(SPE) is derived from a variety of sources, including infected heart valves, peripheral sites of septic thrombophlebitis and infected venous catheters or pacemaker wires. In adult intravenous drug users, the most common cause of septic emboli is tricuspid valve endocarditis, but infective endocarditis in the non-complicated ventricular septal defect is a relatively rare condition in infants and children. Early detection, along with prompt administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, is an important factor in the prognosis of patients with SPE. Unfortunately, initial clinical diagnosis is often difficult; a heart murmur may or may not be present and blood cultures may remain negative early in the course of infection. And so characteristic chest CT and chest radiographic findings are helpful in non-invasive diagnostic method for early detection. We experienced a case of pulmonary septic emboli associated with ventricular septal defect in a 6-year-old girl. The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical features, echocardiography, chest x-ray and chest CT. We report this case with brief review related literatures.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Drug Users ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Heart Murmurs ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Heart Valves ; Humans ; Infant ; Prognosis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Thrombophlebitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tricuspid Valve

Bile* ; Child, Preschool* ; Female* ; Humans

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Resection of the esophagus for malignant disease or a benign stenosis, has a choice not only of palliative surgery, but also of replacement of the esophagus with a transposed stomach, jejunum, or colon. The first-line method is replacement with a tubulized stomach. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of esophageal motor dysfunction and gastric emptying time with symptoms after esophagectomy. METHODS: We performed the esophageal manometry and gastric emptying time after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in 12 patients and for benign esophageal disease in 2 patients. RESULTS: In manometric studies, a zone of high pressure in the esophago-gastric anastomosis distal to the upper esophageal sphincter was associated with symptoms after esophagectomy. The gastric emptying rate was slowed in 7 out of 14 patients, but not associated with symptoms after esophagectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that a high-pressure zone distal to the upper esophageal sphincter was associated with symptoms after esophagectomy in manometric study. The gastric emptying rate was not associated with postoperative symptoms.
Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Esophageal Diseases ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophageal Sphincter, Upper ; Esophagectomy* ; Esophagus ; Gastric Emptying* ; Humans ; Jejunum ; Manometry* ; Palliative Care ; Stomach

PURPOSE: The H. pylori cagA gene, vacA gene and iceA gene are considered to be important virurence factors that have been implicated in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. It was reported that the presence of IS605 elements may be responsible for rearrangements and lead to partial or total deletions of the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) and the virulence of cag PAI may be changed. However, different results regarding the association between these virulence factors and clinical disease have been reported from different geographic regions. This study evaluated the relationship between H. pylori virulence factors such as cagA, vacA, iceA, IS605 and gastric adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: H. pylori isolates were obtained from 54 infected patients (24 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, 30 cases of control). H. pylori isolates were identified by PCR with ureC gene and 16S rRNA. PCR was performed to examine cagA, vacA, iceA and IS605 genotypes. RESULTS: Significant difference was found in the negative rates of cagA between gastric adenocarcinoma group and control (62.5% vs. 33.3% P=0.033). No significant difference was found in the prevalence of iceA, vacA between gastric adenocar cinoma and control. The genotype of cagA+ vacA s1-m1 iceA1 was predominant in H. pylori isolates irrespective of the clinical outcome. IS605 in PAI was not found in gastric adenocarcinoma gruop and control. The positive rates of IS605 in genome were 33.3% in gastric adenocarcinoma group and 36.7% in control (P>0.05). In gastric carcinoma, the positive rate of cagA+/IS605- was lower than in control (12.5% vs. 40.0%, P=0.025) and the positive rate of cagA-/IS605- was higher than in control (54.2% vs. 23.3%, P=0.02). CONCLUSION: H. pylori virulence factors had not related significantly with gastric adenocarcinoma. Further study is needed to examine the specificity of H. pylori strains.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Genome ; Genomic Islands ; Genotype ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prevalence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Virulence Factors ; Virulence*