Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Genotype ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Plague ; Yersinia pestis ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To summarize advances in clinical application of ureter stent and its biocompatibility. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI (1989/2009) and Medline (1989/2009) was performed with the key words of "ureter, biocompatibility, stent, treatment, complications" in Chinese and English respectively. A total of 51 articles were collected. and 21 were included. The treatment advances and its biocompatibility of ureter stent were summarized, and clinical application advances, biocompatibility and complication prevention of ureter stent were explored. RESULTS: Ureter stent includes polymerizer, metal and degradable material stents. As the common implants in treatment of upper urinary tract diseases, ureter stent functions as stent and internal drainage, and relieve ureteral obstruction, prevent leakage of urine postoperatively and ureterostenosis. Complications following ureter stent implantation include stent shifting, urine reflux, irdtative symptoms of bladder, fouling and stone formation as well as infection. However, these complications can be relieved through positive treatment. CONCLUSION: Ureter stent is an effective approach to treat urologic disease, but the biocompatibility required improvement. Rigorous operation during stent implantation and positive treatment of complication can effectively prevent complications.

Objective To study the effect of thorium and rare earth mixed dust on chromosome aberrations in the lymphocytes of occupational exposed worker8.Methods Analyses of unstable chromosome aberrations on 53 occupational exposed worker8 and 58 control workers were carried out by the conventional Giemsa staining method.Fluorescence in situ hybridization method Wills performed to analyze the chromosome stable aberrations on 10 occupational exposed workers and 10 control workers.Results The frequencies of chromosomal aberration cells,dicentfics plus rings,total aberrations in exposed workers were significantly higher than those in controls.No significant difference was found in the frequency of acentric aberrations between exposed and non-exposed workers.No significant difference was found in the frequency of translocations between exposed and non-exposed workers.Conclusions Chronically occupational exposure to thorium and rare earthmixed dust can increase the induction of unstable chromosome aberration,but the increase of stable chromosome aberrations(translocation)can not be observed.

Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in brain tissues following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats.Methods Sixty male SD rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into three groups (n =20 for each):sham operation group,TBI group,and IPC group.Cerebral IPC models were induced by transient occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries; TBI models were induced by Feeney's freefalling method; rats in sham operation group were only performed exposure of dura of the right parietal lobe.Ten rats were sacrificed respectively at 6 and 72 hours after TBI and injured brain tissues were harvested to estimate wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio for the brain,determine ICAM-1 expression by immunohistochemistry and perform microscopic examination.Results Brain W/D ratio was significantly increased in TBI group compared with sham operation group (6 h:4.2 ± 0.4 vs 2.7 ± 0.4 ; 72 h:5.0 ±0.1 vs 3.1 ± 0.2,P ＜ 0.05).ICAM-1 expression was up-regulated in TBI group compared with sham operationgroup (6h:25.4±3.5vs8.6±1.3; 72 h:36.5±5.4 vs8.4±1.6,P＜0.05).W/D ratio was significantly decreased in IPC group compared with TBI group (6 h:3.5 ±0.6 vs 4.2 ±0.4; 72 h:3.7 ± 0.4 vs 5.0 ± 0.1,P ＜ 0.05).ICAM-1 expression was down-regulated in IPC group compared with TBI group (6 h:16.5 ± 2.7 vs 25.4 ± 3.5 ; 72 h:24.3 ± 4.6 vs 36.5 ± 5.4,P ＜ 0.05).Milder injury to brain tissues was observed in IPC group than in TBI group.Conclusion IPC can attenuate TBI in rats by down-regulating the expression of ICAM-1.

