Objective: To evaluate the effect of propofol on coronary circulation of acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion inury. Metbod: 18 hybrid dogs (11-14kg) were divided randomly into three groups:NS group (normal saline, 2ml?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)), HP group (high-dose propofol, 11.2mg?kg~(-1)?h~(-1)), LP group (low-dose propofol, 5.6mg?kg~(-1) ?b~(-1)). These dogs were subjected to 90 min left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusions followed by 200 min of reperfusions. Before administration, 60 min after administration, 60min, 120min, 180min following reperfusion,coronary circulation was assessed by measurement of coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and blood flow of LAD. Result: The values of CPP in HP and LP groups 60 minafter administration were significantly lower than those in NS group before LAD occlusion (P

objective:To evaluate the effeets of Propofol on left ventrieular funetion of aeute myoeardial isehemia-reperfusion injury in eane.Method:Eighteen hybrid dogs(11一14kg)were divided randomly inro three groups:NSgroup(norrnal saline,Zml?kg一l?h一1),HP group(high一dose propofol,11.Zmg?kg一1?h一1),LP group(low一dosepropofol,5.6mg?kg一'?h一').These dogs were subjeeted to a 90一min left anterior deseending eoronary artery oeelu-5 ion followed by 200min of rePerfusion.Before ad而nistrat一on,60min after administration,at oeelusion一90min and60min.12Ornin and180min壬ollowing reperfusion left ventrieular funetion was assessed by measurement of LVSP,LVEDP,dp/dtmax and dP/dtmin.Result:Compared with the baselines,LVSP,dp/dtmax and dP/dtmin 60 min afteradrninistration deereased byg%,17%and 17%respeetively,LVEDP inereased by 80%in HP grouP.120min and180min during reperfusion LVSP.dp/dtmaxanddp/dtmininHPandLPgroupweresignifiea八tlyhigherthanthoseinNs group。.05),LvEDP signifieantly lower than that in NS group(p

Objective To detect genetic causes of idiopathic mental retardation/developmental delay in 20 male patients with epilepsy and to analyze their clinical characteristics of positive mutation carriers.Methods The families,consisted of the patient and his parents were recruited.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood,and candidate gene mutation screening was carried out by next-generation sequencing technology.Mutations in positive gene were verified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and direct sequencing.Results Three missense mutations were identified among 3 patients out of 20 cases,with a detection rate of 15％.They were:OPHN1 gene c.1996 C ＞ G,RAB39B gene c.542 C ＞ T and AFF2 gene c.427 A ＞ T,none of which had been reported before.All of these mutations were likely to be pathogenic based on gene function,evolutionary conservation,variant frequency in normal population (NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project and 1 000 Genomes),bioinformatics prediction and inheritance patterns.In addition,all 3 genes disrupted were residing on the X chromosome previously demonstrated to be associated with X-linked mental retardation(XLMR),indicating that they were probably pathogenic or might serve as one of the risk factors.Conclusions Abnormal function of genes on the X chromosomal is one of the most impotent causes of XLMR.X chromosomal gene mutation screening would be recommended for male children suffering from idiopathic mental retardation with epilepsy.

AIM: To investigate the effect of LPS on phagocytosis of Kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS: Isolated Kupffer cells were treated with LPS in vitro . The phagocytosis, microfilament, microtubules and apoptosis of Kupffer cells were determined by the beads phagocytosis test, fluorescence staining, fluorometry and flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: LPS enhances the phagocytosis, actin content, microtubules fluorescence density of Kupffer cells in vitro , while at a large dose or for a long time, it lessened the phagocytosis increasing or phagocytosis, inhibites the microfilament and microtubules expression, and induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: LPS enhances the phagocytosis of Kupffer cells in vitro , but in large amount, it inhibites the phagocytosis of Kupffer cells, which is probably related to LPS -induced microfilament, microtubules expression changes and apoptosis in Kupffer cells.

