Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose tirofiban combined with dual anti-platelet therapy in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation for acute coronary syndrome.Methods From October 2010 to July 2013,a total of 306 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome were enrolled and divided into 2 groups:triple anti-platelet group (156 patients) and dual anti-platelet group (150 patients).Patients in triple anti-platelet group received low-dose tirofiban with starting dose 0.4 μ g/(kg· min) and 0.1 μ g/(kg·min) after 30 min for 24-36 h on the basis of dual anti-platelet therapy.Patients in dual anti-platelet group only received dual anti-platelet therapy.Information of the bleeding time,the clotting time,the platelet count change,the major adverse cardiac events (MACE),bleeding events in both groups were observed and the efficacy and safety were evaluated.Results The rate of thrombus of stent and target vessel revascularization were 2.0％ (3/150) and 2.7％ (4/150) in dual anti-platelet group,0.6％ (1/156) and 0.6％ (1/156) in triple anti-platelet group,and there were no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the rate of bleeding events between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The bleeding time and clotting time in two groups were extended at different degree,but there were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Additional use of low-dose tirofiban is effective and safe in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation for acute coronary syndrome.It could not only reduce the MACE rate but also improve the coronary blood flow.Moreover,it does not increase the bleeding events.

BACKGROUND:Numerical stimulation technology is a good method to analyze blood flow changes after intracranial aneurysm stenting that oftenresult in restenosis.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the hemodynamic effect of stent implantation on patient-specific intracranial aneurysm and the distribution of the wal shear stress on the stent surface.
METHODS:Brain CT data from a patient with intracranial aneurysm were extracted and optimized to establish a patient-specific intracranial aneurysm materialization model. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional model of rectangular section spiral stent was designed to develop an aneurysm model with the stent by the method of boolean operation. Then, the possibility of restenosis was analyzed based on the distribution of wal shear stress on the surface of stent model.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The wal shear stress on the stent surface which was more than 40 Pa increasedalong with the increase of blood velocity and blood viscosity at the same moment. However, the wal shear stress on the stent surface which was less than 0.5 Pa decreased along with the increase of blood viscosity, and its distribution was the largest when the blood velocity was 0. This stent provides a new insight into the controling of the aneurysm growth and rupture, but the restenosis area is too large. In order to prevent restenosis, the stent need to be optimized or reselected to keep the desired shear stress values of 0.5 to 40 Pa, and meanwhile to minimize the pulsating change of wal shear stress during a cardiac cycle.

Objective To investigate protective effects of polysaccharides from Platycarya strobilacea Sieb.et Zucc on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.MethodsForty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham group,model group,Rehmannia glutinosa polysaecharide low,and high dose groups.Each group was given oral administration for 7 days.After 1 h of last administration, the CIRI (cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury) group was produced inserting 5-0 line into the internal carotid artery.Neurological functional score was evaluated according to the method of Zea longa's score, meanwhile,infarct size was detected by TTC staining.Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α contents in cerebral tissues were measured.TUNEL staining was used to assess the number of TUNEL-positive cells of the ischemic cortex.Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in cerebral tissues.ResultsCompared to model group, Platycarya strobilacea a polysaccharides could significantly improve neurogical functions,greatly decrease the contents of MDA, IL-10 and IL-1β in cerebral tissues,improve SOD activity and IL-10 content in cerebral tissues,and effectively reduce cerebral infarct range.Meanwhile Platycarya strobilacea polysaccharides could enhance the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in cerebral tissues.ConclusionPlatycarya strobilacea polysaccharides have beneficial effects on rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be mediated at least in part by the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of luteolin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham group,model group,luteolin low and high dose groups.Each group was given oral administration for 7 days.After 1 h of last administration,the CIRI ( cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury) group was produced inserting 5-0 line into the internal carotid artery.Then levels of IL-10, IL-1βand TNF-αcontents in myocardial tissues were measured.Meanwhile,infarct size was detected by TTC staining and number of BrdU +and Nestin + were measured by immunohistochemical methods.Results Compared with model group, luteolin could significantly decrease the levels of TNF-αand IL-1βin cerebral tissues(P<0.05),improve IL-10 content in cerebral tissues(P<0.05),and effectively reduce myocardial infarct range(P<0.05).Meanwhile luteolin could improve the expressions of BrdU + and Nestin + in cerebral tissues(P <0.05).Conclusion Luteolin has beneficial effects on rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and improves endogenous neural stem cells proliferation.

