Objective To discuss the clinical application value of ultrasound contrast on evaluating fallopian tube patency.Methods Ultrasound contrast examination was conducted on 84 patients suffering from infertility and the flowing status of contrast agent in the uterine cavity and the fallopian tube and the distribution condition in the pelvic cavity were observed under the real -time ultrasound to judge the patency condition of the fallopian tube.Results After 84 patients receiving ultrasound contrast,38 cases'bilateral fallopian tubes were unobstructed,26 cases'lateral fallopian tube were unobstructed and 20 cases'bilateral fallopian were obstructed.Comparing the result of ultrasound contrast with laparoscopy,the diagnosis accuracy was 89.5%,the specificity 86% and the sensitivity 94%.Conclusion Fallopian tube ultrasound contrast technique can make an accurate and objective evaluation on the fallopian tube patency,it is an effective method to check fallopian tube patency and it is of high clinical application value.

Objective To determine the correlation between aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) and optic neuropathy in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).Methods The clinical and biochemical data of 53 patients with NMOSD diagnosis based on AQP4-Ab level in Changhai Hospital between January 2010 and October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.According to optic neuropathy occurrence,the NMOSD patients were divided into optic neuropathy and non-optic neuropathy groups.Clinical and biochemical characteristics were compared between the two groups.According to the serum AQP4-Ab levels,the NMOSD patients were divided into AQP4-Ab seropositive and seronegative groups.The incidence of optic neuropathy was compared between the two groups.The correlation between optic neuropathy and AQP4-Ab levels was analyzed.Results Between the optic neuropathy and non-optic neuropathy groups,no significant differences in sex,age at onset,disease course,serum alanine aminotransferase levels,protein levels in cerebral spinal fluid,IgG index,and oligoclonal band were observed (P ＞ 0.05).However,statistically significant differences were found in frequency,superficial sensory impairment,serum creatinine level,and serum AQP4-Ab level (P ＜ 0.05).Between the AQP4-Ab sempositive and semnegative groups,a statistically significant difference in the incidence of optic neuropathy was observed (F =4.93,P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of optic neuropathy positively correlated with AQP4-Ab levels (r =0.297,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion NMOSD patients with AQP4-Ab seropositivity could be prone to optic neuropathy,and the correlation may be beneficial to early diagnosis,therapy,and monitoring of NMOSD.

Objective To study the T cells lineage polymorphism of TCR BV CDR3 in the peripheral blood of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients,in order to provide experimental basis for the immunological patho-genesis study of AS.Methods Twenty-six subfamilies of CDR3 T cells of TCR BV in the PBMC of AS patients were amplified by RT-PCR method,then TCR BV CDR3 lineages polymorphism were analyzed by immunization scanning spectrum.Results TCR BV CDR3 scanning spectrum of 20 active AS patients showed abnormal distribution peak,including monoclonal,oligoclonal/oligoclonal trend,skewing peak and irregular abnormal peak.Among them,some subfamilies of 18 patients showed oligoclonal/oligoclonal trend expansion,BV16 and BV18 two subfamilies of one case showed monoclonal expansion.Most spectral type of PBMC TCR BV CDR3 in five normal controls showed Gauss distribution.Conclusion TCR BV CDR3 lineage have significant characteristic polymorphism and spectrum drift characteristics in the peripheral blood of AS patients,which further indicate that T cells has plaied an important role in the immunological pathogenesis of AS.Monoclonal/oligoclonal expansion of T cells may be autoreactive T cells in nature and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS.

Objectives To explore the correlation between the cerebrospinal fluid protein and facial paralysis in pa?tients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Methods Clinical and biochemical data of 111 patients with GBS in depart?ment of neurology from January 2005 to September 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to facial paralysis, GBS patients were divided into the facial normal and paralysis groups. Their clinical and biochemical characteristics were compared between the two groups. According to level of cerebrospinal fluid protein, GBS patients were divided into cerebrospinal fluid protein normal, mild high and severe high groups. Incidences of facial paralysis were compared among these three groups. The correlation between the cerebrospinal fluid protein and facial paralysis was analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, respiratory infection and other clinical symptoms (P>0.05), whereas there were statistically significant differences in cerebrospinal fluid protein, immunoglobulin G, and cerebrospinal fluid albumin/serum albumin ratio between the facial normal and paralysis groups (P<0.05). Among the three groups by differ?ent levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein, there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of facial paralysis (F=3.48,P=0.03). Cerebrospinal fluid protein was positively correlated with facial paralysis (r=0.288,P<0.01). Conclu? sions The incidence of facial paralysis is associated with the levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein. Thus, cerebrospinal flu?id protein may be helpful in monitoring of GBS patients with facial paralysis.

AIM To observe the clinical efficacy of Maixuekang Capsules (hirudin) combined with female progestational hormone treating blood-stagnated cryptogenic hypomenorrhea and their mechanism of action.METHODS Ninty eligible patients were randomly and equally divided into treatment group (Maixuekang Capsules combine with female progestational hormone) and control group (female progestational hormone),treated for three menstrual cycles,the menstrual blood volume,blood D-dimer,maximum platelet aggregation rate,the thickness of endometrium,spiral artery blood flow peak systolic velocity (PSV),resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were recorded during the three months period.RESULTS The menstrual blood volume of the two groups were all increased post-treatments (P ＜ 0.05),the treatment group was superior to the control group (P ＜ 0.05);blood D-dimer and maximum platelet aggregation rate of the treatment group had reduced post-treatments (P ＜ 0.05),there was no difference in the two values of the control group between post-treatment and pre-treatment (P ＞ 0.05);the thickness of endometrium of the two groups were both increased after the treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no remarkable statistical difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05);RI in the treatment group had remarkable reduction post-treatments (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no remarkable difference of RI in the control group (P ＞ 0.05);there was no statistical difference of PSV and PI in both groups before and after the treatment (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION The combination treatment of Maixuekang Capsules and female progestational hormone can obviously increase menstrual blood volume,improve uterine blood perfusion and endometrial microcirculation.It has more advantages than use hormones alone.