Objective To study the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?) on endotheliumdependent and-independent vascular relaxation reactivity following hemorrhagic shock in rats.Methods Two hundred and eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,shock control group and oligomycin group.Shock control and oligomycin groups were further divided into 0,0.5,1,2,3,and 4 h groups after hemorrhagic shock.Superior mesenteric artery(SMA) was used to compare the changes in vascular response to sodium nitroprusside(SNP) and acetylcholine(Ach) with or without administration of oligomycin,a kind of specific HIF-1? blocking agent,and to determine the expression of HIF-1? mRNA by RT-PCR.Results The vascular reactivity of SMA to SNP in each shock group was significantly decreased at lower concentrations(10-9,10-8 and 10-7mol/L) of SNP and oligomycin further depressed the response of SMA to SNP.The response of SMA to Ach in shock groups was transiently decreased after shock,and then began to increase during the compensatory period of shock,reached its peak at 2 h after shock,and then decreased again.The response of SMA to Ach decreased significantly in early hemorrhagic shock(0 to 1 h,P

Objective To investigate the effects of Tat-NBD(NEMO-binding domain,NBD)peptide on LPS-stimulated AR42J acinus cells inflammatory response.Method Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)was added to culture media at doses of 10 mg/kg for 24 hours to stimulate the AR42J cells.For pretreatment.cells were incubated with different peptides for 2 hours before LPS stimulation.The expression of TNF-α mRNA WaS conducted using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method.TNF-α protein in culture medium were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression and translocation of the NF-kB-p65 protein of AR42J was determined by Strept Actividin-Biotin Complex(SABC)method.Results LPS(10 mg/L)resulted in an increase of TNF-αmRNA and TNF-αprotein,whereas significant inhibitory effects were observed when cells were incubated with Tat-NBD(WT)just on dose of 0.1 me/L(P＜0.05).The Tat-NBD(WT)peptide decreased inflammatory cytokine expression by a dose-dependent manner and its peak role was on dose of 100 mg/L.Consisting with TNF-α expression decrease,NF-kB-p65 expression signitieantly decreased in Tat-NBD(WT)pretreatment group,especially on the largest dose.NO significant changes in the control peptide group.Conclusions Tat-NBD(WT)peptide can inhibit the inflammation of acinus simulated by LPS.

Objective To study what affect the incidence and recurrence of keloids. Methods A total of 476 cases were treated with surgery plus adjunctive radiation therapy, intraleisional injection of triamcinolone acetonaide acetate, or surgery plus postoperative topical medicine. The family history and other clinical data were analyzed, including patients' age, sex, the duration of keloids, initiating factors, location, size, treatment method, and recurrence of the keloids. Results Keloids occurred in both male and female with the rate of 1. 83 ∶ 1. 00, with a predominance in woman aged from 22 to 45 years old. Trauma and pierce were the most significant initiating factors. The recurrence was affected by patients family history, treatment methods and the location of keloids, and less affected by keloids size, patients' age and sex. Conclusions Both surgery following adjunctive radiation therapy and intraleisional Kenalog injection are useful methods, which are prior to surgery plus postoperative topical medicine. The keloids incidence has a preponderance in some patients with family history. Therefore,genetic research is important to identify the pathogenetic factors in the keloids.

Objective To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus(HBV)genotypes in Zhejiang.Methods HBV genotyps were detected by fluorimetric real-time PCR in 240 HBVDNA positive patients who were born in Zhejiang(Hangzhou,Huzhou,Jinhua,Shaoxing,Taizhou,Ningbo each 40 positive patients).Results of the 240 HNBDNA positive patients,82(34.17%)were genotype B,and 140(58.33%)were genotype C,15(6.25%)were genotype B and C,3(1.25%)were genotype D.No genotype A、E and F found in the studied subjects.Conclusions HBV genotype B,genotype C,genotype B and C,genotype D existed in Zhejiang and there is no difference in ferms of the distribution of genotypes in six areas metioned above.

n of IL-6 and TNF-alpha,alleviate the inflammation of ANP.