There are more than 3 000 kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human exhaled gas, which are directly or indirectly related to the pathophysiological process of the body. Therefore, the detection and quantitative analysis of VOCs in vivo is helpful for the early detection, diagnosis and evaluation of treatment results. Breath analysis is a simple, noninvasive, painless, economic and time-saving detection method. It is a new field of rapid development, and has great potential in disease screening and clinical diagnosis. In this paper, the application of human exhaled gas analysis in clinical disease diagnosis and the latest progress in this field will be summarized.

Objective To discuss factors related to clinical characteristics,biological behavior,and prognosis in gastric stromal tumors (GST).Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical materials and records of 70 GST patients diagnosed after surgery and pathological examinations,all patients were contacted by telephone or mail for follow-up.Results (1) All GST patients had similar distribution of gender,and had age range of 50 to 69 years with mean age of 59.1 years.Clinical symptoms were non-specific,and main clinical manifestations included abdominal discomfort (42.9％),followed by abdominal pain (37.1％),and upper digestive tract hemorrhage (7.1％).(2) Sex,age,presenting symptoms,and original location of tumors were not significantly related to prognosis (P ＞ 0.05).However,size of the tumor,mitosis count,and the malignancy potential grading were significantly associated with patient prognosis.Among them,size of the tumor (maximum tumor diameter ＞ 5 cm vs ＜ 2 cm,HR =21.3,95％ CI:5.9-77.0;maximum tumor diameter 2-5 cm vs ＜ 2 cm,HR =2.3,95％ CI:1.2-7.8),and mitosis count (mitosis count ＞ 10/50 HPF vs mitosis count ≤5/50 HPF,HR =22.5,95％ CI:8.6-58.6;6-10/50 HPF vs ≤5/50 HPF,HR =11.1,95％ CI:9.9-12.3) were independently associated with GST prognosis.Conclusions Tumor size,mitosis count,and malignancy potential grading were associated with prognosis of GST.Among them,tumor size and mitosis count were independent predictors of prognosis.When the tumor size is larger,and mitotic count and the malignant potential grade is higher,prognosis of GST patients were worse.

BACKGROUND:On the basis of modern design method and numerical simulation, studies can explore the action mechanisms of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine.
OBJECTIVE:To explore a kind of non-homogeneous and isotropic biological bone finite element modeling method based on CT value, and to study the influence of sand therapy in Uyghur medicine on the mechanical properties of rabbits’ femur.
METHODS:Eight adult New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish osteoarthritis models of right posterior femur with papain. These rabbits were divided into sand therapy group and control group. In the sand therapy group, after treatment with sand therapy in Uyghur medicine, rabbit femoral models were scanned with CT. The fault image data were imported into MIMICS software. 3D model of femur was generated. The meshing was done. The material properties were given. Three-point bending in the Ansys was simulated and solved.Simultaneously, the isolated three point bending tests were performed in al rabbit models. The corresponding deflection and the maximum stress values were obtained. Finaly, the results obtained from the three-dimensional finite element modeling method were compared with the results obtained from the experiments.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The deflection and the maximum stress obtained by the three-point bending simulation analysis with the three-dimensional finite element model of the rabbits’ femur were wel correlated with the data obtained from the experiments. (2) These results indicate that the finite element modeling method is consistent with the structural and material properties of bone, which can be used to analyze the stress and deformation ofbones.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of Han and Uygur patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)of coronary artery disease and its risk factors in Kashi area.Methods The clinical data of 98 cases of Han and Uygur 152 cases with AMI (including acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and acute non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction)were retrospectively analyzed.And risk factors were analyzed.Results Uygur patients with AMI in hypertension,diabetes,smoking,obesity and Han patients with no significant difference(P >0.05).In Uygur patients with AMI high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL -C)was (1.10 ±0.36)mmol/L,which was lower than Han patients (1.41 ±0.53)mmol/L(t =6.701,P <0.05),triglyceride(TG)[(2.21 ±1.40)mmol/L] higher than Han patients[(1.76 ±0.77)mmol/L](t =6.393,P <0.05),total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and Han patients compared with no significant difference(P >0.05).The level of fibrinogen(FIB)in Uygur AMI patients[(4.02 ±0.84)g/L]was higher than that in Han patients[(3.69 ±0.69)g/L](t =8.420,P =0.004).Uygur patients with acute myocardial infarction coronary angiography showed multiple lesions in the majority, the involvement of blood vessels in the anterior descending branch,there was no significant difference between the Han patients(P =0.713).No obvious abnormal vessels of Han and Uygur AMI patients in coronary angiography showed no statistically significant differences(P =0.003).Conclusion Uygur patients had more history of dyslipidemia,triglyceride and fibrinogen levels were higher than the Han nationality,low density lipoprotein levels were lower than that of the Han nationality.Patients with no obvious lesion in the coronary artery were less than the Han patients.

Objective To observe the effects of vitamin C (VC) and E (VE) on the uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain tissue of fluorosis rats. Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were chosen as the experimental animals and were divided into 9 groups randomly. The control group were given distilled water and the fluoride exposed group were given distilled water containing sodium fluoride 150 mg/L. The throe VC-fluoride exposed groups were given VC orally in a dose of 50,100,150 mg·kg-1.d-1, respectively, and the three VE-fluoride exposed groups were given VE of 25,50,75 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. The VC-VE-fluoride exposed group were given VC of 100 mg·kg-1·d-1and VE of 50 mg·kg-1·d-1at the same time of high fluoride water intake. The rats were sacrificed after 9 months and the ultrastructure changes on liver, kidney and brain tissues of each group were observed under transmission electron microscope(TEM). Results The uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain showed pathologic changes in the rats that drank water containing high eoneentrations of sodium fluoride. ①Edema of hepatocytes, smeared mitochontria and nuclear matrix, lipid droplet in eytoplasm of hepatocytes, margination of nueleohs as well as obvious swelling of liver sinusoidal endothelial were observed in fluoride exposed group. ② There were marginafion of heterochromatin, expansion of cell space and endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney after the exposure to excess fluoride.③Signifieant changes were found on glial eells on the brain, including cell swelling, increase and marginafion of heterochromatin in the fluoride exposure group. There were no significant uhrastrueture changes in the VC or VE intervention group, while the VC-VE-fluoride exposure group was almost the same as the control group. Conclusions Fluoresis may cause damage on liver, kidney and brain in rats. VC and VE, alone or combined, have protective effects, and the combined supplementation was stronger than single supplementations.

BACKGROUND:Cerebral aneurysm is a kind of mortal hemangioma, and its treatments such as endovascular embolization and clipping both cause high postoperative recurrence rate and mortality. So the stent implantation for cerebral aneurysm is coming into being. OBJECTTVE:To evaluate the hemodynamic parameters after stent implantation into cerebral aneurysm and to provide a novel feasible strategy for clinical treatment. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was preformed based on the CT image data of 11 patients with cerebral aneurysm from the Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Firstly, the flexible and solid model of cerebral aneurysm was established by the MIMICS and reverse engineering. Secondly, the matching stent model was implanted into the cerebral aneurysm, and then the blood flow structure of cerebral aneurysm was analyzed by the fluid dynamics theory and the Fluent with the method of two-way flow solid coupling. Final y, comparative analysis of the kinetic parameters of cerebral aneurysm before and after implantation, including wal pressure, blood velocity, path line of the blood flow, wal shear stress, wal deformation was conducted, and blood flow characteristics after stent implantation were analyzed under different entrance velocity. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After implantation, the wal surface pressure was reduced about 61.1%;the blood flow velocity around the stent and the inside of the cerebral aneurysm was decelerated obviously;under setting 2 000 lines of blood flow, the number of path line of blood flow into the cerebral aneurysm reduced about 75.0%, the maximum wal shear stress decreased about 79.3%, and the maximum wal deformation reduced to a lower level. The entrance velocity was respectively v1=0.1 m/s, v2=0.2 m/s, v3=0.3 m/s and the wal pressure was in a gradient ascent;the wal shear stress increased with the velocity, meanwhile,τzou (left neck of aneurysm)<τzhong (aneurysm )<τyou (right neck of aneurysm). The path lines of blood flow mainly concentrated in the top of the aneurysm, and the blood velocity markedly affected the surface deformation. These results indicate that main hemodynamic parameters are obviously improved after stent implantation into cerebral aneurysm, and the blood velocity should never be neglectful in the treatment process.