Objective To evaluate the causes and prognosis of severe trauma in the elderly.Methods The 168 patients in elderly group (aged 60 to 91 years), 517 in middle-aged group (aged 36to 59 years) and 405 in young group (aged 18 to 35 years) were evaluated using an abbreviated injury scale (AIS2005) and injury severity score (ISS). All patients with ISS ≥ 16 were selected during a seven-year period. The injury severity, injury site number, cause of injury, injury site, emergency operation, diseases before injury, secondary infection after injury, development of multiple organ dysfunction, number of patients with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, length of stay in ICU and prognosis were compared among three groups. Results The main cause of injury was accident (64patients, 38.1%), followed by traffic accident (63 patients, 37.5%) in elderly group. The traffic accident was major cause of injury in middle-aged and young group (246 patients, 47.6%; 153patients, 37.8%, respectively), followed by fall from high places (128 patients, 24.8%; 102 patients, 25.2%, respectively). The main injury sites were head and chest in elderly, middle-aged and young group (155 patients, 92.3%; 411 patients, 79.5%; 321 patients, 79.3%, respectively).There were significant differences among three groups in injury site number, emergency operation,pre-injury diseases, secondary infection after injury, number of patients with ICU stay and length of stay in ICU (F=8. 299, P＜0.01; x2= 14.88, P=0.001; x2=254.6, P＜0.01; x2=10. 54, P=0. 005; x2 = 15.62, P＜0.01; F= 5.760, P= 0.005, respectively ). In spite of injury severity (F=2.950, P= 0.053), there were significant differences between elderly group and middle-aged or young group (t=2.325, P=0.021; t=2.128, P=0.034, respectively). The incidence of multiple organ dysfunction had no significant difference among the three groups (x2 = 1.142, P= 0.565). The cure rate and unhealed automatically discharged patients had significant differences (x2 = 13.77, P= 0. 001;x2 =6.025, P= 0.049, respectively). The mortalities were similar (x2 = 1.397, P= 0.497). The leading cause of death among three groups was a serious head injury. Conclusions For elderly patients, it is important to reduce accidental injuries and traffic accidents, to improve the cure rate,and to reduce the unhealed and mortality rate.

Objective To study the effect of PIM-1 gene silence by RNA interference (RNAi) on the growth of human prostate cancer xenograft tumor in nude mice. Methods The xenograft tumor model of human prostate cancer was established by injecting PC-3 cells in armpits of 12 nude mice. After modeling, the nude mice were randomly divided into three groups: interference plasmid group (injecting with RNAi recombinant plasmid), empty plasmid group and negative control group (liposome every), 4 mice in each group. Mice were injected every 2 days for 5 times. The tumor volumes of xenografts were measured during experiment, and the curve of tumor growth was drawn accordingly. The quality of tumor was measured, and the inhibitory rate of tumor was calculated at the end of the experiments. The expression levels of PIM-1, c-MYC mRNA and protein in xenograft tumors were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining was used to verify the expression of PIM-1. Results The xenograft tumor model of human prostate cancer was established successfully. The volume of tumor was significantly decreased 6 days after the injection treatment in interference plasmid group than that of empty plasmid group and negative control group. The effect of suppressing tumor growth was remarkable. The expression levels of PIM-1 mRNA and protein were down-regulated significantly in interference plasmid group than those of other two groups. The immunohistochemical staining of PIM-1 showed the same changes. There was no significant difference in c-MYC protein level between the three groups. But interestingly, the c-MYC mRNA level was significantly decreased in interference plasmid group than that of other two groups. Conclusion The silence of PIM-1 gene by RNAi recombinant plasmid can result a significant growth suppression of the human prostate cancer xenograft tumors in nude mice. The expression of c-MYC gene is down-regulated at translation level in the therapeutic group concomitantly. PIM-1 may be a promising target of gene therapy for prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the pharmacological mechanism of the Chinese medicinal compound Qinggong Zhixue Granule (QGZXG), which has an effect of replenishing qi to activate blood and expelling stasis to stop bleeding, in treating irregular vaginal bleeding after medical abortion. METHODS: Healthy female KM mice and mice with immunodeficiency caused by cytoxan (CTX) were chosen as experimental subjects. The effects of QGZXG on the phagocytization of the mice's monocytes (by using the method of carbon particles expurgation), the delayed type hypersensitivity caused by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and the content of antibody of hemolysin in the mice's serum were observed. RESULTS: (1) QGZXG improved the ability of the liver and spleen of immunodeficient mice to expurgate carbon particles. There was an significant statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the low dose group as well as the high dose group (P < 0.01) and a statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the medium dose group (P < 0.05). (2) QGZXG boosted the cellular immunity of immunodeficient mice. The ear swelling of mice in low, medium and high dose group was more obvious than that in the CTX treated group, and this difference was significant in statistics (P < 0.01). (3) QGZXG raised the content of the antibody of hemolysin in the serum of immunodeficient mice. A statistical difference occurred between the high dose group and the CTX treated group. The low and medium dose also had a tendency of such effect. CONCLUSION: QGZXG can improve both the specific and non-specific immunity of the immunodeficient mice, and therefore accelerate the recovery of the whole body and endometrium after parturition and abortion. In consequence, it leads to shorter duration and less quantity of vaginal bleeding after medical abortion.

Objective To detect the expression of KL-6 mucin in the tissue and serum of hepatoma in different hepatoma patients,and to investigate the value of KL-6 mucin as a tumor marker in the diagnosis of hepatoma.Methods The expression of KL-6 mucin in the hepatoma tissues of 81 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),21 patients with cholangiocarcinoma(CC),12 patients with combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma(HCC-CC)and 56 patients with metastatic liver cancer(MLC)was detected by immunohistochemical analysis.The expression of KL-6 mucin in the serums of 34 HCC patients,8 CC patients,30 MLC patients and 19 healthy individuals was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and all the data were analyzed by t test.Results Expression of KL-6 mucin was detected in the cholangiocarcinoma tissues in all CCand HCC-CC patients.In several hepatoma cells and partial hepatoma tissues of patients with MLC,the expression of KL-6 mucin was detected.No expression of KL-6 mucin was detected in the hepatocellular carcinoma tissuesand non-cancerous tissues of patients with HCC or HCC-CC.The serum levels of KL-6 mucin expression in CC patients were signifcantly higher than those in healthy individuals,HCC and MLC patients(t=5.58,5.34,4.00.P＜0.01).The difference of the serum levels of KL-6 mucin expression between MLC patients and healthy individuals had statistical significance(t=2.77,P＜0.01).However,no significant difference in serum levels of KL-6 mucin expression was found between HCC patients and healthy individuals and between HCC patients and MLC patients(t=2.03,1.89,P＞0.05).Conclusion The expression of KL-6 inucin in CC patients is significantly higher than in patients with other types of hepatoma in both tissue and serum levels.Thus,KL-6 may be a usetul new tmnor marker for distinguishing CC from other types of hepatoma.

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of the GABA(A)-receptor gamma 2 subunit gene (GABRG2) in a Chinese family with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+ ) and analyze the genotype-phenotype correlations and its inheritance.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of the proband and other available members in the GEFS+ family. The coding regions and flanking intronic regions of the GABRG2 gene were screened for mutations using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing.

RESULTSThere were 7 affected members in the three-generation family, in which one with febrile seizures (FS) and six with febrile seizures plus (FS+ ). This family was consistent with the diagnostic criteria of GEFS+ . The nonsense mutation c.1287G to A (p.W390X) in the GABRG2 gene was initially identified in the proband. Seven affected members (6 FS+ and 1 FS) and one unaffected member carried the mutation. The nonsense mutation c.1287G to A/p.W390X in the GABRG2 gene was co-segregated with the GEFS+ family. The penetrance rate was about 87.5%(7/8).

CONCLUSIONThis GEFS+ family was consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. GABRG2 mutation is also a disease-causing mutation in Chinese GEFS+ patients. The p.W390X mutation has not been reported previously.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Conserved Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; complications ; genetics ; Exons ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Receptors, GABA-A ; chemistry ; genetics ; Seizures, Febrile ; complications ; genetics

Objective To understand the prevalence and the factors associated with depression and anxiety among patients attending the community-based methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) program.Methods 9 MMT clinics in 3 provinces were randomly selected,in which 1 301 MMT patients who met the criteria of recruitment were all interviewed.A cross-sectional study by administrative questionnaire was employed to investigate the demographics,drug abuse and MMT treatment status of the respondents.The 1301 respondents were also evaluated for depression and anxiety by SDS(Self-Rating Depression Scale) and SAS(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale) respectively.ANOVA and multivariate linear regressions analysis was used to verify the factors associated with depression and anxiety respectively.Results The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the MMT patients were 38.3%(498/1 301) and 18.4%(239/1 301).The multivariates linear regression analysis indicated that at the level of ?=0.05,gender,employment status were associated with depression,while gender,employnment status,educational level,drug abuse and methadone daily dosage were associated with anxiety.Conclusions There are certain proportions of MMT clients who suffer from depression and anxiety.The MMT clinic staff should put more emphasis on the efforts to reduce psychological disorders and its potential risks by enhancing psychological councelling,intervention and social support towards the MMT patients.