OBJECTIVE: To prepare Biyanling nasal drops and establish a method for its quality control.METHODS: Biyanling nasal drops was prepared with ephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate etc,and an HPLC method was established for the determination of chlorpheniramine maleate and ephedrine hydrochloride in Biyanling nasal drops.RESULTS: The Biyanling nasal drops were yellow emulsion and in line with the related standard specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 Edition) in identification and tests.The linear ranges of ephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were 0.210～2.096(r=0.999 8)?g?mL-1 and 79.6～796.0(r=0.999 9)?g?mL-1,respectively,and the average recoveries of ephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were 98.83%(RSD=1.45%) and 99.19%(RSD=1.37%),respectively.CONCLUSION: The preparation of nasal drops is feasible in technique,stable and controllable in quality.

Objective To compare the effects of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) and intravenous patient controlled analgesia(IPCA) on postoperative analgesia and rehabilitation therapy for patients after knee arthrolysis. Methods 60 patients were randomly allocatedinto CFNB group (n=30) in which patients received CFNB via a catheter inserted in femoral sheath and IPCA group (n=30) in which patientsreceived IPCA via an intravenous infusion pump contained with analgesics. All patients were successively offered passive rehabilitationtherapy and active rehabilitation therapy at 6, 24, 30, and 48 h post-operation. An injection of 50 mg ropivacaine (0.25%) was administratedvia the catheter before rehabilitation therapy in CFNB group. Analgesics (200~250 μg sufentanil and 100 mg ketamine in 100 ml normalsaline) were transfused intravenously at a constant rate during the whole postoperative period in group IPCA. Visual Analogue Score(VAS), active flexion angle (AFA) of suffered knee joint, and side effects related to CFNB or IPCA were recorded. Results The VAS scoreand the side effect rate were lower in CFNB group than in IPCA group (P<0.05). And the AFA was significantly larger in CFNB group thanin IPCA group (P<0.001). Conclusion CFNB is a safe and beneficial analgesia for patients in postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective To compare the identifiability for depressive symptoms using different instruments while interviewing with different respondents in suicide prevention research in China. Methods One hundred and fifty-one suicide death cases (suicide group) and one hundred and twenty suicide attempt cases (attempt group) were recruited. For each identified cases, one family member proxy respondent, and another associate proxy respondent (friend or neighbor) and suicide attempter (only for attempt group) were interviewed separately by qualified psychiatrists. The Di-agnostic Screening Instrument for Depression (DSID) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders (SCID-Ⅰ) were administered to each respondent to identify the depressive symptoms based on diagnostic criteria for major depressive episode in DSM-Ⅳ. Data collected from family members and associate respondents were merged as proxy data. The concordances of the DSID and SCID-Ⅰfor identifying depressive symptoms, meeting for criteria of Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and Mild and Major Depressive Episode (MMDE), were calculated based on different respondents' data. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE, were compared among merged proxy data, family member respondent's data, and associate respondent's data in suicide group and attempt group, and between self-respondent's data and merged proxy data in suicide attempt group. Results In suicide group, based on merged proxy data, the prevalence of MDE was 41.1%(62 cases) for DSID and 41.7%(63 cases) for SCID-Ⅰ, and the Kappa coeffi-cient was 0.77. Based on suicide attempters' self-raported data, the prevalence of MDE was 23.7% (27 cases) and 22.0% (24 cases) for DSID and SCID-Ⅰ respectively, with a Kappa of 0.74. Based on merged proxy report in attempt group, 16 (13.3%) and 15 (12.5%) cases were met for criteria of MDE (Kappa=0.89), using the 2 instruments. In both of the suicide and attempt groups, the merged proxy data got higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE than that only based on family respondent's data or associate's respondent's data using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Compared with merged proxy data, attempters' self-reported data got higher prevalence of MMD and MMDE using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Conclusions Based on same respondent's data, SCID-Ⅰ performs as well as DSID in identifying depressive symptoms. Collecting data from 2 respondents would get higher prevalence of MDE or MMDE than only from one family member or one associate. In attempt group, the prevalence of MDE or MMDE based on merged proxy data were lower than that based on attempters' self-reported data.

