OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of mouse nerve growth factor combined with ganglioside in the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS:A total of 150 HIE children in pediatric department of our hospital during Jan. 2013-Jan. 2015 were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 75 cases in each group. Both groups received routine treatment as correcting hypotension,reducing intracranial pressure,etc. Con-trol group was additionally given Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside sodium injection 20 mg added into 10% Glucose injection 30-50 mL,ivgtt,qd. Observation group was additionally given Mouse nerve growth factor for injection 30 μg added into Water for injection 2 mL,im,qd,on the basis of control group. A treatment course lasted for 10 days,and both groups received 2 courses of treatment. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were compared as well as NBNA score,the levels of related lab test indexes (IL-10, TNF-α,SOD,NSE,VEGF) before and after treatment,the occurrence of ADR and sequela (following up to 1 year old). RE-SULTS:The response rate of observation group was 86.7%,which was significantly higher than 72.0% of control group,with sta-tistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in NBNA scores or related lab test index lev-els between 2 groups (P>0.05). On 4th,7th,10th day after treatment,NBNA scores of 2 groups were increased significantly, compared to before treatment;the observation group was significantly higher than the control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment,serum levels of IL-10,TNF-α,NSE and VEGF in 2 groups were decreased significantly,compared to before treatment,SOD levels were increased significantly,and the observation group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups during treatment. Totally 64 children in ob-servation group and 60 in control group completed follow-up. The total incidence of sequela in observation group was 10.9%, which was significantly lower than 25.0% of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For neonatal HIE,mouse nerve growth factor combined with ganglioside can effectively relieve brain tissue inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress injury,accelerate the recovery of cerebral tissue and reduce the occurrence of sequela with good safety.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathogen distribution of the neonatal sepsis, and to analyze the antibiotic resistance of the pathogens. Methods Review the Medical records of 38 sepsis cases of full-term and premature neonates in our hospital from October 2011 to February 2014 were col-lected and analyzed. Results Ten cases were caused by Gram-positive bacteria among the 18 full-term neonates with sepsis. Eight of ten of the isolates were resistant to oxcillin. Nine of ten of the cases were belonged to late onset infection, and the cases with no nosocomial infection were found. In the other eight full-term neonatal cases caused by Gram-negative bacteria , six cases were nosocomial infection. Among the 20 premature neonates with sepsis , 17 cases were infected Gram-negative bacteria , in which Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumonia and En-terobacter cloacae were the most common agents (16/17). Early onset type and nosocomial infection were identi-fied for 11 (11/20) and 9 (9/20) cases in the premature neonates, respectively. The penicillin G, methicillin resistant rates of the Gram-positive bacteria were close to or over 70%. All the Gram-positive bacteria were sensi-tive to vancomycin. All the Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin , but over 60% of them were sen-sitive to piperacillin-tazobactam and other compounds containing enzyme inhibitor , and 100% of them were sensi-tive to carbapenems and aminoglycoside. Conclusion The full-term neonatal sepsis admitted into our hospital were mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria , which were usually resistant to oxcillin. The premature sepsis were mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria , which were always sensitive to carbapenems and aminoglycoside.

60 mmHg), indicating that the increase in pulse pressure participates in the course of myocardial hypertrophy. ⑤There was no significant correlation between pulse pressure and serum IGF-1 concentra tion, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved in the development of my ocardial hypertrophy between pulse pressure and IGF-1.

AIM:To observe the expression of chemokine fractalkine,and its receptor,CX3CR1,in kidneys of lupus-prone BXSB mice,and their changes after treatment with prednisone. The role of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis was also discussed. METHODS:Twelve 12-week-old male BXSB mice were randomly divided into two groups,the prednisone treatment group (BXSB-prednisone group,n=6) and the experimental control group (BXSB group,n=6). Six male C57BL/6J mice at the same weeks of age served as a normal control group (C57BL/6J group). Both the C57BL/6J and the BXSB group of mice received a daily intragastric administration of 0.5 mL normal saline. The BXSB-prednisone group of mice was given a daily intragastric administration of prednisone (0.18 mg/20 g BW) dissolved in 0.5 mL normal saline. All treatments lasted for 10 weeks. The mRNA and protein expressions of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in kidneys of mice were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting analysis respectively. The changes of laboratory index and the kidney histopathology of mice were also investigated. RESULTS:The mRNA and protein expressions of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in kidneys of BXSB mice were significantly higher than those in C57BL/6J mice. The expressions of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in BXSB-prednisone group of mice were much lower than those in BXSB group of mice,accompanied by the lower serum IgG,IgM and anti-dsDNA antibody levels as well as blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine and urine protein. The glomerular immune complex deposition and the kidney histopathology were also significantly improved in BXSB-prednisone group of mice. CONCLUSION:These results indicate that fractalkine and CX3CR1 participate in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis in BXSB mice,and the effect of glucocorticoids treatment may be attributed,in part,to its ability to inhibit the expression of fractalkine in kidney.

