A study was made on 50 cases of epileptic children who had been observed at the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital Taejeon Eul Ji Hospital during the period from July, 1986 to June, 1991. The result are as follows: 1) Epilepsy was most frequent in children from 1 year to 10 year of age (80%). Epilepsy was commoner in female children compare to male representing male to female ratio, 1:1.2. 2) Intractable cases with VPA were 40%, and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Intractable cases were most common between 1 and 5 years (65%). 3) The most common epileptic type was generalized tonic clonic seizure (38%). 4) The clinical effect of valproic acid was the worst in severely abnormal EEG finding. 5) The mean plasma VPA level was significantly lower for the polytherapy (57.7microgram/ml) than for the monotherapy (69.5microgram/ml). The VPA dose of steady-state was significantly higher for polytherapy (27.9mg/kg/d) than for the monotherapy (20.9mg/kg/d). VPA level: dose ratio was reduced in the polytherapy (2.1) as compared to monotherapy (3.3). 6) The plasma VPA level increased according to dosage. In the same dose, plasma level of monotherapy was significantly higher than polytherapy. 7) The VPA dose of stead-state was highest under 1 year (monotherapy: 24.8mg/kg/day, polytherapy: 33.4mg/kg/day). The VPA dose decreased in accordance with an increase of the age. 8) There was no correlation between EEG change and plasma concentration of VPA. 9) There was linear correlation between clinical affect and plasma VPA level, and plasma concentration of VPA reached 51 to 100microgram/ml at that time. 10) The clinical effect was good in abscence seizure, simple partial seizure, myoclonic seizure, and generalized tonic clonic seizure in decreasing order. 11) The incidence of side effect were gastrointestinal disturbance, behavior disorder, laboratory abnormality, neurologic abnormality in order of frequency. The frequency of overall side effects observed was 40% but toxic effects were generally mild.
Child* ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Daejeon ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Plasma ; Seizures ; Valproic Acid*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

The authors examined the induntivity of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in peripheral lum-phocytes on the personnel working in the operating room and analyzed the factors associated with it to obtain data for their monitoring health status. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Average inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes of operating room perssonnel exposed to anesthetic gases was 7.85 per cell; it was significantly higher than in those who were not exposed (p< 0.05). 2) The inductivity of SCE in peripheral lymphocytes by age group and exposure duration was not statically significant (p<0.05). 3) The inductivity of SCE in the subjects with a smoking habit was significantly higher than those without a smoking habit (p<0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in the inductivity of SCE between the subjects with a drinking habit and those without it (p>0.05). 5) It is possible that the high inductivity of SCE in operating room personnel who both with drink and smoke was due to more the influence of their smoking than their drinking.
Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Drinking ; Gases* ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Operating Rooms* ; Siblings* ; Sister Chromatid Exchange* ; Smoke ; Smoking

Reviewing the radiologic studies of the 402 patients with infravesical obstructive lesions, we studied the pattern of upper urinary tract change in children and adults. The following results were obtained. 1. The upper tract dilatation was shown in 68 patients : 9 of 11 posterior urethral valve patients(82 percent), 22 of 280 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients(7.9 percent), 11 of 57 urethral stricture patients(19 percent), 26 of 54 neurogenic bladder patients(48 per cent). 2. Upper tract dilatation in infravesical obstructive diseases occurred on one side in 32 percent of the cases : 24 percent in children and 38 percent in adults. 3. Of 68 patients with upper tract dilatation, 40 patients had voiding cystourethrography. Vesicoureteral reflux was observed in 30 of 69 dilated kidney units : 25 of 49 kidney units (51 percent) in children and 5 of 20 kidney units(25 percent) in adults. Vesicoureteral reflux was more frequently occurred in children than in adults.
Adult ; Child ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Kidney ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

No abstract available.

A case of recurrent fibrosarcoma arising from the distal portion of the left spermatic cord in a twenty-two-year-old male is presented, and is discussed on its incidence, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis with brief literature review.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibrosarcoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prognosis ; Spermatic Cord*

An autopsy case of spontaneous rupture of urinary bladder followed by longstanding chronic and acute hemorrhagic cystitis associated with anomalous course of the right ureter and pyo-hydronephrosis, and acutely disseminated tuberculous pneumonia in a twenty-two-year-old Korean Army soldier is presented. Pathogenesis of spontaneous rupture of urinary bladder is briefly discussed.
Autopsy ; Cystitis* ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Pneumonia ; Rupture, Spontaneous* ; Ureter* ; Urinary Bladder*

The incidence of myocardial ischemia and silent myocardial infarction are higer in diabetic than in nondiabetic patients. We had a case of a disbetic, myocardial ischemic female patient, 54years old, who had cardiac arrest during an emergency surgery. The patient was admitted via emergency room with the diagnosis of rupture of basilar artery aneurysm. During the dissection for the exposure of the artery. The aneurysm ruptured. causing massive hemorrhage. At this time, cardiac arrest was revealed at the monitoring EKG, cardiopulmonary resuscitation with DC shock were performed to reverse venticular fibriliation but the EKG monitor showed T wave inversion and sinus tachycardia in several leads. And the blood pressure was hardly audible with systolic of about 50mmHg. So nitroglycerin 0.05mg, intravenous bolus injection was given twice and the systolic went up to 110mmHg with a diastolic of 80mmHg. So the operation proceeded and finished. The patient was sent to the ICU. On the third postoperative day, the patient again had cardiac arrest but this time could not be resuscitated. We experienced the dramatic effect of nitroglycerin on this ischemic patient during cardio pulmonary resuscitation and we would like to share this experience with our colleagues.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Nitroglycerin* ; Rupture ; Shock ; Tachycardia, Sinus