Chemical investigatation of Drosera peltata var. multisepala led to the isolation of eleven compounds using various chromatographic techniques. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as isoshinanolone-4-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), isoshinanolone (2), epi-isoshinanolone (3), plumbagin (4), droserone (5), droserone-5-O-glucoside (6), quercetin (7), kaempferol (8) , gossypetin-8-O-glucoside (9), 3,3'-dimethoxy ellagic acid (10), and ellagic acid (11) by their physicochemical properties and spectral data analysis. Compound 1 was a new compound. Compounds 3, 8, 10, and 11 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Drosera ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ellagic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Kaempferols ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Molecular Structure ; Naphthoquinones ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Quercetin ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Tetrahydronaphthalenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Objective:To understand the plague epidemic characteristics in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province, and to provide scientific basis for innovative prevention and control of the plague in combination with local conditions. Methods:A retrospective study was used to collect the monitoring data of the natural foci of plague in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2018 (from the epidemic surveillance files of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Gansu Province and direct network reporting information). Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the plague epidemic characteristics of natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2018, including the distribution of host animals, pathogenic and serological testing of the plague bacteria, and the epidemic characteristics of human plague. Results:From 2011 to 2018, the total average marmot density in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province was 0.21/hm 2, of which Tianzhu County had the highest average marmot density of 0.58/hm 2, and Jiayuguan City had the lowest average marmot density of 0.01/hm 2. A total of 381 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated in the foci, of which 4 were isolated from human corpses, 298 were host animals, and 79 were infectious vectors. Among them, the top 3 counties (cities) of isolated strains were Aksai County (38.85%, 148 strains), Subei County (31.50%, 120 strains) and Yumen City (16.27%, 62 strains). A total of 6 860 marmot serum, 1 769 dog serum were tested, the F1 antibody positive rates were 2.70% (185/6 860), 8.42% (149/1 769); and the F1 antigen positive rate of 814 animal materials was 4.30% (35/814), respectively. There were 4 times of human plague, 4 cases occurred and 4 cases died; 3 times occurred in Subei County and 1 time in Yumen City. The onset months were July, September, November and December. Active contact with infected animals such as shepherd dogs was the main route of infection, and migrant herders were the key occupation population. Conclusions:The animal epidemic situation in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province is active, and the plague presents different epidemic states in different regions. The prevention and control measures should be taken according to local conditions and guided by classification to strictly prevent the occurrence and transmission of the plague.

Objective To investigate the compliance of secondary prevention and the relationship with the long-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods 589 patients undergoing PCI were followed-up,and factors including major adverse cardiac events(MACE)),smoking status and the usage of antiplatelet agents,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI)/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker(ARB),statins,beta blocker,calcium channel blocker and nitrates were recorded.Results The average follow-up time was 18.92 months.At discharge,588 patients(99.83%)were prescribed clopidogrel for(7.89±4.96)months;there were 31 patients(5.26%)who completely discontinued antiplatelet therapy during follow-up.At discharge,the prescription rate of aspirin,ACEI/ARB,beta blocker,statins,calcium channel blocker and nitrates was 98.98%,41.94%,63.50%,83.02%,19.69%and 46.52%respectively,whereas at follow-up,these were decreased to 94.4%,35.99%,55.86%,65.89%,17.49%and 35.31%.At follow-up,there were still 105 current smokers(17.83%).Complete cessation of antiplatelet therapy and current smoking were related to the increased risk of non-fatal myocardial infarct(9.68%v.s.1.08%,P＜0.01);smoking(4.76%v.s.0.83%,P＜0.01)andMACE(19.35%v.s.6.45%,P＜0.01);smoking(11.43%v.s.6.20%,P＜0.05).Conclusion Most patients can adhere to secondary prevention during follow-up,however,the compliance with secondary prevention should be improved further.Cessation of antiplatelet therapy and current smoking contribute to poor prognosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of oral short-acting contraceptives after abortion surgery. Methods A to-tal of 200 cases who were voluntarily requested termination of pregnancy in our hospital were randomly divided into the observation group (100 cases) and the control group (100 cases). Antibiotics and Motherwort particles were given to the control group. Marvelon, antibiotics and Motherwort particles were given to the observation group after abortion. Thera-peutic effect of two groups was observed and compared. Results The observation group postoperative recovery was sig-nificantly better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reaction was significantly lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Con-clusion Oral short-acting contraceptives after abortion surgery not only can promote postoperative recovery, reduce ad-verse reaction, beneficial to the women's physical and mental health.