The bone marrow microenvironment is a complex network structure composed of non-hematopoietic cells,hemato-poietic stem cells,extracellular matrix,and various cytokines,which is beneficial to maintain normal hematopoietic function in the body.Once bone marrow microenvironment changes,the types and functions of cells in the bone marrow will change,thereby causing the occurrence of leukemia.Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease that is not only related to abnormal proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells,but also closely related to immune dysfunction.Exosomes,immune cells,mesenchymal cells and bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs)in the bone marrow microenvironment all have immunoregulation effects and can participate in the formation of immune suppression in leukemia,leading to disease progression.Therefore,this article aims to review the mechanism and effects of bone mar-row microenvironment on the pathogenesis of leukemia so as to provide new ideas for leukemia treatment.

Purpose: Tamoxifen showed individual differences in efficacy under different CYP2D6*10 genotypes. Our study evaluated the prognosis of tamoxifen or toremifene in hormone receptor (HR)–positive breast cancer patients under different genotypes. Materials and Methods: CYP2D6*10 genotypes of HR-positive breast cancer patients were determined by Sanger sequencing, and all the patients were divided into tamoxifen group or toremifene group. Results: A total of 268 patients with HR-positive breast cancer were studied. The median follow-up time was 72.0 months (range, 5.0 to 88.0 months). Of these, 88 (32.9%), 114 (42.5%), and 66 (24.6%) patients had C/C, C/T, and T/T genotypes, respectively. Among patients who received tamoxifen (n=176), the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate in patients with C/C and C/T genotype was better than that in patients with T/T genotype, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001 and p=0.030, respectively). In patients receiving toremifene, CYP2D6*10 genotype was not significantly associated with DFS (p=0.325). Regardless of genotypes, the 5-year DFS rate was higher in patients treated with toremifene than in patients with tamoxifen (91.3% vs. 80.0%, p=0.011). Compared with tamoxifen, toremifene remained an independent prognostic marker of DFS in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.422; p=0.021). For all the 180 patients with CYP2D6*10 C/T and T/T genotypes, the 5-year DFS rate was significantly higher in the toremifene group than in the tamoxifen group (90.8% vs. 70.1%, p=0.003). Conclusion Toremifene may be an alternative adjuvant endocrine therapy for patients with CYP2D6*10 mutant genotypes.

The mammalian liver has a very strong regeneration capacity after partial hepatectomy (PH). To further learn the genes participating in the liver regeneration (LR), 551 cDNAs selected from subtracted cDNA libraries of the regenerating rat liver were screened by microarray, and their expression profiles were studied by cluster and generalization analyses. Among them, 177 genes were identified unreported and up- or down-regulated more than twofold at one or more time points after PH, of which 62 genes were down-regulated to less than 0.5; 99 genes were up-regulated to 2-10 folds, and 16 genes were either up- or down-regulated at different time points during LR. By using BLAST and GENSCAN, these genes were located on responsible chromosomes with 131 genes on the long arms of the chromosomes. The cluster and generalization analyses showed that the gene expression profiles are similar in 2 and 4, 12 and 16, 96 and 144 h respectively after PH, suggesting that the actions of the genes expressed in the same profiles are similar, and those expressed in different profiles have less similarity. However, the types, characteristics and functions of the 177 genes remain to be further studied.
Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Liver Regeneration ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Time Factors

Repair of lower abdominal incisional hernia is always a surgical challenge. TAPE technique has been described for the repair of supra-pubic midline incisional hernia with satisfactory outcome. Its indication can be extended for treatment of non-midline lower abdominal hernia. Peritoneal incision is created just below the hernia defect with pre-peritoneal dissection to expose supra-pubic preperitoneal space with Cooper's ligament exposed. Non-adhesive mesh then placed over preperitoneal space and partially intra-peritoneally, and cover the whole extra-peritoneal space prepared to ensure enough overlapping. Mesh is fixed by tackers for intra-peritoneal part, most inferior fixation points were at peritoneal incision line. Extra-peritoneal part of meshes is fixed at the safety zone and covered up by the peritoneal flap to avoid mesh migration. Fixation of the meshes at the lateral aspects were facilitated by the peritoneal flap and subsequent fibrosis and adhesion to the extra-peritoneal structures in cases of lateral lower abdominal hernia. Repair of midline and lateral lower abdominal incisional hernia with this novel modified technique with prosthetic mesh is safe and effective. A larger case series and longer follow-up is required for validation of this technique.
Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hernia ; Hernia, Abdominal ; Hernia, Ventral* ; Incisional Hernia ; Ligaments

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Thus, the development of new therapeutic targets for CRC treatment is urgently needed. SGK1 is involved in various cellular activities, and its dysregulation can result in multiple cancers. However, little is known about its roles and associated molecular mechanisms in CRC. In present study, we found that SGK1 was highly expressed in tumor tissues compared with peri-tumor samples from CRC patients. In vitro experiments revealed that SGK1 overexpression promoted colonic tumor cell proliferation and migration and inhibited cell apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while SGK1 shRNA and inhibitors showed the inverse effects. Using CRC xenograft mice models, we demonstrated that knockdown or therapeutic inhibition of SGK1 repressed tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth. Moreover, SGK1 inhibitors increased p27 expression and promoted p27 nuclear accumulation in colorectal cancer cells, and p27 siRNAs could attenuate the repression of CRC cell proliferation induced by SGK1 inhibitors. Collectively, SGK1 promotes colorectal cancer development via regulation of CRC cell proliferation, migration and survival. Inhibition of SGK1 represents a novel strategy for the treatment of CRC.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cause of Death ; Cell Proliferation ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Fluorouracil ; Heterografts ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mice ; Repression, Psychology ; RNA, Small Interfering

Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin followed by concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of stage Ⅲ massive cervical cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 84 patients with massive cervical cancer admitted to Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from April 2019 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different treatment regimens, patients were divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 42 cases. The observation group received albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin followed by concurrent radiotherapy, and the control group received solvent-based paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin followed by concurrent radiotherapy. The short-term efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results:The partial remission (PR) rate of the observation group and the control group at 1 month of treatment was 92.9% (39/42) and 35.7% (15/42), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 29.867, P < 0.01). The complete remission (CR) rate of the observation group and the control group at 1 month after treatment was 59.5% (25/42) and 38.1% (16/42), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 3.859, P = 0.049). The incidence of diarrhea of the observation group was lower than that of the control group [33.33% (14/42) vs. 54.8% (23/42)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 3.913, P = 0.048). There were no statistical differences in the incidence of hematological adverse reactions and abnormal liver and kidney functions between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion:The albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with nedaplatin followed by concurrent radiotherapy have a good short-term efficacy in treatment of stage Ⅲ massive cervical cancer, and the adverse reactions are tolerable.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in Cabazitaxel injection. METHODS:HPLC method was used. The determination was performed on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18column with mobile phase consisted of water-acetonitrile-ethanol(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 35 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 230 nm. The sample size was 20 μ L. Established method was used to determine related substances in 3 batches of Cabazitaxel injection. RESULTS:The linear relationship of cabazitaxel were 0.039-11.60 μ g/mL(r=0.999 8,n=7). The detection limit was 2×10-4μg,and quantitation limit was 8×10-4μg. RSD of precision and reproducibility tests were all lower than 10.0%(n=6). The amount of single impurity in 3 batches of samples ranged 0.07%-0.08%,and total amount of impurities were 0.26%-0.29%. CONCLUSIONS:Established method is simple,accurate and reliable,can be used for the determination of related substances in Cabazitaxel injection.