Objective To elucidate the interaction between osteoblast of bone marrow microenvironment and leukemia cells,and to investigate the role of osteoblast in the leukemia cells survival and apoptosis and the influence of leukemia cells on the osteoblast.Methods Leukemia cells from AML1-ETO9a-Rac1 mouse leukemia model and osteoblast cells were used.The ratio of GFP+ leukemia cells that co-cultured with or without osteoblast was detected by FACS.In addition,the apoptosis level of leukemia cells was detected by flow cytometry by PI and Annexin Ⅴ labeling.Activation level of PARP was determined by Western-blot.Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was utilized to detect the mRNA level of TPO,N-cadherin,OPN and Ang1 in osteoblast which was separated from leukemic mice.Results The ratio of GFP+ cells in AE9a-Rac1 leukemia cells co-cultured with osteoblast cell was significantly higher than that of AE9a-Rac1 leukemia cells cultured alone.The apoptotic level of AE9a-Rac 1 leukemia cells cultured alone was significant higher than that of AE9a-Rac 1 leukemia cells in co-culture system.Western blot showed that activated level of PARP in AE9a-Rac1 leukemia cells co-cultured with osteoblast was lower than that cultured alone.RT-PCR result showed that TPO and N-cadherin mRNA levels in primary osteoblast separated from leukemic mice were higher than that from normal mice.Ang1 and OPN mRNA levels of osteoblast from leukemia mice were lower.Conclusion Osteoblast cell can support the survival and inhibit the apoptosis of leukemia cells.Leukemia cells can influence the functions of osteoblast by microenvironment associated cytokines production.

AIM: To observe the expression of fractalkine, and its receptor, CX3CR1, in renal tissues of patients with diffuse proliferative lupus glomerulonephritis (WHO class IV), minimal glomerular abnormalities, and normal kidney. Meanwhile, the correlation among the expression of fractalkine, CX3CR1 and CD68-positive macrophages was investigated, and the role of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis was discussed. METHODS: The expressions of fractalkine, CX3CR1 and CD68 were detected immunohistochemically in kidney tissue sections obtained from twenty-one patients with WHO class IV lupus nephritis, eighteen cases with minimal glomerular abnormalities, and eight normal kidneys which were no abnormality under light microscope. RESULTS: (1) Fractalkine was generally indistinguishable in tissue sections from normal kidney and minimal glomerular abnormalities. CX3CR1-positive cells and CD68-positive macrophages were sparsely detected in the glomeruli and in the cortical interstitium. (2) There were considerable CX3CR1-positive cells and macrophages in both the glomeruli and the interstitium in sections from class IV lupus nephritis. The number of CX3CR1-positive cells significantly correlated with the number of macrophages in the glomeruli and in the interstitium respectively (r=0.956, P

AIM: To investigate homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2(HIPK2) gene expression level and its clinical significance in acute leukemia(AL) patients.METHODS: HIPK2 mRNA was determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(semi-quantitive RT-PCR) in patients with acute leukemia and healthy donors.The relative transcription level was compared between the study group and the control group.RESULTS: ① The relative expression level of HIPK2 mRNA in AL patients was 0.364?0.286,significantly lower than that in control(1.160?0.272,P0.05).CONCLUSION: AL has significantly lower HIPK2 mRNA expression as compared to normal control,which may be associated with leukemogenesis and/or disease progression of AL.

Objective To detect the proteins levels of RhoA and CDC42 in bone marrow mononucleated cells (BMMC) of patients with primary acute leukemia,and further determine the role of abnormal interactions between hematopoietic progenitor and bone marrow microenvironment on abnormal behaviors of leukemia cells. Methods BMMC samples were separated from 54 primary acute leukemia patients and 22 normal donors and the cell lysis samples were prepared. RhoA and CDC42 proteins were determined by Western blotting. Independent pair T test was conducted to evaluate whether the differences in RhoA and CDC42 expression were statistically significant between leukemia patients and normal donors. Spearman was applied in analyzing the correlation between expression of RhoA and CDC42 proteins and clinical characters of patients. Results RhoA and CDC42 proteins level of primary acute leukemia patients was significantly higher than that of normal samples. Especially, patients with M2,M3 and M5 subtypes exhibited significant higher RhoA proteins levels and M3 subtype exhibited significant higher CDC42 protein levels. Conclusion RhoA and CDC42 protein levels of primary acute leukemia patients are significantly higher than that of normal donors. This result suggests that RhoA and CDC42 associated efficient migration of leukemia cells could be implicated in abnormal interaction of leukemic cell with bone marrow microenvironment.