Objective:To evaluate the value of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) combined with neuronavigation for the resection of insular gliomas.Methods:From August 2014 to October 2017 in the First Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University,clinical data of 41 patients with insular glioma,who underwent the surgery assisted with 3.0T iMRI and neuronavigation,were analyzed retrospectively,and the resection extent,complications and prognosis were evaluated.Results:Subtotal tumor resection was achieved in 21 patients and partial resection was done in 20 after iMRI scanning.After further resection,total tumor resection was achieved in 16 patients,subtotal resection in 18 and partial resection in 7.There was a statistical significant difference in tumor resection between pre-iMRI and post-iMRI according to the Fisher test (P＜0.05).In the follow-up from 3 months to 3 years,the symptoms of the 41 patients had improved.Conclusion:iMRI corrected the shift of brain.Neuronavigation can accurately and timely assess the degree of resecting tumor.The combination of neuronavigation with surgery can maximally and safely resect insular glioma.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of clarithromycin (CAM) treatment in adult Chinese patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or without nasal polyps (CRSsNP).

METHODSA prospective, open and self-controlled clinical trial on patients with CRS was conducted. Fifty patients met inclusion criteria. Of 50 patients, there were 33 patients with CRSsNP and 17 patients with CRSwNP. CAM was administered at 250 mg/d and the duration of administration was 12 weeks. Outcome measures included assessments of visual analogue scale (VAS), the sino-nasal outcome test-20(SNOT-20), the medical outcomes study short-form 36 items(SF-36), Lund-Kennedy endoscopy score, and Lund-Mackay computed tomography score. Before starting the treatment, 2 months after treatment and at the end of treatment, each patient had to complete all the measures except Lund-Mackay computed tomography score, which was only conducted before and after treatment. In order to evaluate the safety of CAM, liver function and renal function in all patients were detected before and after treatment. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the data.

RESULTSForty-five patients completed 3 months follow-up and 5 patients withdrew due to different reasons. The results were as follows: (1) Thirty-three patients with CRSsNP's VAS scores of four time point were 5.81 ± 1.69, 3.76 ± 1.94, 2.98 ± 1.95, 2.06 ± 2.13, respectively, there were statistically significant improvements in turn (t values were 5.910, 8.090, 8.932, all P < 0.05). Endoscopy score of four time point were 6.28 ± 1.28, 5.00 ± 1.67, 4.12 ± 1.76, 3.12 ± 2.19, respectively, there were statistically significant improvements in turn compared with before treatment (t values were 6.662, 9.161, 9.936, all P < 0.05). The CT scores before and after treatment were 10.33 ± 4.65 and 4.67 ± 4.59, respectively (t = 7.226, P = 0.000) . (2) Seventeen patients with CRSwNP's VAS scores of four time point were 6.07 ± 2.02, 4.87 ± 2.61, 4.06 ± 2.85, 4.08 ± 2.80, respectively, there were statistically significant improvements after 2 or 3 months (t values were 3.285, 3.468, both P < 0.05) except after one month (t = 1.846, P > 0.05). Endoscopy score of four time point were 10.65 ± 1.77, 9.35 ± 1.93, 8.65 ± 2.76, 8.47 ± 2.76, respectively, there were statistically significant improvements in turn(t values were 4.068, 4.863, 5.156, all P < 0.05). The CT scores before and after treatment were 13.82 ± 4.94 and 11.41 ± 5.12, respectively (t = 3.975, P = 0.001). (3) During the period of CAM treatment, 1 patient reported a tolerable headache and weakness and 1 patient had abdominal pain after two months treatment, all the symptoms disappeared while they were asked to stop the drug. Liver function and renal function were detected in 40 patients, the differences before and after treatment were not significant statistically.

CONCLUSIONSLong-term, low-dose CAM treatment is effective in the treatment of CRSsNP and CRSwNP in Chinese patients. Meanwhile, the efficacy of CAM is more significant in polyp-free group compared with polyp group. Low does CAM therapy is safe, and the liver function and renal function does not worsen after 3 months treatment.

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clarithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome