1.Evaluation of measurement uncertainty for the determination of ginsenosides in Radix ginseng by HPLC.
Ping HU ; Guo-an LUO ; Zhong-zhen ZHAO ; Kelvin K C CHAN ; Zhi-hong JIANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2005;40(1):49-53
AIMTo set out the procedure for estimation of measurement uncertainty for the determination of ginsenosides R(g1), Re and R(b1) in Radix ginseng by HPLC.
METHODSTo facilitate the identification and analysis of the uncertainty sources arising from the procedure of analysis, a cause and effect diagram was constructed and simplified. Each uncertainty component whether associated with individual sources or with the combined effects of several sources, was evaluated with respect to the significance of its contribution to the overall measurement uncertainty and was expressed as standard uncertainty. All the standard uncertainties were then combined according to the appropriate rules to give a combined standard uncertainty and an expanded standard uncertainty. Results The expanded standard uncertainties for the HPLC determination of ginsenoside R(g1), Re, and R(b1), are 0.12c, 0.14c and 0.13c, respectively.
CONCLUSIONMeasurement uncertainty is applicable to set the limit of the ginsenosides in Radix ginseng. The establishment of the methodology for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty is important to the studies of Chinese materia medica standards.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Sensitivity and Specificity
2.Validation of Self-administrated Questionnaire for Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia.
Ada W Y TSE ; Larry H LAI ; C C LEE ; Kelvin K F TSOI ; Vincent W S WONG ; Yawen CHAN ; Joseph J Y SUNG ; Francis K L CHAN ; Justin C Y WU
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 2010;16(1):52-60
INTRODUCTION: Psychiatric comorbidity is common in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) but a good screening tool for psychiatric disorders in gastrointestinal clinical practice is lacking. Aims: 1) Evaluate the performance and optimal cut-off of 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) as a screening tool for psychiatric disorders in FD patients; 2) Compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in FD patients with and without psychiatric comorbidities. METHODS: Consecutive patients fulfilling Rome III criteria for FD without medical co-morbidities and gastroesophageal reflux disease were recruited in a gastroenterology clinic. The followings were conducted at 4 weeks after index oesophagogastroduodenoscopy: self-administrated questionnaires on socio-demographics, dyspeptic symptom severity (4-point Likert scale), GHQ-12, and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID) by a trained psychiatrist, which served as reference standard. RESULTS: 55 patients underwent psychiatrist-conducted interview and questionnaire assessment. 27 (49.1%) had current psychiatric disorders as determined by SCID (anxiety disorders: 38.2%, depressive disorders: 16.4%). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of GHQ-12 revealed an area under curve of 0.825 (95%CI: 0.698-0.914). Cut-off of GHQ-12 at > or =3 gave a sensitivity of 63.0% (95%CI = 42.4-80.6%) and specificity of 92.9% (95%CI = 76.5%-98.9%). Subjects with co-existing psychiatric disorders scored significantly lower in multiple domains of SF-36 (mental component summary, general health, vitality and mental health). By multivariate linear regression analysis, current psychiatric morbidities (Beta = -0.396, p = 0.002) and family history of psychiatric illness (Beta = -0.299, p = 0.015) were independent risk factors for poorer mental component summary in SF-36, while dyspepsia severity was the only independent risk factor for poorer physical component summary (Beta = -0.332, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant psychiatric disorders adversely affect HRQoL in FD patients. The use of GHQ-12 as a reliable screening tool for psychiatric disorders allows early intervention and may improve clinical outcomes of these patients.
Area Under Curve
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Axis, Cervical Vertebra
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Comorbidity
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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Dyspepsia
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Early Intervention (Education)
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Gastroenterology
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Gastroesophageal Reflux
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Health Surveys
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Humans
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Linear Models
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Mass Screening
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Mental Disorders
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Psychiatry
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Quality of Life
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Surveys and Questionnaires
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Risk Factors
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ROC Curve
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Rome
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Sensitivity and Specificity