Objective To investigate the application value of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CE-TRUS) in differential diagnosis of prostate benign and malignant lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with prostate lesions detected by CE-TRUS from January 2014 to December 2016 in Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University was performed. Seventy-two cases of prostate disease with 88 lesions were confirmed by transrectal prostate biopsy under ultrasound guidance. The age of patients with benign and malignant lesions, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), and the size of prostate and prostate inner gland were compared by independent sample t test. Pathologic results of transrectal prostate biopsy under ultrasound guidance were used as diagnostic gold standard, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CE-TRUS in diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate lesions were calculated. Results Sixty- seven lesions in 52 patients were benign prostatic diseases, and 21 lesions in 20 patients were prostate cancer in this study. The size of prostate and prostate inner gland were not different between patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic diseases [(58.33±34.99) cm3vs (57.14±24.42) cm3, t=0.185, P=0.854; (34.98±19.96) cm3vs (33.89±17.65) cm3, t=0.213, P=0.832]. Most of prostate cancer lesions were in prostate outer gland area (15/21), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging showed contrast enhancement increased mostly in arterial phase and faded faster than the surrounding tissues (16/21). However, most of prostate benign lesions were in prostate inner gland (47/67), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging showed contrast enhancement was mostly equal with the surrounding tissue in arterial phase and faded the same as the surrounding tissues in venous phase (47/67). Pathologic results of transrectal prostate biopsy under ultrasound guidance were used as diagnostic gold standard, the sensitivity of CE-TRUS in diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate lesions was 85.71%, the specificity was 91.04%, and the accuracy was 89.77%. Two lesions were in prostate inner and outer gland border areas in the three missed prostate cancer lesions, and Gleason scores were all medium and high differentiated group. Six prostate benign lesions were diagnosed as malignant lesions, five lesions were confirmed prostate hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis and one was confirmed granulomatous inflammation with coagulation necrosis by transrectal prostate biopsy under ultrasound guidance. Conclusion CE-TRUS can effectively identify prostate benign and malignant lesions, and provides reliable information for accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between school bullying and the age at menarche (AAM) in girls, so as to provide references for promoting the healthy growth of girls in puberty. Methods: In April 2022, a total of 987 middle school girls with onset of menarche in Rongchang District of Chongqing were selected by using a stratified random cluster sampling method to carry out a questionnaire survey and physical examination. The t tests,variance analysis and Dunnett t tests were conducted to analyze the differences between individuals who experienced different types of school bullying and AAM. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between school bullying and the early age at menarche. Results: The average AAM of 987 girls was (12.13±1.03) years, and 22.90% of them had early AAM. The AAM of those who did not experience bullying events (12.18±0.96) varied significantly with those who experienced bullying events (11.86±1.44) ( t=3.71, P <0.01). The average AAM of individuals who experienced 1, 2, 3 or more school bullying events was (12.08±1.38, 11.74±1.07, 11.61± 1.63 ) years old, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in AAM between girls who did not experience school bullying and those who experienced 1, 2, 3 or more types of school bullying ( F=6.99, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that after adjusting confounding factors, experiencing school bullying ( OR=2.71, 95%CI =2.04-4.27), being deliberately excluded from collective activities or being isolated ( OR=2.58, 95%CI =1.69-4.67), being kicked, pushed or locked in the house ( OR= 2.85 , 95%CI =1.39-4.92), being teased due to physical defects or appearance ( OR=2.74, 95%CI =1.77-5.02), experiencing one school bullying event ( OR=2.33, 95%CI =1.52-4.23), and experiencing two school bullying events ( OR=3.36, 95%CI = 1.82 -7.36), and experiencing three or more school bullying events ( OR=2.89, 95%CI =1.74-5.71) were associated with the early age at menarche ( P <0.05). Conclusion School bullying is related to the earlier AAM among girls. Strengthening school anti bullying education might be helpful for promoting girls healthy growth and development in adolescence.