Objective To study the effect of human G-coupled protein kinase 4(GRK4) A142V overexpression on angiotensin Ⅱ1 type(AT1 ) receptor and its-mediated proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells .Methods We constructed a lentiviral vec-tor carrying human GRK4-EGFP gene and observed its expression in A10 cells .Expression of AT1 receptor were determined by im-munoblotting ,GRK4 activity were checked by spectrophotometry ;the linkage between GRK4 and AT1 receptor were determined by co-immunoprecipitation .[3 H] thymidine incorporation was used to detect changes of cell proliferation .Results As compared with the control cells ,A142V-transfected cells had higher GRK4 activity and higher AT1 receptor expression ;there was linkage between GRK4 and AT1 receptor ,the co-immunoprecipitation levels were lower in A142V cells .The basal levels of VSMC proliferation was higher in A142V cells ,Ang Ⅱ increased VSMC proliferation to a greater extent in A 142V cells .Conclusion GRK4 A142V ,via in-creasing GRK4 activity ,increases AT1 receptor expression and function in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation .

This article was aimed to investigate the effect of theXin-Jiang-Tang(XJT) Granules on activity of hepatic glycometabolic key enzymes and liver function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group with 8 rats fed with normal diet, and other rats in the model group fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks. And then, STZ (40 mg·kg-1) was peritoneally injected once to induce T2DM rat model. The model rats were randomly divided into the T2DM model group, metformin (0.15 g·kg-1) group, and high-dose (12.64 g·kg-1) and low-dose (6.32 g·kg-1) XJT Granules group. The intragastric administration was given once a day for 8 weeks. After 8-week intervention, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hepatic glycogen, serum ALT, AST, ALP,γ-GT and the activity of HK, PFK, PK, and G6PDH were detected. The results showed that comparing with the model group, XJT Granules group can obvious reduce FBG, FINS, HOME-IR, HbA1c and liver function indexes such as ALT, AST, ALP,γ-GT levels (P < 0.05,P < 0.01), increase the content of hepatic glycogen (P < 0.01), and the activity of HK, PFK, PK and G6PDH (P < 0.05,P < 0.01). It was conclude that XJT Granules can remarkably regulate glycometabolism of diabetic model rats and the regulatory mechanism may be associated with the increasing of HK, PFK, PK and G6PDH activity, promoting the synthesis of hepatic glycogen, improving liver function, downregulating FINS level, improving insulin resistance and eventually decreasing the level of FBG and HbA1c of T2DM rats.

Objective : To evaluate the reliability and the validity of the Japanese version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. Design : Cross-sectional, observational study. Setting : Rehabilitation ward for spinal cord injury in Japan. Patients and Methods : 26 inpatients with traumatic and non-traumatic cervical spinal cord injury, with an average age of 60.3, were included to examine the internal consistency of the subscales (subscores in each domain) and the whole scale, and to determine concurrent validity of the SCIM and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor subscores. To examine interrater reliability, 12 of these patients were assessed by 2 physiatrists independently and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for total scores and weighted kappas for individual item scores were calculated. Results : The ICC for total SCIM score was 0.99, and the weighted kappas for individual item scores showed moderate to strong agreement (kappa=0.54-1.00). The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for domain subscores and total score were above 0.71, demonstrating appropriate internal consistency of the SCIM. The total SCIM scores significantly correlated with the FIM motor subscores (Spearman's rho=0.95), however, there were some variations with the SCIM scores in patients who were rated as 6 (modified independence) with the FIM in such items as bladder management and indoor mobility. Conclusion : The results supported the internal consistency, interrater reliability and concurrent validity of the SCIM in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. The SCIM may be a potential measure to evaluate certain functional aspects that cannot be assessed by the FIM alone.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and hypertension accompanying atherosclerosis in Li people in Hainan province. MethodsTwo hundred and sixty patients with hypertension accompanying atherosclerosis were selected as hypertension plus atherosclerosis group, while two hundred and seventy-six healthy people were regarded as healthy control group. ACE I/D gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of DD, DI and Ⅱ were investigated. The carotid intimal-medial thickness(IMT)was measured by high-resolution ultrasound technique and mean IMT (MIMT) was calculated. Results(1) In the hypertension plus atherosclerosis group, the genotype frequencies of DD, DI and Ⅱ were 15.0%, 37.3%, 47.7%,respectively, and the allele frequencies of D and I were 33.70% and 66.30%, respectively. In the healthy control group, the genotype frequencies of DD, DI and Ⅱ were 17.8% , 40.6% and 41.7%,respectively, and the allele frequencies of D and I were 38.0% and 62.0%, respectively. There were no significant differences both in the genotype frequencies of DD, DI and Ⅱ, and in allele frequencies of D and I between the two groups (P>0. 05). (2) The age,total serum cholesterol(TC),triglyceride (TG), systolic pressure(SBP), diastolic pressure(DBP), apolipoprotein A(apoA) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels were significantly higher in the hypertension plus atherosclerosis group than in the control group(P<0. 05). The high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level was significantly lower in the hypertension plus atherosclerosis group than in the control group(P<0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that TG (OR = 2.14), apoA(OR = 360. 39), SBP(OR = 1.21), DBP (OR=1.08) and ACE DD genetype (OR = 0. 30) had correlation with hypertension plus atherosclerosis(all P<0. 05). The MIMT level was significantly higher in ACE DD subset than in DI and Ⅱ subset (P<0.05). ConclusionsThe ACE DD genotype increases the susceptibility of carotid atheroselerosis, which is the risk factor for hypertension accompanying atherosclerosis in Li people in Hainan province. It may be an early predictive factor in atherosclerosis.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of determining the chemical composition of kidney stones using gemstone spectral imaging ( GSI ).Methods One hundred and sixty eight extracted human kidney stones immersed in a 10 cm deep water tank underwent CT (Discovery CT750 HD) scans with GSI mode and conventional polychromatic imaging ( CPI,120 kVp) mode.All GSI data were transferred to Workstation AW 4.4 to acquire monochromatic images of 50 keY,effective atomic number (Zeff) mapping images,water (calcium)-based images and calcium (Water)-based images with GSI Viewer.CT numbers of stones were measured and compared at 50 keV monochromatic images and 120 kVp polychromatic images,the mean Zeff,calcium density and water density were measured at Zeff mapping images,Calcium (Water) -based images and Water (Calcium)-based images,respectively.The mean Zeff,spectral HU curve slope and calcium water ratio (CWR) were compared with ANOVA and Wilcoxon test.The composition of kidney stones was determined by infrared spectrometer after CT examination.According to the result of stone composition determined by infrared spectroscopy,108 pure kidney stones were divided into five groups:Uric acid stones ( UA,n = 13 ),struvite stones ( STR,n = 24),cystine stones ( CYS,n = 14),calcium phosphate stones ( CaP,n = 18),and calcium oxalate stones ( COX,n = 39).ResultsThe mean Zeff,CWR,the mean CT numbers at 50 keV images,120 kVp images and spectral HU curve slope of each group were listed as the following:UA [ 7.4 ± 0.4,0.0085 ± 0.0021,( 503 ± 168 ) HU,(495 ± 106 ) HU and - 0.77 ] ; STR [ 11.8 ± 0.9,0.1743 ± 0.0677,( 1056 ± 290 ) HU,( 799 ± 165 ) HU and 18.72 ] ; CYS [ 11.2 ± 0.6,0.1253 ± 0.0297,( 740 ± 172 ) HU,( 565 ± 129 ) HU and 12.79 ] ; CaP [ 16.0 ± 0.4,0.6781 ± 0.0952,( 2567 ±178 ) HU,( 1602 ± 200 ) HU and 37.14 ] ; COX [ 15.4 ± 0.4,0.5683 ± 0.0759,( 2267 ± 385 ) HU,( 1489 ±284) HU and 36.36 ],there were significant differences among groups ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The differences in the mean Zeff,CRW,spectral HU curve slope were statistically significant among the five groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Spectral CT imaging provides a new method to characterize the kidney stones with the information orovided by mean Zeff,CRW and the CT numbers at 50 keV.